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Immunology of Cutaneous Candidiasis

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Fungal Immunology

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6. Summary

Cutaneous candidiasis represents infections of the epidermis, primarily the stratum corneum of the skin, with C. albicans and occasionally certain non-C. albicans species. The condition known as chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis consists of a variety of syndromes with varying degrees of immune dysfunction and resulting chronic infections of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes with Candida organisms. The various forms of cutaneous candidiasis have a number of predispositions, such as warmth, moisture, and occlusion at the local site, various kinds of natural or iatrogenic immunosuppression, and perhaps some degree of inherited susceptibility. The immune system, particularly CMI, appears to be important in the defense against this type of infection. In the skin the mechanisms involved in generating immunologic reactions are particularly complex, with epidermal Langerhans cells, other dendritic cells, lymphocytes, microvascular endothelial cells, and the keratinocytes themselves all playing important roles. Studies of cutaneous candidiasis have elucidated a number of immunologic defects, which in some cases may be preexistent and in others may be secondary to the infection itself. Different mechanisms may cause immunologic dysfunction in individual patients and lead to the development of chronic infections. Although an inability to develop protective immune responses appears to be involved in the chronicity of certain cutaneous Candida infections, treatment at the present time depends primarily on antifungal medications; therapeutic modalities aimed at reversing the underlying immunologic defects remain experimental.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

    Srividya Srinivasan, David K. Wagner & Peter G. Sohnle

  2. Infectious Diseases Section, Consultant Care Division, VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI

    Srividya Srinivasan, David K. Wagner & Peter G. Sohnle

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  1. Srividya Srinivasan
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  2. David K. Wagner
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  3. Peter G. Sohnle
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana

    Paul L. Fidel Jr.

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

    Gary B. Huffnagle

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Srinivasan, S., Wagner, D.K., Sohnle, P.G. (2005). Immunology of Cutaneous Candidiasis. In: Fidel, P.L., Huffnagle, G.B. (eds) Fungal Immunology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-25445-5_21

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