Skip to main content

Chemical communication of musth in captive male asian elephants, Elephas maximus

  • Conference paper
Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 10

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Barlow, H., and Mollon, J., eds., 1982, The senses, Cambridge Texts in the Physiological Sciences, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boas, T., and Pauli, S., 1925, The Elephant’s Head, Copenhagen, Denmark.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coblentz, B. E., 1976, Functions of scent-urination in ungulates with special reference to feral goats (Capra hircus L.), Am. Nat. 110(974):549–557.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, K. A., Harder, J. D., Clawson, D. H., Fredrick, D. L., Lodge, G. A., Peachey, H. C., Spellmire, T. J., and Winstel, D. P., 1990, Serum testosterone and musth in captive male African and Asian elephants, Zoo Biol. 9:297–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eales, N. B., 1926, The anatomy of the head of a foetal African elephant (L. africana), T Roy. Soc. Edin-Earth 54:491–546.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, J. F., 1980, Ecology and behavior of the Asian elephant, Supplement to Elephant 1: 36–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, J. F., McKay, G. M., and Jainudeen, M. R., 1971, Reproductive behavior of the Asiatic elephant (Elephas maximus maximus L.), Behaviour 38:193–225.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Espmark, Y., 1964, Rutting behaviour in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.), Anim. Behav. 12(1):159–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farbman, A. I., 1992, Cell Biology of Olfaction, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernando, P., and Lande, R., 2000, Molecular genetic and behavioral analysis of social organization in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 48:84–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gale, U. T., 1974, The Burmese Timber Elephant. Trade Corporation Merchant Street, Rangoon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jainudeen, M. R., Katongole, C. B., and Short, R. V., 1972a, Plasma testosterone levels in relation to musth and sexual activity in the male Asiatic elephant, Elephas maximus, J. Reprod. Fertil. 29:99–103.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jainudeen, M. R., McKay, G. M., and Eisenberg, J. F., 1972b, Observations on musth in the domesticated Asiatic elephant (Elephas maximus), Mammalia 36:247–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jewell, P. A., Hall, S. J. G., and Rosenberg, M. M., 1986, Multiple mating and siring success during natural oestrus in the ewe, J. Reprod. Fertil. 77:81–89.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, E. W., and Rasmussen, L., 2002, Morphological characteristics of the vomeronasal organ of the newborn Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), Anat. Rec. 267(3):252–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joshua, J. and Johnsingh, A., 1995, Ranging patterns of elephants in Rajaji National Park: Implications for reserve design. A Week With Elephants, J. Daniel and H. Datye, eds., Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp.256–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kevemrne, E. B., 1982, The Senses, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruuk, H., Gorman, M., and Leitch, A., 1984, Scent-marking with the subcaudal gland by the European badger, Meles meles L., Anim. Behav. 32:899–907.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lahiri-Choudhury, D. K., 1992, Musth in Indian elephant lore. Elephants: Majestic Creatures of the Wild, J. Shoshani, ed., Rodale Press, Emmaus, pp. 82–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKay, G. M., 1973, Behavior and Ecology of the Asiatic Elephant in Southeastern Ceylon, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, C. J., 1983, Oestrous behaviour and female choice in the African elephant, Behaviour 86: 167–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poole, J. H., 1989a, Announcing intent: the aggressive state of musth in African elephants, Anim. Behav. 37:140–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poole, J. H., 1989b, Mate guarding, reproductive success and female choice in African elephants, Anim. Behav. 37:842–849.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L., Krishnamurthy, V., and Sukumar, R., in prep, Behavioral and chemical confirmation of the preovulatory pheromone, (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate, in wild Asian elephants and its relationship to musth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L., Lazar, J., and Greenwood, D., 2003, The olfactory adventures of elephantine pheromones, Trans. J. Biochem. 31:137–141.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L., Riddle, H. and Krishnamurthy, V., 2002, Mellifluous matures to malodorous in musth, Nature 415:975–976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E., 1982, Asian bull elephants: flehmen-like responses to extractable components in female elephant estrous urine, Science 217:159–162.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E., Buss, I. O., Hess, D. L., and Schmidt, M. J., 1984, Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in elephant serum and temporal gland secretions, Biol. Reprod. 30:352–362.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E., Schmidt, M. J., and Daves, G. D., 1986, Chemical communication among Asian elephants. Chemical Signals in Vertebrates IV, D. Duvall, D. Muller-Schwarze and R. M. Silverstein, eds., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 627–644.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E. L., 1988, Chemosensory responses in two species of elephants to constituents of temporal gland secretion and musth urine, J. Chem. Ecol. 14(8):1687–1711.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E. L., Hess, D. L., and Haight, J. D., 1990, Chemical analysis of temporal gland secretions collected from an Asian bull elephant during a four-month musth episode, J. Chem. Ecol. 16(7): 2167–2181.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E. L., and Hultgren. B., 1990, Gross and microscopic anatomy of the vomeronasal organ in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Chemical Signals in Vertebrates V, D. W. MacDonald, D. Muller-Schwarze and S. E. Natynczuk, eds., Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 155–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E. L., Johnson, E. W., and Jafek, B. W., 1993, Preliminary observations on the morphology of the vomeronasal organ of a newborn Asian elephant, Chem. Senses 18(5):618.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E. L., and Munger, B. L., 1996, The sensorineural specializations of the trunk tip (finger) of the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus, Anat. Rec. 246:127–134.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E. L., and Perrin, T. E., 1999, Physiological correlates of musth: lipid metabolites and chemical composition of exudates, Physiol. Behav. 67(4):539–549.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, L. E. L., Perrin, T. E., and Gunawardena, R., 1994, Isolation of potential musth-alerting signals from temporal gland secretions of male Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), a new method, Chem. Senses 19(5):540.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulte, B. A., Perrin, T. E., Scott, N., Slade, B., and Rasmussen, L. E. L., 1994, Reproductive Condition of Female Asian Elephants and their Responsiveness to Male Secretions, Northeastern Regional Animal Behavior Society, University of New Hampshire.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulte, B. A., and Rasmussen, L. E. L., 1997, Do Female Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) Chemosensorily Prefer Musth Males? American Society of Mammalogists, Stillwater, Oklahoma.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, N. L., Schulte, B. A., Mellen, J. D., and Rasmussen, L. E. L., 1997, Do Male Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) Advertise Musth in their Urine? American Society of Mammalogists, Stillwater, Oklahoma.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shank, C. C., 1972, Some aspects of social behaviour in a population of feral goats (Capra hircus L.), Z Tierpsychol. 30:488–528.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoddart, D. M., 1980, The Ecology of Vertebrate Olfaction, Chapman and Hall, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukumar, R., 2003, The living Elephants: Evolutionary Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation, Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiessen, D., and Rice, M., 1976, Mammalian scent gland marking and social behavior, Psychol. Bull. 83(4):505–539.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walther, F. W., 1979, deDas Verhalten der Homträger (Bovidae), Handb. Zool. VIII 10(30): 1–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahavi, A., and Zahavi, A., 1997, The Handicap Principle: A Missing Piece of Darwin’s Puzzle, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Scott, N.L., Rasmussen, L.E.L. (2005). Chemical communication of musth in captive male asian elephants, Elephas maximus . In: Mason, R.T., LeMaster, M.P., Müller-Schwarze, D. (eds) Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 10. Springer, Boston, MA . https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-25160-X_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics