Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

EPR Oximetry in Biological and Model Samples

  • Chapter
Biomedical EPR, Part A: Free Radicals, Metals, Medicine, and Physiology

Part of the book series: Biological Magnetic Resonance ((BIMR,volume 23))

Abstract

The well-known broadening of CW EPR spectra due to collision of the free radical with molecular oxygen in solution has been made into a tool for measuring oxygen concentration in numerous biological systems. The principles of the measurement of oxygen by this method are described, both for spin labels and for oxygen-sensitive particulate probes, such as coals, India ink, and lithium phthalocyanine. Applications are described for cell respiration, membrane permeability, and in vivo measurements on animal organs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

9. References

  • Ahn, M.-K. (1976) Diffusion coefficients of paramagnetic species in solution, J. Magn. Reson. 22, 289–293.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Almeida, P. F. F., Vaz, W. L. C., and Thompson, T. E. (1992) Lateral diffusion in the liquid phase of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol bilayers: A free volume analysis, Biochemistry 31, 6739–8747.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Altenbach, C., Greenhalgh, D. A., Khorana, H. G., and Hubbell, W. L. (1994) A collision gradient method to determine the immersion depth of nitroxides in lipid bilayers: Application to spin-labeled mutants of bacteriorhodopsin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 1667–1671.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Altenbach, C., Marti, T., Khorana, H. G., and Hubbell, W. L. (1990) Transmembrane protein structure: Spin labeling of bacteriorhodopsin mutants, Science 248, 1088–1092.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ardenkjaer-Larsen, J. H., Laursen, I., Leunbach, I., Ehnholm, G., Wistrand, L.-G., Petersson, J. S., and Golman, K. (1998) EPR and DNP properties of certain novel single electron contrast agents intended for oximetric imaging, J. Magn. Reson. 133, 1–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ankel, E., Felix, C. C., and Kalyanaraman, B. (1986) The use of spin label oximetry in the study of photodynamic inactivation of Chinese hamster ovary cells, Photochem. Photobiol. 44, 741–746.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ashikawa, L, Yin, J.-J., Subczynski, W. K., Kouyama, T., Hyde, J. S., and Kusumi, A. (1994) Molecular organization and dynamics in bacteriorhodopsin-rich reconstituted membranes: discrimination of lipid environments by the oxygen transport parameter using a pulse ESR spin-labeling technique, Biochemistry 33, 4947–4952.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Backer, J. M., Budker, V. G., Eremenko, S. I., and Molin, Yu. N. (1977) Determination of the kinetics of biochemical reactions with oxygen using exchange broadening in the ESR spectra of nitroxide radicals, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 460, 152–156.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bielec, J., Pilas, B., Sarna, T., and Truscott, T. G. (1986) Photochemical studies of phorphyrin-melanin interactions, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 282, 1469–1474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boag, J. W. (1969) Oxygen diffusion and oxygen depletion problems in radiobiology, Curr. Top. Radiobiol. Res. 5, 141–195.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chan, H.-C., Glockner, J. F., and Swartz, H. M. (1989) Oximetry in cells and tissue using a nitroxide-liposome system, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1014, 141–144.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, J., and Katz, Y. (1970) Interpretation of nonelectrolyte partition coefficients between dimyristoyl lecithin and water, J. Membr. Biol. 17, 121–154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, J. F., Ding, S., O’Hara, J. A., Liu, K. J., Rhodes, E., Weaver, J. B., and Swartz, H. M. (1995) The apparent diffusion constant measured by MRI correlates with pO2 in a RIF-1 tumor, Magn. Reson. Med. 34, 515–519.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • East, J. M., Melville D., and Lee, A. G. (1985) Exchange rates and numbers of annular lipids for the calcium and magnesium ion dependent adenosine triphosphate, Biochemistry 24, 2615–2623.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farahbakhsh, Z. T., Altenbach, C., and Hubbell, W. L. (1992) Spin labeled cysteins as sensors for protein-lipid interaction and conformation in rhodopsin, Photochem. Photobiol. 56, 1019–1033.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feix, J. B., and Klug, C. S. (1998) Site-directed spin labeling of membrane proteins and peptide-membrane interaction, in Biological Magnetic Resonance, Vol. 14. Spin Labeling: The Next Millennium, L. J. Berliner, Ed., Plenum Press, New York, 251–281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, B. J., Grinberg, O. Y., Isaacs, K.., Walczak, T. M., and Swartz, H. M. (1995) Myocardial oxygen tension and relative capillary density in isolated perfused rat hearts. J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 27, 2551–2558.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, B. J., Grinberg, O. Y., Isaacs, K., Ruuge, E. K., and Swartz, H. M. (1996) Effect of repetitive ischemia on local myocardial oxygen tension in isolated perfused and hypoperfused rat hearts, Magn. Reson. Med. 35, 214–220.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, B. J., Grinberg, O. Y., Ratcliffe, N. R., Swartz, H. M., and Hickey, W. F. (1998) Acute hemodynamic and coronary circulatory of experimental autoimmune myocarditis, Heart Vessels 13, 58–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Froncisz, W., and Hyde, J. S. (1982) The loop-gap resonator: A new microwave lumped circuit ESR sample structure, J. Magn. Reson. 47, 515–521.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Froncisz, W., Lai, C.-S., and Hyde, J. S. (1985) Spin-label oximetry: Kinetic study of cell respiration using a rapid-passage T1-sensitive electron spin resonance display, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 411–415.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gaidarov, I., Santini, F., Warren, R. A., and Keen, J. H. (1998) Spatial control of coated-pit dynamics in living cells, Nat. Cell Biol. 1, 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallez, B., Debuyst, R., Liu, K. J., Demeure, R., Dejehet, F., and Swartz, H. M. (1996) Development of biocompatible implants of fusinite for In Vivo oximetry, MAGMA 4, 71–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gallez, B., Debuyst, R., Dejehet, F., Liu, K. J., Walczak, T., Swartz, H. M., Goda, F., Demeure, R., and Taper, H. (1998) Small particles of fusinite and carbohydrate chars coated with aqueous soluble polymers: preparation and applications for In Vivo EPR oximetry. Magn. Reson. Med. 40, 152–159.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glockner, J. F., Chan, H.-C., and Swartz, H. M. (1991) In Vivo oximetry using a nitroxide-liposome system, Magn. Reson. Med. 20, 123–133.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glockner, J. F., Norby, S.-W., and Swartz, H. M. (1993) Simultaneous measurement of intracellular and extracellular oxygen concentration using a nitroxide-liposome system, Magn. Reson. Med. 29, 12–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glockner, J. F., and Swartz, H. M. (1992) In Vivo EPR oximetry using two novel probes: fusinite and lithium phthalocyanine, in Adv. Exp. Biol. Med., 317, W. Erdmann and D. F. Bruley, Eds., Plenum Press, New York, 229–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glockner, J. F., Swartz, H. M., and Pals, M. A. (1989) Oxygen gradients in CHO cells: Measurement and characterization by electron spin resonance, J. Cell Physiol. 140, 505–511.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goda, F., Liu, K. J., Walczak, T., O’Hara, J. A., Jiang, J., and Swartz, H. M. (1995a) In vivo oximetry using EPR and Indian ink, Magn. Reson. Med. 33, 237–245.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goda, F., O’Hara, J. A., Rhodes, E. S., Liu, K. J., Dunn, J. F., Bacic, G., and Swartz, H. M. (1995b) The changes of oxygen tension in experimental tumors after a single dose of X-ray irradiation, Canc. Res. 55. 2249–2252.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grinberg, O. Y., Friedman, B. J., and Swartz, H. M. (1997a) Intramyocardial pO2 measured by EPR, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 428, 261–268.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grinberg, O. Y., Grinberg, S. A., Friedman, B. J., and Swartz, H. M. (1997b) Myocardial oxygen tension and capillary density in the isolated perfused rat heart during pharmacological intervention, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 411, 171–181.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grinberg, O. Y., Hou, H., and Swartz, H. M. (2000) Direct repeated measurements of pO2 in the brain during ischemia and reperfusion, Ischemic Blood Flow in the Brain (Y. Fukuuchi, M. Tomita and A. Koto, eds.), 6:381–389. Springer-Verlag Tokyo. Keio University Symposia for Life Science and Medicine.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grinberg, O. Y., Smirnov, A.I., and Swartz, H.M. (2001) High spatial resolution multi-site EPR oximetry: the use of a convolution-based fitting method, J. Magn. Reson. 152, 247–258.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, H. J., Bowman, M. K., Spencer, D. P., van Polen, J., Dowey, E. M., Massoth, R. J., Nelson, A. C., and Teicher, B. A. (1989) An imaging radiofrequency electron spin resonance spectrometer with high resolution and sensitivity for in vivo measurements, Rev. Sci. Instr. 60, 1040–1050.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, H. J., Chandramouli, G. V. R., Williams, B. B., Barth, E. D., and Galtsev, V. (1998) Challenge of 3-and 4-dimensional in vivo spectral spatial EPR imaging at radiofrequency with narrow line spin resonance, Twenty first International EPR Symposium, Denver, Abstract No. 124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, H. J., Perik, M., Nguyen, T-D., Spencer, D. P., Teicher, B. A., and Lin, Y. J. (1990) Selective isotopic labeling of a nitroxide spin label to enhance sensitivity for T2 oximetry, J. Magn. Reson. 90, 40–51.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, H. J., Spencer, D. P., van Polen, J., Bowman, M. K., Massoth, R. J., Teicher, B. A., Downy, E. M., and Nelson, A. C. (1986) A low frequency imaging electron spin resonance spectrometer for non-invasive measurement of tumor oxygenation and other parameters characterizing tumor radiosensitivity, Radiation Oncology/Biology/Physics 12, 217–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, H. J., Yu, C., Peric, M., Barth, E., Grdina, D. J., and Teicher, B. A. (1994) Oxymetry deep in tissues with low-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 13047–13051.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hatcher, M. E., and Plachy, W. Z. (1993) Dioxygen diffusion in the stratum corneum: An EPR spin label study. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1149, 73–78.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hitchman, M. L., 1978, Measurement of Dissolved Oxygen. Wiley, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, R. A. (1967) Kinetics of combination of O2 and CO with human hemoglobin F in cells and in solution, Respir. Physiol. 3, 307–317.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Horváth L. I., Brophy, P. J., and Marsh, D. (1988) Exchange rates at the lipid-peptide interface of myelin proteolipid protein studied by spin-label electron spin resonance, Biochemistry 27, 46–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, H., Sosnovsky, G., and Swartz, H. M. (1992) Simultanous measurements of the intra-and extra-cellular oxygen concentration in viable cells, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1112, 161–166.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hyde, J. S., and Subczynski, W. K. (1984) Simulation of ESR spectra of the oxygen-sensitive spin-label probe CTPO, J. Magn. Reson. 56, 125–130.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hyde, J. S., and Subczynski, W. K. (1989) Spin-label oximetry, in Biological Magnetic Resonance. Vol. 8. Spin Labeling. Theory and Applications, L. J. Berliner and J. Reuben, Eds. Plenum, New York, 399–425.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyde, J. S., Subczynski, W. K., Froncisz, W., and Lai, C.-S. (1983) Spin label oximetry: Measurement of oxygen concentration in biological samples, Bull. Magn. Reson. 5, 180–182.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, J. S., Uede, M. J., Okuda, T. S., and Ohnishi, S. I. (1981) Phagocytosis by macrophages II. The dissociation of the attachment and ingestion steps, J. Cell Sci. 51, 189–201.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • James, P. E., Bacic, G., Grinberg, O. Y., Goda, F., Dunn, J., Jackson, S. K., and Swartz, H. M. (1996) Endotoxin induced changes in intrarenal pO2 measured by in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry and magnetic resonance imaging, Free Rad. Biol. Med. 21, 25–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • James, P.E., Grinberg, O. Y., Goda, F., Panz, T., O’Hara, J. A., and Swartz, H. M. (1997) Gloxy: an oxygen-sensitive coal for accurate measurement of low oxygen tensions in biological systems, Magn. Reson. Med. 37, 48–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, P. E., Miyake, M., and Swartz, H. M. (1999a) Simultaneous measurement of NO and pO2 from tissue by in vivo EPR, Nitric Oxide: Biology and Chemistry 3, 92–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, P. E., O’Hara, J. A., Grinberg, S. A., Panz, T., and Swartz, H. M. (1999b) Impact of the antimetastatic drug batimastat on tumor growth and pO2 measured by EPR oximetry in a murine mammary adenocarcinoma, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 471, 487–496.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, J., Nakashima, T., Shima, T., Liu, K. J., Goda, F., and Swartz, H. M. (1996) Measurement of pO2 in liver using EPR oximetry, J. of Appl. Physiol. 80, 552–558.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalyanaraman, B., Feix, J. B., Sieber, F., Thomas, J. P., and Girotti, A. W. (1987) Photodynamic action of merocyanine 540 on artificial and natural cell membranes: Involvement of singlet molecular oxygen, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 2999–3003.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kawasaki, K., Yin, J.-J., Subczynski, W. K., Hyde, J. S., and Kusumi, A. (2001) Pulse EPR detection of Hpid exchange between protein-rich raft and bulk domains in the membrane: Methodology development and its application to studies of influenza viral membrane, Biophys. J. 80, 738–748.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuppusamy, P., Chzhan, M., Vij, K., Shteynbuk, M., Lefer, D. J., Giannella, E., and Zweier, J. L. (1994) Three-dimensional spectral-spatial EPR imaging of free radicals in the heart: a technique for in vivo imaging of tissue metabolism and oxygenation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 3388–3392.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kusumi, A., Subczynski, W. K., and Hyde, J. S. (1982) Oxygen transport parameter in membranes as deduced by saturation recovery measurements of spin-lattice relaxation times of spin labels, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 1854–1858.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lai, C.-S., Hopwood, L. E., Hyde, J. S., and Lukiewicz, S. J. (1982) ESR studies of O2 uptake by Chinese hamster ovary cells during the cell cycle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 1854–1858.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ligeza, A., Swartz, H. M., and Subczynski, W. K. (1994) Spin-label oximetry in dense cell suspensions: Problems in closed-and open-chamber methods, Curr. Top. Biophys. 18, 29–38.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ligeza, A., Tikhonov, A. N., and Subczynski, W. K. (1997) In situ measurements of oxygen production and consumption using paramagnetic fusinite particles injected into a bean leaf, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1319, 133–137.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ligeza, A., Tikhonov, A., Hyde, J. S., and Subczynski, W. K. (1998) Oxygen permeability of thylakoid membranes: Electron paramagnetic resonance spin labeling study, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1365, 453–463.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ligeza, A., Wisniewska, A., and Subczynski, W. K. (1992) Paraffin oil particles as microscopic probes for oxygen measurement in biological systems: ESR spin-label oximetry, Curr. Top. Biophys. 16, 92–98.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linke, W. F. (1965) Solubilities: Inorganic and metal organic compounds II. 4th ed. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1233–1236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, K. J., Bacic, G., Hoopes, P. J., Jiang, J., Dunn, J. F., and Swartz, H. M. (1995) Assessment of cerebral pO2 by EPR oximetry in rodents: effects of anesthesia, ischemia, and breathing gas, Brain Res. 685, 91–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, K. J., Gast, P., Moussavi, M., Norby, S. W., Vahidi, N., Walczak, T., Wu, M., and Swartz, H. M. (1993) Lithium phtalocyanine: A probe for electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry in viable biological systems, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 5438–5442.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, K. J., Grinstaff, M. W., Jiang, J. J., Suslick, K. S., Swartz, H. M., and Wang, W. (1994) In vivo measurement of oxygen concentration using sonochemically synthesized microspheres, Biophys. J. 67, 896–901.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, K. J., Hoopes, P. J., Rolett, E. L., Beerle, B., Azzawi, A., Goda, F., Dunn, J. J., and Swartz, H. M. (1997) Effect of anesthesia on cerebral tissue oxygen and cardiopulmonary parameters in rats, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 428, 33–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, X., Miller, M. J. S., Joshi, M. S., Thomas, D. D., and Lancaster, J. R. (1998) Accelerated reaction of nitric oxide with O2 within the hydrophobic interior of biological membranes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 2175–2179.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lomnicka, M., and Subczynski, W. K. (1996) Spin-label NO-metry, Curr. Top. Biophys. 20, 76–80.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lukiewicz, S. J. (1985) In vivo electron spin resonance spectroscopy, Radio and Microwave Spectr. 54, 37–54.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lukiewicz, S. J., and Lukiewicz, S. G. (1984) In vivo ESR spectroscopy of large biological objects, Magn. Reson. Med. 1, 297–298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marrink, S.-J., and Berendsen, H. J. C. (1994) Simulation of water transport through a lipid membrane, J. Phys. Chem. 98, 4155–4168.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, D. (1997) Stoichiometry of lipid-protein interaction and integral membrane protein structure, Eur. Biophys. J. 26, 203–208.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, D. (2001) Polarity and permeation profiles in lipid membranes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 7777–7782.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, D., and Watts, A. (1981) ESR spin label studies of liposomes, in Liposomes: from Physical Structure to Therapeutic Applications, C. G. Knight, Ed., Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam, 139–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mchaourab, H. S., and Hyde, J. S. (1993) Dependence of the multi-quantum EPR signal on the spin lattice relaxation time. Effect of oxygen in spin-labeled membranes, J. Magn. Reson. B 101, 178–184.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mchaourab, H. S., Hyde, J. S., and Feix, J. B. (1994) Binding and state of aggregation of spin-labeled ceocropin AD in phospholipid bilayer: Effects of surface charge and fatty acyl chain length, Biochemistry 33, 6691–6699.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, T. J. (1978) The effect of cholesterol on the structure of phosphatidylcholine bilayers, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 513, 43–58.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miettinen, H. M., Matter, K., Hunziker, W., Rose., J. K., and Mellman, I. (1992) Fc receptor endocytosis is controlled by cytoplasmic domain determinant that actively prevents coated pit localization, J. Cell Biol. 116, 875–888.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Molin, Y. N., Salikhov, K. M., and Zamaraev, K. I. (1980) Spin Exchange, Springer-Verlag, New York, 111–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrow, M. R., Huschilt, J. C., and Davis, J. H. (1985) Simultaneous modeling of phase and calorimetric behavior in an amphiphilic peptide/phospholipid model membrane, Biochemistry 24, 5396–5406.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morse II, P. D., and Swartz, H. M. (1985) Measurement of intracellular oxygen concentration using the spin label TEMPOL, Magn. Reson. Med. 2, 114–127.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakashima, T., Jiang, J., Goda, F., Shima, T., and Swartz, H. M. (1995a) The measurement of pO2 in mouse liver in vivo by EPR oximetry using India ink, Magn. Reson. Med. (Japan) 6, 158–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakashima, T., Goda, F., Jiang, J., Shima, T., and Swartz, H. M. (1995b) Use of EPR oximetry with India ink to measure the pO2 in the liver in vivo in mice, Magn. Reson. Med. 34, 888–892.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson, P., and Roughton, F. J. W. (1951) A theoretical study of the influence of diffusion and chemical reaction velocity on the rate of exchange of carbon monoxide and oxygen between the red blood corpuscle and surrounding fluid, Proc. Roy. Soc. B 138, 241–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nishikawa, H., Fujii, H., and Berliner, L. J. (1985) Helices and surface coils for low-field in. vivo ESR and EPR imaging applications, J. Magn. Reson. 62, 79–86.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Hara, J. A., Goda, F., Demidenko, E., and Swartz, H. M. (1998) Effect on regrowth delay in a murine tumor of scheduling split dose irradiation based on pO2 direct measurements by electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry, Radiat. Res. 150, 549–556.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Hara, J. A., Goda, F., Dunn, J. F., and Swartz, H. M. (1997a) Potential for EPR oximetry to guide treatment planning for tumors, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 428, 233–242.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Hara, J. A., James, P. E., Panz, T., Grinberg, O. Y., Jain, N., Dunn, J., and Swartz, H. M. (1997b) Determining the anatomic position and histological effects in tumors of gloxy, an oxygen sensitive paramagnetic material, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 428, 107–113.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pace, R. J., and Chan, S. I. (1982) Molecular motions in lipid bilayers. III. Lateral and transversal diffusion in bilayers, J. Chem. Phys. 76, 4241–4247.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pajak, S., Cieszka, K., Gurbiel, R., Subczynski, W. K., and Lukiewicz, S. J. (1978) EPR measurements of the oxygen consumption by tumor cells, Third meeting of the Polish Biophysical Society, Wroclaw-Olesnica, Book of Abstracts, p. 70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pajak, S., Subczynski, W. K., Panz, T., and Lukiewicz, S. J. (1980) Rate of oxygen consumption of hamster melanoma cells as a factor influencing their radioresistance, Folia Histochem. Cytochem. 18, 33–39.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pasenkiewicz-Gierula, M., and Subczynski, W. K. (1996) Structure and dynamics of lipid bilayer membranes-comparison of EPR and molecular dynamics simulation results, Curr. Top. Biophys. 20, 93–98.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plachy, W. Z., and Windrem, D. A. (1977) A gas-permeable EPR sample tube, J. Magn. Reson. 21, 237–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pogue, B. W., O’Hara, J. A., Liu, K. J., Hasan, T., and Swartz, H. M. (1999) Photodynamic treatment of the RIF-1 tumor with verteporfin with online monitoring of tissue oxygen using electronic paramagnetic resonance oximetry, SPEI 3691, 108–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Popp, C. A., and Hyde, J. S. (1981) Effects of oxygen on EPR spectra of nitroxide spin-label probes of model membranes, J. Magn. Reson. 43, 249–258.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Povich, M. J. (1975 a) Measurements of dissolved oxygen concentrations and diffusion coefficients by electron spin resonance, Anal. Chem. 47, 346–347.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Povich, M. J. (1975b) Electron spin resonance oxygen broadening, J. Phys. Chem. 79, 1106–1109.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reszka, K., and Sealy, R. C. (1984) Photooxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine by hematoporphyrin in aqueous solution: An electron spin resonance study using 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone 1-oxyl (Tempone), Photochem. Photobiol. 39, 293–299.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rohmer, M., Bouvier, P, and Ourisson, G. (1979) Molecular evolution of biomembranes: structural equivalents and phytogenic precursor of sterols, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 847–851.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ryba, N. J. P., Horváth, L. I., Watts, A., and Marsh, D. (1987) Molecular exchange at the lipid-rhodopsin interface: spin-label electron spin resonance studies of rhodopsindimyristoylphosphatidylcholine recombinants, Biochemistry 26, 3234–3240.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sarna, T., and Sealy, R. C. (1984) Photoinduced oxygen consumption in melanin systems. Action spectra and quantum yields for eumelanin and synthetic melanin, Photochem. Photobiol. 39, 69–74.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sarna, T., Duleba, A., Korytowski, W., and Swartz, H. M. (1980) Interaction of melanin with oxygen, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 200, 140–148.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, R. J., Hogg, N., Mchaourab, H. S., and Kalyanaraman, B. (1994) Physical and chemical interactions between nitric oxide and nitroxides, Biochim. Biophys Acta 1201, 473–441.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smirnov, A. I., Clarkson, R. B., and Belford, R. L. (1996) EPR linewidth (T2) method to measure oxygen permeability of phospholipid bilayers and its use to study the effect of low ethanol concentrations, J. Magn. Reson. B 111:149–157.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smirnov, A. I., Norby, S. W., Clarkson, R. B., Walczak, T., and Swartz, H. M. (1993) Simultaneous multi-site EPR spectroscopy in vivo, Magn. Reson. Med. 30, 213–220.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smotkin, E. S., Moy, F. T., and Plachy, W. Z. (1991) Dioxygen solubility in aqueous phosphatidylcholin dispersion, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1061, 33–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sotgiu, A. (1985) Resonator design for in vivo ESR spectroscopy, J. Magn. Reson. 65, 206–214.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stamler, J. S. (1995) in Biochemical Pharmacological and Clinical Aspects of Nitric Oxide, B. A. Weissman, N. Allon and S. Shapira, Eds., Plenum, New York, 67–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • St. Denis, C. E., and Fell, C. J. (1971) Diffusivity of oxygen in water, Can. J. Chem. Eng. 49, 885.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stouch, T. R., and Bassolino, D. (1996) Movement of small molecules in lipid bilayers: Molecular dynamics simulation studies, in Biological membranes, K. Merz Jr. and B. Roux, Eds., Birkhauser, Boston, 255–280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strzalka, K., Sarna, T., and Hyde, J. S. (1986) ESR oximetry measurement of photosynthetic oxygen evolution by spin-probe technique, Photobiochem. Photobiophys. 12, 67–71.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strzalka, K., Walczak, T., Sarna, T., and Swartz, H. M. (1990) Measurement of time-resolved oxygen concentration changes in photosynthetic systems by nitroxide based ESR oximetry, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 281, 312–318.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., and Hyde, J. S. (1981) The diffusion-concentration product of oxygen in lipid bilayers using the spin-label T1 method, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 643, 283–291.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., and Hyde, J. S. (1983) Concentration of oxygen in lipid bilayer using a spin-label method, Biophys. J. 41, 283–286.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., and Hyde, J. S. (1984) Diffusion of oxygen in water and hydrocarbons using an electron spin resonance spin label technique, Biophys. J. 45, 743–748.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., and Hyde, J. S. (1998a) Membranes: barriers or pathways for oxygen transport, in Oxygen Transport to Tissue XX, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, A. G. Hudetz, Ed., Plenum, New York, 399–408.

    Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., and Hyde, J. S. (1998b) Spin-label NO-metry in lipid bilayer membranes, in Nitric Oxide in Transplant Rejection and Anti-Tumor Defense, S. J. Lukiewicz and J. L. Zweier, Eds., Kluwer, Boston, 95–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., and Kusumi, A. (1985) Detection of oxygen consumption during very early stages of lipid peroxidation by ESR nitroxide spin probe method, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 821, 259–263.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., and Markowska, E. (1992) Effect of carotenoids on oxygen transport within and across model membranes, Curr. Top. Biophys. 16, 62–68.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Hopwood, L. E., and Hyde, J. S. (1992a) Is the mammalian cell plasma membrane a barrier to oxygen transport?, J. Gen. Physiol. 100, 69–87.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Hyde, J. S., and Kusumi, A. (1989) Oxygen permeability of phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol membranes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 4474–4478.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Hyde, J. S., and Kusumi, A. (1991a) Effect of alkyl chain unsaturation and cholesterol intercalation on oxygen transport in membranes: A pulse ESR spin labeling study, Biochemistry 30, 8578–8590.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K. and Kusumi, A. (1985) Detection of oxygen consumption during very early stages of lipid peroxidation by ESR nitroxide spin probe method, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 821, 259–263.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K. and Kusumi, A. (2003) Dynamics of raft molecules in the cell and artificial membranes: approaches by the pulse EPR spin labelling and single molecule optical microscopy, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1610, 231–243.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Lewis, R. N. A. H., McElhaney, R. N., Hodges, R. S., Hyde, J. S., and Kusumi, A. (1998) Molecular organization and dynamics of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine bilayers containing a transmembrane helical peptide, Biochemistry 37, 3156–3164.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Lomnicka, M., and Hyde, J. S. (1996) Permeability of nitric oxide through lipid bilayer membranes, Free Rad. Res. 24, 343–349.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Lukiewicz, S., and Hyde, J. S. (1986) Murine in-vivo L-band ESR spinlabel oximetry with a loop-gap resonator, Magn. Reson. Med. 3, 747–754.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Markowska, E., and Sielewiesiuk, J. (1991b) Effect of polar carotenoids on the oxygen diffusion-concentration product in lipid bilayers. An ESR spin label study, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1068, 68–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Pasenkiewicz-Gierula, M., McElhaney, R. N., Hyde, J. S., and Kusumi, A. (2003) Molecular organization and dynamics of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine membranes containing a transmembrane α-helical peptide with dynamic surface roughness, Biochemistr. 42, 3939–3948.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Renk, G. E., Crouch, R. K., Hyde, J. S., and Kusumi, A. (1992b) Oxygen diffusion-concentration product in rhodopsin as observed by a pulse ESR spin labeling method, Biophys. J. 63, 573–577.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subczynski, W. K., Wisniewska, A., Yin, J.-J., Hyde, J. S., and Kusumi, A. (1994) Hydrophobic barriers of lipid bilayer membranes formed by reduction of water penetration by alkyl chain unsaturation and cholesterol, Biochemistry 33, 7670–7681.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M. (2003) The measurement of oxygen in vivo using EPR techniques, in Biological Magnetic Resonance 18: In Vivo EPR (ESR): Theory and Applications. L.J. Berliner, Ed., Plenum Publishing Co., New York. 404–440.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M., and Clarkson, R. B. (1998) The measurement of oxygen in vivo using EPR techniques, Phys. Med. Biol.43, 1957–1975.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M., and Glockner, J. F. (1989) Measurements of concentration of oxygen in biological systems in EPR techniques, in Advance EPR in Biology and Biochemistry, A. J. Hoff, Ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 753–782.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M., and Glockner, J. F. (1991) Measurement of oxygen by ESRI and ESRS, in Imaging and In Vivo EPR, G. R. Eaton, S. S. Eaton and K. Ohno, Eds., CRC Press, Boca Roton, 261–290.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M., Boyer, S., Gast, P., Glockner, J. F., Hu, H., Liu, K. J., Moussavi, M., Norby, S. W., Vahidi, N., Walczak, T., Wu, M., and Clarkson, R. B. (1991) Magn. Reson. Med. 20, 333–339.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M., Chen, K., Pals, M., Sentjurc, M., and Morse II, P. D. (1986) Hypoxia sensitive NMR contrast agents, Magn. Reson. Med. 3, 169–174.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M., Liu, K. J., Goda, F., and Walczak, T. (1994) India ink: a potential clinically applicable EPR oximetry probe, Magn. Reson. Med. 30, 229–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M., and Walczak, T. (1996) An overview of considerations and approaches for developing in vivo EPR for clinical applications, Chem. Intermed. 22, 511–23.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, H. M., and Walczak, T. (1998) Developing in vivo EPR oximetry for clinical use, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 454, 243–252.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taie, S., Leichtweis, S., Liu, K. J., Miyake, M., Grinberg, O. Y., Demidenko, E., and Swartz, H. M. (1999) The effects of ketamine/xylazine and pentobarbital anesthesia on cerebral tissue oxygen tension, blood pressure, and arterial blood gas in rats, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 471, 189–198.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Träuble, H. (1971) The movement of molecules across lipid membranes: A molecular theory, J. Membr. Biol. 4:193–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vahidi, N., Clarkson, R. B., Liu, K. J., Norby, S. W., Wu, M., and Swartz, H. M., 1994, In Vivo and In Vitro EPR oximetry with fusinite: A new coal-derived, particulate EPR probe, Magn. Reson. Med. 31, 139–146.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Varghese, J. N., Laver, W. G., and Colman, P. M. (1983) Structure of the influenza glycoprotein antigen neuraminidase at 2.9 Ã… resolution, Nature 303, 35–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vaughn, M. W., Huang, K. T., Kuo, L., and Liao, J. C. (2001) Erythrocyte consumption of nitric oxide: Competition experiment and model analysis, Nitric Oxide: Biology and Chemistry 5, 18–31.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Webster, R. G., Laver, W. G., Air, G. M., and Schild, G. C. (1982) Molecular mechanisms of variation in influenza viruses, Nature 296, 115–121.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, I. A., Skehel, J. J., and Wiley, D. C. (1981) Structure of the hemagglutinin membrane glycoprotein of influenza virus at 3 Ã… resolution, Nature 289, 366–378.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Windrem, D. A., and Plachy, W. Z. (1980) The diffusion-solubility of oxygen in lipid bilayers, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 600, 655–665.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wisniewska, A., and Subczynski, W. K. (1998) Effects of polar carotenoids on the shape of the hydrophobic barrier of phospholipid bilayers, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1368, 235–246.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, R. K., Dobrucki, J. W., Glockner, J. F., Morse II, P. D., and Swartz, H. M. (1989) Spectral-spatial ESR imaging as a method of noninvasive biological oximetry, J. Magn. Reson. 85, 50–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yin, J.-J., Pasenkiewicz-Gierula, M., and Hyde, J. S. (1987) Lateral diffusion of lipids in membranes by pulse saturation recovery electron spin resonance, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 964–968.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yin, J.-J., and Hyde, J. S. (1987) Spin-label saturation-recovery electron spin resonance measurements of oxygen transport in membranes, Z. Phys. Chem. (Munich) 153, 57–65.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zweier, J. L., Thompson-Gorman, S., and Kuppusamy, P. (1991) Measurement of oxygen concentration in the intact beating heart using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy: a technique for measuring oxygen concentration in situ, J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 23, 855–871.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Biomedical EPR Center, Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226

    Witold K. Subczynski

  2. Department of Radiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755

    Harold M. Swartz

Authors
  1. Witold K. Subczynski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Harold M. Swartz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Denver, Denver, Colorado

    Sandra R. Eaton , Gareth R. Eaton  & Lawrence J. Berliner ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Subczynski, W.K., Swartz, H.M. (2005). EPR Oximetry in Biological and Model Samples. In: Eaton, S.R., Eaton, G.R., Berliner, L.J. (eds) Biomedical EPR, Part A: Free Radicals, Metals, Medicine, and Physiology. Biological Magnetic Resonance, vol 23. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-26741-7_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-26741-7_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-306-48506-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-26741-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation