Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Antibiotic Policies in Developing Countries

  • Chapter
Antibiotic Policies

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Asturias, E., Dueger, E., Torres, O., Graziose, C., and Figueroa, J., 2003, Risk Factors for Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Among Guatemalan Children from Different Socio-economic Strata and Health Care Delivery Systems: Preliminary Surveillance for a Program for the Judicious Use of Antibiotics in the Outpatient Setting. National Congress of Pediatrics, Guatemala City, Guatemala.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartoloni, A., Cutts, F., Leoni, S., Austin, C., Mantella, A., and Guglielmetti, P., 1998, Patterns of antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance among healthy children in Bolivia. Trop. Med. Int. Health, 3, 116–123.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bavestrello, L. and Cabello, A., 2000, How Chile tackled overuse of antimicrobials. WHO Essential Drugs Monitor, Issue No 28–29, 13–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, J., Drucker, E., Enyong, P., and Marx, P., 2002, Availability of injectable antibiotics in a town market in southwest Cameroon. Lancet Infect. Dis., 2, 325–326.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beilby, J., Marley, J., Walker, D., Chamberlain, N., Burke, M., and Group, F. S., 2002, Effect of changes in antibiotic prescribing on patient outcomes in a community setting: A natural experiment in Australia. Clin. Infect. Dis., 34, 55–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bojalil, R., and Calva, J., 1994, Antibiotic misuse in diarrhea. A household survey in a Mexican community. J. Clin. Epidemiol., 47(2), 147–156.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brock, D., 2001, Some questions about the moral responsibilities of drug companies. Dev. World Bioethics, 1, 33–37.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Calva, J., 1996, Antibiotic use in a periurban community in Mexico: a household and drugstore survey. Soc. Sci Med., 42(8), 1121–1128.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • CDC 2002, Summary Report of a Public Health Meeting: Input for a Public Health Action Plan to Combat Anitmicrobial Resistance. Part II: Global Issues, The U.S. Federal Interagency Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunha, B., 2003, Penicillin resistance in pneumococcal pneumonia. Postgrad. Med., 113(1) 42–44, 47–48.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ESCMID, 2002, Study Group on Antibiotic policies, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fidler, D. P., 1998, Legal Issues Associated with Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. Emerging Infect. Dis., 4(2).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gamboa, L., Camou, T., Hortal, M., and Castaneda, E., 2002, Dissemination of Streptococcus pneumoniae Clone Colombia 5–19 in Latin America. J. Clin. Microbiol., 40(11), 3942–3950.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geue, A., 2000, Containing antibiotic resistance: Australia’s contribution to the global strategy. Communicable Diseases Intelligence 24(10).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzales, R., Steiner, J., Lum, A., and Barrett, P., 1999, Decreasing antibiotic use in ambulatory practice: impact of a multidimensional intervention on the treatment of uncomplicated acute bronchitis in adults. J. Am. Med. Assoc., 281(16), 1512–1519.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, D., Noah, D., Fidas, G., and Gannon, J., 2000, The Global Infectious Disease Threat and Its Implications for the United States. Central Intelligent Agency, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gould, I. M., 2002, Antibiotic policies and control of resistance. Curr. Opinion Infect. Dis., 15, 395–400.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gundersen, S., 1992, Resistance problems in developing countries—use and misuse of antiinfective agents. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 112(21), 2741–2746.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, P. and Lederberg, J., 1998, Antimicrobial Resistance: Issues and Options. Workshop Report. Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, Washington p. 115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, M., and Harvey, K., 1999, International Strategies on Antibiotics, Health Action International News.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holloway, K., and Gautam, B., 2001, Consequences of over-prescribing on the dispensing process in rural Nepal. Trop. Med. Int. Health, 6(2), 151–154.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jeena, P., Thompson, E., Nchabeleng, M., and Sturm, A., 2001, Emergence of multi-drug-resistant Acinetobacter anitratus species in neonatal and paediatric intensive care units in a developing country: Concern about antimicrobial policies. Ann Trop Paediatr. 21(3), 245–251.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kollef, M., (2001). Antibiotic Resistance Among Gram-Positive Bacteria in the Hospital Setting: What Can We Do About It? Medscape Infectious Diseases.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCaig, L., Besser, R., and Hughes, J., 2003, Antimicrobial drug prescription in ambulatory care settings, United States, 1992–2000. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 9(4), 432–437.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCaig, L. F. and Hughes, J. M., 1995, Trends in antimicrobial drug prescribing among office-based physicians in the United States. JAMA 273(3), 214–219.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McGowan, J. E. (2001). Economic impact of antimicrobial resistance. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 7(2).

    Google Scholar 

  • McManus, P., Hammond, M., Whicker, S., Primrose, J., Mant, A., and Fairall, S., 1997, Antibiotic use in the Australian community, 1990–1995. MJA, 167(3), 124–127.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nathwani, D. and Davey, P., 1999, Antibiotic-prescribing—are there lessons for physicians? Q. J. Med., 92(5), 287–292.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Dempsey, T., McArdle, T., Lloyd-Evans, N., Baldeh, I., Lawrence, B., Secka, O., and Greenwood, B., 1996, Pneumococcal disease among children in a rural area of west Africa. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J., 15(5), 431–437.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odhacha, A., 1998, Health worker performance after training in integrated management of childhood illness—Western province, Kenya, 1996–1997. MMWR, 47(46), 998–1001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okeke, I., Lamikanra, A., and Edelman, R., 1999, Socioeconomic and behavioral factors leading to acquired bacterial resistance to antibiotics in developing countries. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 5(1).

    Google Scholar 

  • Okeke, I., and Sosa, A., 2003, Antibiotic resistance in africa—discerning the enemy and plotting a defense. Africa Health 25(3), 10–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paredes, P., 1996, Factors influencing physicians’ prescribing behaviour in the treatment of childhood diarrhoea: Knowledge may not be the clue. Soc. Sci Med., 42(8), 1141–1153.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prazuck, T., Falconi, I., Morineau, G., Bricard-Pacaud, V, Lecomte, A., and Ballereau, F., 2002, Quality control of antibiotics before the implementation of an STD program in Northern Myanmar. Sex Transm. Dis. 29(11), 624–627.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Riewpaiboon, A., Sunderland, V, Passmore, P., Sirinavin, S., Jirasmitha, S., Tangcharoensathien, V et al., 1997, Evaluation of cost and appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing for community-acquired pneumonia using a novel computer program. In State of the Art and Future Directions. Chiang Mai, Thailand and School of Pharmacy, Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez, A. J., Samaniego, D. R., Soskin, A., Rodriguez, C., Canese, J., de Canese, J., et al., 2002, Comparative study of antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients of Caracas and Asuncion in a 4-year-period. Chemotherapy 48(4), 164–167.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salvatierra-Gonzalez, R., and Benguigui, Y., (eds.), 2000, Resistencia Antimicrobiana en la Americas: Magnitud del problema y su contencion. Washington, DC, OPS/HCP/ HCT/163/2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schüklenk, U. and Ashcroft, R., 2001, Affordable access to essential medication in developing countries: Conflicts between ethical and economic imperatives. J. Med. Philos., 27(2), 179–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scrip (2003). USTR Looks at Counterfeits and Data Exclusivity. PJB Publications Ltd, Surrey, p. 18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sintchenko, V., Iredell, J., Gilbert, G., and Coiera, E., 2001, What do physicians think about evidence-based antibiotic use in critical care? A survey of Australian intensivists and infectious disease practitioner. Int. Med. J. 31, 462–469.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sosa, A. and Stelling, J., 2003, Using AMR Surveillance Data to Select Antimicrobial Agents for the Treatment of Key Bacterial Infectious Diseases in Nepal. The Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Boston, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sosa, A. and Travers, K., 2001, PAHO/APUA Report on Physician Antibiotic Prescribing Practices And Knowledge in Seven Countries in Latin America. The Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Boston, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • South, M., Royle, J., and Starr, M., 2003, A simple intervention to improve hospital antibiotic prescribing. Med. J. Aust. 178, 207–209.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinman, M., Gonzales, R., Linder, J., and Landefeld, C., 2003, Changing use of antibiotics in community-based outpatient practice, 1991–1999. Ann. Intern. Med. 138(7), 525–533.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sterling, T. R., Lehmann, H. P., and Frieden, T. R., 2003, Impact of DOTS compared with DOTS-plus on multidrug resistant tuberculosis and tuberculosis deaths: Decision analysis. BMJ 326(7389), 574.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stratchounski, L., Andreeva, L, Ratchina, S., Galkin, D., Petrotchenkova, N., Demin, A. et al., 2002, The Inventory of Antibiotics in Home Medicine Cabinets—The Results of Russian Nation-wide Cross-sectional Observational Study, 42nd ICAAC Abstracts, American Society for Microbiology, San Diego, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sudha, V., Prasad, A., Soni, G., Khare, S., and Singh, S., 2003, Simple Criteria for Choosing Antimicrobials for Empiric Therapy of Typhoid Based on Existing Susceptibility Patterns of S. typhi Strains—a Model Proposed. 4th International Symposium on Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance (ISAAR 2003), Seoul, Korea.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tapsall, J., 2001, Antimicrobial Resistance—Susceptibility Surveillance Linked to Public Health Action. Presentation at the Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance Workshop. Joint Expert Technical Advisory Committee on Antibiotic Resistance (JETACAR). Melbourne, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tawfik, Y., 2000, Promising interventions for improving private practitioner’s practices in child survival. Global Health Link: The Newsletter of the Global Health Council 105, 19–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • TRIPS, 2001, Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health. The Fourth WTO Ministerial Conference, Doha, Qatar, World Trade Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tufts-CSDD, 2001, Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development Pegs Cost of a New Prescription Medicine at $802 Million.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tufts-CSDD, 2003, Total Cost to Develop a New Prescription Drug, Including Cost of Post-Approval Research, is $897 Million.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wachter, D., Joshi, M., and Rimai, B., 1999, Antibiotic dispensing by drug retailers in Kathmandu, Nepal. Trop. Med. Int. Health 4(11), 782–788.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • WHO, 1996a, ATC. Classification Index. Geneva, WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO, 1996b, Guidelines for Drug Donations. Geneva, World Health Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO, 1999, Removing Obstacles to Healthy Development. Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO, 2000, Overcoming Microbial Resistance. Infectious Disease Report. Geneva, World Health Organization-http://www.who.int/infectious-disease-report/2000/htm.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO, 2001, The Multi-Country Evaluation of IMCI Effectiveness, Cost and Impact (MCE). Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development. Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO, 2002, The medicines Crossing Borders Project—improving the quality of donations. Essential Drugs Monitor 31, 35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilton, P., Smith, R., Coast, J., and Millar, M., 2002, Strategies to contain the emergence of antimicrobial resistance: A systematic review of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. J. Health Serv. Res. Policy, 7(2), 111–117.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics, 75 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Aníbal Sosa

Authors
  1. Aníbal Sosa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, UK

    Ian M. Gould

  2. University Hospital Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Jos W. M. van der Meer

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sosa, A. (2005). Antibiotic Policies in Developing Countries. In: Gould, I.M., van der Meer, J.W.M. (eds) Antibiotic Policies. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-22852-7_31

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation