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Chloroplast to Leaf

  • Chapter
Photosynthetic Adaptation

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 178))

Abstract

Photosynthesis is highly responsive to environmental changes. Even so, fundamental modifications of the photosynthetic processes during the evolution of plant life have been relatively limited in comparison to the enormous variations in climatic conditions that have occurred during this period. This is evidence of the remarkable plasticity within the photosynthetic process allowing plants to adapt to different life conditions and environmental changes. Currently, the earth is experiencing a series of rapidly developing environmental changes, often collectively referred to as global climate change, and predominantly caused by anthropogenic activities. These may positively or negatively affect photosynthesis as well as trigger yet further adaptive responses. The rapidity of these environmental changes is exemplified by the increases in CO2 and CH4 over the last century (Fig. 9.1). It is essential to know if plants have the capacity to adapt to such rapid environmental changes and thereby mitigate the impact on photosynthetic productivity of crops as well as natural plant communities. The effects of global change on photosynthesis can be extremely complex, reflecting not only natural plant biodiversity but also microclimate diversity. As an example, rising atmospheric CO2 rise per se can enhance photosynthetic carbon fixation and incremental plant growth, but this may be counteracted by the associated temperature increase. Higher temperatures might exceed the optimal temperature for photosynthesis as well as enhance photorespiration, an energetically wasteful process that competes with photosynthetic carbon fixation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Biochimica ed Ecofisiologia Vegetali (IBEV), Via Salaria Km. 29,300, 00016, Monterotondo Scalo (Roma), Italy

    Francesco Loreto

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, C04 3SQ, UK

    Neil R. Baker

  3. Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Donald R. Ort

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  1. Francesco Loreto
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  2. Neil R. Baker
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  3. Donald R. Ort
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  1. Department of Biology, Wakeforest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA

    William K. Smith

  2. 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT, 05405-0086

    Thomas C. Vogelmann

  3. Department of Botany, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia

    Christa Critchley

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Loreto, F., Baker, N.R., Ort, D.R. (2004). Chloroplast to Leaf. In: Smith, W.K., Vogelmann, T.C., Critchley, C. (eds) Photosynthetic Adaptation. Ecological Studies, vol 178. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-27267-4_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-27267-4_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-22079-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-27267-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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