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SIV as a Model for AIDS Pathogenesis Studies

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In vivo Models of HIV Disease and Control

Part of the book series: Infectious Diseases and Pathogenesis ((IAPA))

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Abstract

HIV vaccine trials are conducted in nonhuman primate models. Macaques infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and its genetically engineered derivatives, such as chimeras between HIV-1 and SIV (SHIV), are thus indispensable for the proof-of-concept testing and the definition of potential correlates of immune protection in HIV-vaccine design. SIVinfected macaques are also the animal model system of choice to perform etiopathological investigations. In contrast to humans, the monkeys are selected for age, sex, and provenance. They are infected under controlled experimental conditions with a pretitrated dose of a well-characterized viral isolate or a viral clone. The macaque model of AIDS is therefore most suited to study virus dissemination and host responses during the acute phase of infection, which is very difficult to study in HIV-infected humans. This phase is especially important since its outcome determines the disease course in HIV-1 infected humans and SIV-infected monkeys. Furthermore, organs usually not accessible for investigations in humans can be analyzed at any point during the infection. This animal model also provides the opportunity to intervene experimentally with the disease process. For example, much information has been gathered by depleting various lymphocyte subsets or by labeling lymphocytes in order to monitor their turnover. In addition, by selecting specific viral mutants or animals according to predefined criteria it is possible to decipher important viral and host factors influencing the course of the disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. German Primate Center, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Ulrike Sauermann

  2. Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, 97078, Würzburg, Germany

    Sieghart Sopper

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  1. Ulrike Sauermann
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Herman Friedman  & Steven Specter  & 

  2. Department of Experimental Pathology and Retrovirus Center, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno, 37, Pisa, I-56127, Italy

    Mauro Bendinelli

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Sauermann, U., Sopper, S. (2006). SIV as a Model for AIDS Pathogenesis Studies. In: Friedman, H., Specter, S., Bendinelli, M. (eds) In vivo Models of HIV Disease and Control. Infectious Diseases and Pathogenesis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-25741-1_5

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