Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Statins in Critical Illness

  • Conference paper
Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2005

Part of the book series: EN]Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine ((volume 2005))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2002) Statistics on drug use in Australia 2002. Available at: http://www.aihw.gov.au/publications/phe/sdua02/sdua02.pdf Accessed December 2004

    Google Scholar 

  2. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group (1998) Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 339:1349–1357

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ko DT, Mamdani M, Alter DA (2004) Lipid-lowering therapy with statins in high-risk elderly patients: the treatment-risk paradoxI. JAMA 291:1864–1870

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Poldermans D, Bax JJ, Kertai MD, et al (2003) Statins are associated with a reduced incidence of perioperative mortality in patients undergoing major noncardiac vascular surgery. Circulation 107:1848–1851

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Lindenauer PK, Pekow P, Wang K, Gutierrez B, Benjamin EM (2004) Lipid-lowering therapy and in-hospital mortality following major noncardiac surgery. JAMA 291:2092–2099

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Kwak BR, Mach F (2003) Statins inhibit leukocyte recruitment: new evidence for their anti-inflammatory properties. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 21:1256–1258

    Google Scholar 

  7. Almog Y (2003) Statins, inflammation, and sepsis: hypothesis. Chest 124:740–743

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. MIMS Online Australia (2004) Prescribing information Atorvastatin, Simvastatin. At: http://www.mims.hcn.net.au. Accessed August 12th 2004

    Google Scholar 

  9. Adverse Drug Reactions Adivsory Committee 2004) Risk factors for myopathy and rhabdomyolysis with the statins. Australian Adverse Drug Reactions Bulletin 23:2

    Google Scholar 

  10. Almog Y, Shefer A, Novack V, et al (2004) Prior statin therapy is associated with a decreased rate of severe sepsis. Circulation 110:880–885

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (1994) Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease. Lancet 344:1383–1389

    Google Scholar 

  12. Sacks FM, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, et al (1996) The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial investigators. N Engl J Med 335:1001–1009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Schwartz GG, Olsson AG, Ezekowitz MD, et al (2001) Effects of atorvastatin on early recurrent ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes: the MIRACL study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 285:1711–1718

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Cannon CP, Braunwald E, McCabe CM, et al (2004) Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 350:1495–1504

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. de Lemos JA, Blazing MA, Wiviott SD, et al (2004) Early intensive vs a delayed conservative simvastatin strategy in patients with acute coronary syndromes: phase Z of the A to Z trial. Jama 292:1307–1316

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Hess DC, Demchuk AM, Brass LM, Yatsu FM (2000) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins): a promising approach to stroke prevention. Neurology 54:790–796

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Prospective studies collaboration (1995) Cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure, and stroke: 13 000 strokes in 450 000 people in 45 prospective cohorts. Lancet 346:1647–1653

    Google Scholar 

  18. Laufs U, Gertz K, Huang P, et al (2000) Atorvastatin upregulates type III nitric oxide synthase in thrombocytes, decreases platelet activation, and protects from cerebral ischemia in normocholesterolemic mice. Stroke 31:2442–2449

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Johnson BA, Iacono AT, Zeevi A, McCurry KR, Duncan SR (2003) Statin use is associated with improved function and survival of lung allografts. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167:1271–1278

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Raval NY, Mehra MR (2004) Metaanalysis of statins and survival in de novo cardiac transplantation. Transplant Proc 36:1539–1541

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Fischetti F, Carretta R, Borotto G, et al (2004) Fluvastatin treatment inhibits leucocyte adhesion and extravasation in models of complement-mediated acute inflammation. Clin Exp Immunol 135:186–193

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Simon A, Drewe E, van der Meer JW, et al (2004) Simvastatin treatment for inflammatory attacks of the hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome. Clin Pharmacol Ther 75:476–483

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Nawawi H, Osman NS, Yusoff K, Khalid BA (2003) Reduction in serum levels of adhesion molecules, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein following short-term low-dose atorvastatin treatment in patients with non-familial hypercholesterolemia. Horm Metab Res 35:479–485

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Graaf MR, Beiderbeck AB, Egberts AC, Richel DJ, Guchelaar HJ (2004) The risk of cancer in users of statins. J Clin Oncol 22:2388–2394

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Park HJ, Kong D, Iruela-Arispe L, Begley U, Tang D, Galper JB (2002) 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors interfere with angiogenesis by inhibiting the geranylgeranylation of RhoA. Circ Res 91:143–150

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Wong WW, Dimitroulakos J, Minden MD, Penn LZ (2002) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and the malignant cell: the statin family of drugs as triggers of tumor-specific apoptosis. Leukemia 16:508–519

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Feleszko W, Mlynarczuk I, Olszewska D, et al (2002) Lovastatin potentiates antitumor activity of doxorubicin in murine melanoma via an apoptosis-dependent mechanism. Int J Cancer 100:111–118

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Sumi S, Beauchamp RD, Townsend CM Jr, Pour PM, Ishizuka J, Thompson JC (1994) Lovastatin inhibits pancreatic cancer growth regardless of RAS mutation. Pancreas 9:657–661

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Kusama T, Mukai M, Iwasaki T, et al (2002) 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase inhibitors reduce human pancreatic cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Gastroenterology 122:308–317

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Berthold HK, Unverdorben S, Zittermann A, et al (2004) Age-dependent effects of atorvastatin on biochemical bone turnover markers: a randomized controlled trial in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 15:459–467

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Liappis AP, Kan VL, Rochester CG, Simon GL (2001) The effect of statins on mortality in patients with bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis 33:1352–1357

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Merx MW, Liehn EA, Janssens U, et al (2004) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor simvastatin profoundly improves survival in a murine model of sepsis. Circulation 109:2560–2565

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Blanco-Colio LM, Tunon J, Martin-Ventura JL, Egido J (2003) Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of statins. Kidney Int 63:12–23

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Tai SC, Robb GB, Marsden PA (2004) Endothelial nitric oxide synthase: a new paradigm for gene regulation in the injured blood vessel. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24:405–412

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Bonville DA, Parker TS, Levine DM, et al (2004) The relationships of hypocholesterolemia to cytokine concentrations and mortality in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 5:39–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Gui D, Spada PL, De Gaetano A, Pacelli F (1996) Hypocholesterolemia and risk of death in the critically ill surgical patient. Intensive Care Med 22:790–794

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. van Leeuwen HJ, Heezius EC, Dallinga GM, van Strijp JA, Verhoef J, van Kessel KP (2003) Lipoprotein metabolism in patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care Med 31:1359–1366

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Gordon BR (2004) Poor outcomes associated with low lipid and lipoprotein levels. Crit Care Med 32:878–879

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Gordon BR, Parker TS, Levine DM, et al (1996) Low lipid concentrations in critical illness: implications for preventing and treating endotoxemia. Crit Care Med 24:584–589

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Harris HW, Gosnell JE, Kumwenda ZL (2000) The lipemia of sepsis: triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as agents of innate immunity. J Endotoxin Res 6:421–430

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Knopp RH (1999) Drug treatment of lipid disorders. N Engl J Med 341:498–511

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Vaughan CJ, Gotto AM Jr (2004) Update on statins: 2003. Circulation 110:886–892

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Yu BP (1994) Cellular defenses against damage from reactive oxygen species. Physiol Rev 74:139–162

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Goldstein JL, Brown MS (1990) Regulation of the mevalonate pathway. Nature 343:425–430

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Weber C, Erl W, Weber KS, Weber PC (1997) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors decrease CD11b expression and CD11b-dependent adhesion of monocytes to endothelium and reduce increased adhesiveness of monocytes isolated from patients with hypercholesterolemia. J Am Coll Cardiol 30:1212–1217

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Weitz-Schmidt G, Welzenbach K, Brinkmann V, et al (2001) Statins selectively inhibit leukocyte function antigen-1 by binding to a novel regulatory integrin site. Nat Med 7:687–692

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Frenette PS (2001) Locking a leukocyte integrin with statins. N Engl J Med 345:1419–1421

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Ridker PM, Rifai N, Clearfield M, et al (2001) Measurement of C-reactive protein for the targeting of statin therapy in the primary prevention of acute coronary events. N Engl J Med 344:1959–1965

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Rice JB, Stoll LL, Li WG, et al (2003) Low-level endotoxin induces potent inflammatory activation of human blood vessels: inhibition by statins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23:1576–1582

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Pruefer D, Makowski J, Schnell M, et al (2002) Simvastatin inhibits inflammatory properties of Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin. Circulation 106:2104–2110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Kostner K (2004) Activation of the complement system: A crucial link between inflammation and atherosclerosis? Eur J Clin Invest 34:800–802

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Mason JC, Ahmed Z, Mankoff R, et al (2002) Statin-induced expression of decay-accelerating factor protects vascular endothelium against complement-mediated injury. Circ Res 91:696–703

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Cines DB, Pollak ES, Buck CA, et al (1998) Endothelial cells in physiology and in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders. Blood 91:3527–3561

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Seeger H, Mueck AO, Lippert TH (2000) Fluvastatin increases prostacyclin and decreases endothelin production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 38:270–272

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Essig M, Nguyen G, Prie D, Escoubet B, Sraer JD, Friedlander G (1998) 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors increase fibrinolytic activity in rat aortic endothelial cells. Role of geranylgeranylation and Rho proteins. Circ Res 83:683–690

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Hernandez-Perera O, Perez-Sala D, Navarro-Antolin J, et al (1998) Effects of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors, atorvastatin and simvastatin, on the expression of endothelin-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 101:2711–2719

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Kaneta S, Satoh K, Kano S, Kanda M, Ichihara K (2003) All hydrophobic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors induce apoptotic death in rat pulmonary vein endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 170:237–243

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Pishvaian AC, Trope BW, Lewis JH (2004) Drug-Induced liver disease in 2003. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 20:208–219

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Thompson PD, Clarkson P, Karas RH (2003) Statin-associated myopathy. JAMA 289:1681–1690

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Jamal SM, Eisenberg MJ, Christopoulos S (2004) Rhabdomyolysis associated with hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors. Am Heart J 147:956–965

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Goli AK, Goli SA, Byrd RP Jr, Roy TM (2002) Simvastatin-induced lactic acidosis: a rare adverse reaction? Clin Pharmacol Ther 72:461–464

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR (2001) Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med 29:1303–1310

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Vincent JL, Abraham E, Annane D, Bernard G, Rivers E, Van den Berghe G (2002) Reducing mortality in sepsis: new directions. Crit Care 6(Suppl 3):S1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. P. Kruger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. K. Kostner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. B. Venkatesh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intensive Care Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium

    Jean-Louis Vincent (Head) (Head)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Kruger, P., Kostner, K., Venkatesh, B. (2005). Statins in Critical Illness. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2005. EN]Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, vol 2005. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-26272-5_41

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-26272-5_41

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-23476-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-26272-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation