Skip to main content

Sampling Strategies: Fundamentals

  • Chapter
  • 223 Accesses

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Environmental Management ((SSEM))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Alldredge, J.R., D.L. Thomas, and L. McDonald. 1998. Survey and comparison of methods for study of resource selection. J. Ag. Biol. Environ. Stat. 3(3):237–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alpizar-Jara, R., and K.H. Pollock. 1996. A combination line transect and capture re-capture sampling model for multiple observers in aerial surveys. J. Environ. Enviorn. Stat. 3:311–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anthony, R.M., and R.A. Stehn. 1994. Navigating aerial transects with a laptop computer map. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 22:674–676.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beavers, S.C., and F.L. Ramsey. 1998. Detectability analysis in transect surveys. J. Wildl. Manage. 62(3):948–957.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bookhout, T.A. (ed.). 1994. Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats, 5th ed. Wildlife Society, Bethesda, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borgman, L.E., M. Taheri, and R. Hagan. 1984. Three-dimensional, frequency-domain simulations of geologic variables. In G. Verly, M. David, A.G. Journel, and A. Marechal (eds.). Geostatistics for Natural Resources Characterization, Part I. Reidel, Dordrecht.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borgman, L.E., C.D. Miler, S.R. Signerini, and R.C. Faucette. 1994. Stochastic interpolation as a means to estimate oceanic fields. Atmosphere-Ocean. 32(2):395–419.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brownie, C., J.E. Hines, J.D. Nichols, K.H. Pollock, and J.B. Hestbeck. 1993. Capture-recapture studies for multiple strata including non-Markovian transitions. Biometrics 49:1173–1187.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buckland, S.T. 1987. On the variable circular plot method of estimating animal density. Bometrics 43:363–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buckland, S.T., D.R. Anderson, K.P. Burnham, and J.L. Laake. 1993. Distance Sampling: Estimating Abundance of Biological Populations. Chapman and Hall, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnham, K.P. 1993. A theory for combined analysis of ring recovery and recapture data. In J.D. Lebreton, and P.M. North (eds.). Marked Individuals in the Study of Bird Population, pp. 199–214. Birkhäuser-Verlag, Basel, Switzerland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnham, K.P., and D.R. Anderson. 1998. Model Selection and Inference: A Practical Information-Theoretic Approach. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnham, K.P., and W.S. Overton. 1978. Estimation of the size of a closed population when capture probabilities vary among animals. Bometrika 65:625–633.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnham, K.P., D.R. Anderson, and J.L. Laake. 1980. Estimation of density from line transect sampling of biological populations. Wildl. Monograph 72:1–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byth, K. 1982. On robust distance-based intensity estimators. Biometrics 38:127–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carothers. A.D. 1973. The effects of unequal catchability on Jolly-Seber estimates. Biometrics 29: 79–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Canfield, R.H. 1941. Application of the line intercept method in sampling range vegetation. J. Forestry 39:388–394.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caughley, G. 1977. Sampling in aerial survey. J. Wildl. Manage. 41:605–615.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caughley, G., and D. Grice. 1982. A correction factor for counting emus from the air and its application to counts in western Australia. Aust. Wildl. Res. 9:253–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chao, A. 1987. Estimating the population size for capture-recapture data with unequal catchability. Bometrics 43:783–791.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • —. 1988. Estimating animal abundance with capture frequency data. J. Wildl. Manage. 52: 295–300.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1989. Estimating population size for sparse data in capture-recapture experiments. Biometrics 45:427–438.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cochran, W.G. 1977. Sampling Techniques, 3d ed. Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conroy, M.J., J.R. Goldsberry, J.E. Hines, and D.B. Stotts. 1988. Evaluation of aerial transect surveys for wintering American black ducks. J. Wildl. Manage. 52:694–703.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, R.D., and J.O. Jacobson. 1979. A design for estimating visibility bias in aerial surveys. Biometrics 35:735–742.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cressie, N.A.C. 1991. Statistics for Spatial Data. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darroch, J.N. 1958. The multiple recapture census: I. Estimation of a closed population. Biometrika 45:343–359.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dell, R.R., and J.L. Clutter. 1972. Ranked set sampling theory with order statistics background. Biometrics 28:545–555.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deutsch, C.V., and A.G. Journel. 1992. GSLIB Geostatistical Software Library and User’s Guide, Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diggle, P.J. 1983. Statistical Analysis of Spatial Point Patterns. Academic Pr., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drummer, T.D. 1991. SIZETRAN: Analysis of size-biased line transect data. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 19(1): 117–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drummer, T.D., and L.L. McDonald. 1987. Size bias in line transect sampling. Biometrics 43:13–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhardt, L.L. 1978. Transect methods for populations studies. J. Wildl. Manage. 42:1–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1990. Using radio-telemetry for mark-recapture studies with edge effects. J. Appl. Ecol. 27:259–271.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhardt, L.L., and M.A. Simmons. 1987. Calibrating population indices by double sampling. J. Wildl. Manage. 51:665–675.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erickson, W.P., T.L. McDonald, and R. Skinner. 1998. Habitat selection using GIS data: A case study. J. Ag. Biol. Environ. Stat. 3(3):296–310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flowy, T.J., L.D. Mech, and M.E. Nelson. 1979. An improved method of censusing deer in deciduous-coniferous forests. J. Wildl. Manage. 43:258–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaillard, J.M. 1988. Contribution a la Dynamique des Populations de Grands Mammiferes: l’Exemple du Chevreuil (Capreolus capreolus). Dissertation. Universite Lyon I, Villeurbanne, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gasaway, W.C., S.D. DuBois, D.J. Reed, and S.J. Harbo. 1986. Estimating moose population parameters from aerial surveys. Institute of Arctic Biology, Biological Papers of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, No. 22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, R.O. 1987. Statistical Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, R.O., and J.C. Simpson. 1992. Statistical Methods for Evaluating the Attainment of Cleanup Standards. Vol. 3, Reference-Based Standards for Soils and Solid Media. Prepared by Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Battelle Memorial Institute, Richland, WA, for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under a Related Services Agreement with U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC. PNL-7409 Vol. 3, Rev. 1/UC-600.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, A., and R. Bell. 1969. Factors influencing the countability of animals. East African Ag. For. J. 34:38–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grosenbaugh, L.R. 1952. Plotless timber estimates—new, fast, easy. J. For. 50:532–537.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, R.H. 1979. Sampling Design and Statistical Methods for Environmental Biologists. Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guenzel, R.J. 1997. Estimating pronghorn abundance using aerial line transect sampling. Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Cheyenne, WY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hornocker, M.G. 1970. An analysis of mountain lion predation upon mule deer and elk in the Idaho Primitive Area. Wildl. Monogr. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horvitz, G.G., and D.J. Thompson. 1952. A generalization of sampling without replacement from a finite universe. J. American Stat. Assoc. 47: 663–685.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huggins, R.M. 1989. On the statistical analysis of capture experiments. Biometrika 76:133–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1991. Some practical aspects of a conditional likelihood approach to capture experiments. Biometrics 47:725–732.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, G. 1995. A Pilot Golden Eagle Population Study in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, California. Prepared by Predatory Bird Research Group, Univ. California, Santa Cruz, CA, for National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO. Rpt. TP-441-7821.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurlbert, S.H. 1984. Pseudoreplication and the design of ecological field experiments. Ecol. Monogr. 54:187–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isaaks, E.H., and R.M. Srivastava. 1989. An Introduction to Applied Geostatistics, Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D.H. 1980. The comparison of usage and availability measurements for evaluating resource preference. Ecology 61: 65–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D.H. (ed.). 1998. Special Issue: Resource Selection Using Data from Geographical Information Systems (GIS). J. Ag. Biol. Environ. Stat. 3(3).

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, B.K., J. Rogers, A. Chu, P. Flyer, and R. Dorrier. 1989. Methods for Evaluating the Attainment of Cleanup Standards. Vol. 1, Soils and Solid Media. Prepared by WESTAT Research, Inc., Rockville, MD, for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. EPA 230/02-89-042.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, B.K., F.G. Lindzey, and R.J. Guenzel. 1991. Use of aerial line transect surveys to estimate pronghorn populations in Wyoming. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 19:315–321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Journel, A.G., and C.J. Huijbregts. 1978. Mining Geostatistics. Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser, L. 1983. Unbiased estimation in line-intercept sampling. Biometrics 39:965–976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, W.L. 1999. Robustness of closed capture-recapture methods to violations of the closure assumption. Ecology 80:2517–2525.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, W.L., and R. Kerr. Estimating temporary emigration using Pollock’s robust design when the closure assumption is violated. Biometrics (in review).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, W.L., and K.H. Pollock. 1992. The robust design in capture-recapture studies: A review and evaluation by Monte Carlo simulation. In D.R. McCullough, and R.H. Barrett (eds.). Wildlife 2001: Populations, pp. 31–43. Elsevier, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, W.L., J.D. Nichols, and J.E. Hines, 1997. Estimating temporary emigration using capturerecapture data with Pollock’s robust design. Ecology 78:563–578.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kern, J.W. 1997. Data analysis techniques for point prediction and estimation of spatial means. Tech. Res. Work Order Dan Goodman, Dept. of Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. Contract 290801.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krebs, C.J. 1989. Ecological Methodology. Harper and Row, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krige, D.G. 1951. A Statistical Approach to Some Mine Valuation and Allied Problems at the Witwaterstrand. Unpublished masters thesis, University of Witwaterstrand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laake, J.L., K.P. Burnham, and D.R. Anderson. 1979. User’s Manual for Program TRANSECT. Utah State Univ. Press, Logan, Utah. 26 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laake, J.L., S.T. Buckland, D.R. Anderson, and K.P. Burnham. 1993. DISTANCE User’s Guide. Version 2.0. Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancia, R.A., J.D. Nichols, and K.H. Pollock. 1994. Estimating the number of animals in wildlife populations. In T.A. Bookhout (ed.). Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats, pp. 215–253. Wildlife Society, Bethesda, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebreton, J.-D., K.P. Burnham, J. Clobert, and D.R. Anderson. 1992. Modeling survival and testing biolgical hypotheses using marked animals: A unified approach with case studies. Ecol. Monogr. 62:67–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S.-M., and A. Chao. 1994. Estimating population size via sample coverage for closed capturerecapture models. Biometrics 50:88–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lincoln, F.C. 1930. Calculating waterfowl abundance on the basis of banding returns. U.S. Dept. Agric. Circ. 118:1–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ludwig, J.A., and J.F. Reynolds. 1988. Statistical Ecology. Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, H.A., and G.A.F. Seber. 1977. Estimating coverage and particle density using the line intercept method. Biometrika 64:618–622.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manly, B.F.J. 1991. Randomization and Monte Carlo Methods in Biology. Chapman and Hall, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manly, B.F.J., L. McDonald, and D. Thomas. 1993. Resource Selection by Animals: Statistical Design and Analysis for Field Studies. Chapman and Hall, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manly, B.F.J., L. McDonald, and G.W. Garner. 1996. Maximum likelihood estimation for the double-count method with independent observers. J. Ag. Biol. Environ. Stat. 1(2):170–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCullagh, P., and J.A. Nelder. 1983. Generalized linear models. Chapman and Hall, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matheron, G. 1962. Traite de Geostatistique Appliquee, Tome I. Memoires du Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres, No. 14. Editions Technip, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matheron, G. 1971. The theory of regionized variables and its applications. Cahiers du Centre de Morphologie Mathematique, No. 5. Fontainebleau, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, L.L. 1980. Line-intercept sampling for attributes other than cover and density. J. Wildl. Manage. 44:530–533.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, L.L. 1991. Workshop Notes on Statistics for Field Ecology. Western Ecosystems Technology, Inc., Cheyenne, WY.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, L.L., H.B. Harvey, F.J. Mauer, and A.W. Brackney. 1990. Design of aerial surveys for Dall sheep in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska. 7th Biennial Northern Wild Sheep and Goat Symposium. May 14–17, 1990, Clarkston, Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, L.L., M.A. Mullen, and D.P. Young, Jr. 1993. Analysis of Data Collected for an Evaluation of the Effects of Timber-Wildlife Management on Nongame Birds at the Ashland Wildlife Research Area. Final report prepared Missouri Department of Conservation, Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Columbia, MO.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, L.L., W.P. Erickson, and M.D. Strickland. 1995. Survey design, statistical analysis, and basis for statistical inferences in Coastal Habitat Injury Assessment: Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, In P.G. Wells, J.N. Buther, and J.S. Hughes, (eds.). Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: Fate and Effects in Alaskan Waters. ASTM STP 1219. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendenhall, W., L. Ott, and R.L. Scheaffer. 1971. Elementary survey sampling. Duxbury Pr., Belmont, Ca.

    Google Scholar 

  • Menkins, G.E., Jr., and S.H. Anderson. 1988. Estimation of small-mammal population size. Ecology 69:1952–1959.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, S.D., G.C. White, R.A. Sellers, H.V. Reynolds, J.W. Schoen, K. Titus, V.G. Barnes, R.B. Smith, R.R. Nelson, W.B. Ballard, and C.C. Schwartz. 1997. Brown and black bear density estimation in Alsaka using radiotelemetry and replicated mark-resight techniques. Wildl. Monogr. 133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muttlak, H.A., and L.L. McDonald. 1992. Ranked set sampling and the line intercept method: A more efficient procedure. Biomet. J. 34:329–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nichols, J.D., and K.H. Pollack. 1983. Estimation methodology in contemporary small mammal capture-recapture studies. J. Mammal. 64:253–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1990. Separate estimation of recruitment from immigration versus in situ reproduction using Pollock’s robust design. Ecology 71:21–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Otis, D.L., K.P. Burnham, G.C. White, and D.R. Anderson. 1978. Statistical inference from capture data on closed animal populations. Wildl. Monogr. 62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Otis, D.L., L.L. McDonald, and M. Evans. 1993. Parameter estimation in encounter sampling surveys. J. Wildl. Manage. 57:543–548.

    Google Scholar 

  • Overton, W.S., D. White, and D.L. Stevens. 1991. Design Report for EMAP: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program. Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR. EPA/600/3-91/053.

    Google Scholar 

  • Packard, J.M., R.C. Summers, and L.B. Barnes. 1985. Variation of visibility bias during aerial surveys of manatees. J. Wildl. Manage. 49: 347–351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patil, G.P., A.K. Sinha, and C. Taillie. 1993. Relative precision of ranked set sampling: A comparison with the regression estimator. EnvironMetrics. 4:399–412.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petersen, C.G.J. 1896. The yearly immigration of young plaice into the Limfjord from the German Sea. Rep. Dan. Biol. St. (1895) 6:5–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollock, K.H. 1974. The Assumption of Equal Catchability of Animals in Tag-Recapture Experiments. Ph.D. Thesis, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1982. A capture-recapture design robust to unequal probability of capture. J. Wildl. Manage. 46:752–757.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1991. Modeling capture, recapture, and removal statistics for estimation of demographic parameters for fish and wildllife populations: past, present, and future. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 86:225–238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollock, K.H., and W.L. Kendall. 1987. Visibility bias in aerial surveys: A review of estimation procedures. J. Wildl. Manage. 51:502–520.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollock, K.H., and M.C. Otto. 1983. Robust estimation of population size in closed animal populations from capture-recapture experiments. Biometrics 39:1035–1049.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pollock, K.H., J.D. Nichols, C. Brownie, and J.E. Hines. 1990. Statistical inference for capturerecapture experiments. Wildl. Monogr. 107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quang, P.X., and E.F. Becker. 1996. Line transect sampling under varying conditions with application to aerial surveys. Ecology 77(4):1297–1302.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1997. Combining line transect and double count sampling techniques for aerial surveys. J. Ag. Biol. Environ. Stat. 2(2):230–242.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quang, P.X. 1989. A nonparametric approach to size-biased line transect sampling. Draft Report. Dept. Math. Sci., Univ. Alaska, Fairbanks AK 99775.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quang, P.X., and R.B. Lanctot. 1989. A line transect model for aerial surveys [Draft report]. Department of Mathmetics and Science, Univ. Alaska, Fairbanks, AK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramsey, F.L., and J.M. Scott. 1979. Estimating population densities from variable circular plot surveys. In R.M. Cormack, G.P. Patil and D.S. Robson (eds.). Sampling Biological Populations, pp. 155–181. International Co-operative Publishing House, Fairland, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratti, J.T., and E.O. Garton. 1994. Research and experimental design. In T.A. Bookhout (ed.). Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats, pp. 1–23. Wildlife Society, Bethesda, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reed, D.J., L.L. McDonald, and J.R. Gilbert. 1989. Variance of the product of estimates. Draft report. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, AK 99701.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, R.T., J.M. Scott, and R.A. Nussbaum. 1980. A variable circular-plot method for estimating bird numbers. Condor 82(3):309–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rexstad, E., and K. Burnham. 1991. Users Guide for Interactive Program CAPTURE, Abundance Estimation for Closed Populations. Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samuel,.D., E.O. Garton, M.W. Schlegel, and R.G. Carson. 1987. Visibility bias during aerial surveys of elk in northcentral Idaho. J. Wildl. Manage. 51:622–630.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheaffer, R.L., W. Mendenhall, and L. Ott. 1990. Elementary Survey Sampling. PWS-Kent Publishing, Boston, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz, C.J., and Stobo, W.T. 1997. Estimating temporary migration using the robust design. Biometrics 53:178–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seber, G.A.F. 1982. The Estimation of Animal Abundance and Related Parameters, 2d ed. Griffin, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skalski, J.R., M.A. Simmons, and D.S. Robson. 1984. The use of removal sampling in comparative censuses. Ecology 65:1006–1015.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, R., W. Erickson, G. Minick, and L.L. McDonald. September 1997. Estimating Moose Populations and Trends Using Line Transect Sampling. Technical Report Prepared for the USFWS, Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, McGrath, AK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, W. 1979. An oil spill sampling strategy. In R.M. Cormack, G.P. Patil, and D.S. Robson (eds.). Sampling Biological Populations, pp. 355–363. International Co-operative Publishing House, Fairland, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Southwell, C. 1994. Evaluation of walked line transect counts for estimating macropod density. J. Wildl. Manage. 58:348–356.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stokes, S.L. 1986. Ranked set sampling. In S. Kotz, and N.L. Johnson (eds.), C.B. Read (ex. ed.). Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, vol. 7, pp. 585–588. Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strickland, M.D., L. McDonald, J.W. Kern, T. Spraker, and A. Loranger. 1994. Analysis of 1992 Dall’s sheep and mountain goat survey data, Kenai National Wildlife Refuge. Bienn. Symp. Northern Wild Sheep and Mountain Goat Council.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strickland, M.D., W.P. Erickson, and L.L. McDonald. 1996. Avian Monitoring Studies: Buffalo Ridge Wind Resource Area, Minnesota. Prepared for Northern States Power, Minneapolis, MN.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strickland, M.D., D.P. Young, Jr., G.D. Johnson, W.P. Erickson, and C.E. Derby. 1998. Wildlife monitoring studies for the Sea West Windpower Plant, Carbon County, Wyoming. Proceedings of the National Avian-Wind Power Planning Meeting III. National Wind Coordinating Committee, c/o RESOLVE, Inc. Washington, D.C. pp. 55–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, J.W. (ed.). 1979. Wildlife Habitats in Managed Forests: The Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington. U.S. Forest Service, Ag. Handb. 553.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, S.K. 1990. Adaptive cluster sampling. Journal of the American Statistical Association 85:1050–1059.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, S.K. 1992. Sampling. Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, S.K., and G.A.F. Seber. 1996. Adaptive Sampling. Wiley, New York. 265 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, G.C., D.R. Anderson, K.P. Burnham, and D.L. Otis, 1982. Capture-recapture and Removal Methods for Sampling Closed Populations. Rpt. LA-8787-NERP. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolter, K.M. 1984. Investigation of some estimators of variance for systematic sampling. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 79:781–790.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zippen, C. 1958. The removal method of population estimation. J. Wildl. Manage. 22:82–90.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

(2001). Sampling Strategies: Fundamentals. In: Wildlife Study Design. Springer Series on Environmental Management. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21841-6_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21841-6_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-95118-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-21841-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics