Skip to main content

Serodiagnosis of HIV Infection

  • Chapter
AIDS in Africa
  • 226 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Weiss SH, Goedert JJ, Sarngadharan M, et al. Screening test for HTLV-I1I (AIDS agent) antibodies. Specificity, sensitivity, and applications. JAMA, 1985;253:221–225.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kanki PJ, Peeters M and Guèye-Ndiaye A. Virology of HIV-1 and HIV-2: implication for Africa. AIDS, 1997;11(suppl B):S33–S42.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Loussert-Ajakat I, Ly TD, Chaix ML, et al. HIV-1/HIV-2 seronegativity in HIV-1 subtype O infected patients. Lancet, 1994;343:1393–1394.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Schabble C, Zekeng L, Pau CP, et al. Sensitivity of United States HIV antibody tests for detection of HIV-1 group 0 infections. Lancet, 1994;344:1333–1334.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Apetrei C, Loussert-Ajaka I, Descamps D, et al. Lack of screening test sensitivity during HIV-1 non-subtype B seroconversions. AIDS, 1996; 10:F57–F60.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Simon F, Ly TD, Baillou-Beaufils A, et al. Sensitivity of screening kits for anti-HIV-1 group 0 antibodies. AIDS, 1994;8:1628–1629.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Persistent lack of detectable HIV-1 antibody in a person with infection. MMWR, 1996;45:181–185.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Soriano V, Dronda F, Gonzalez-Lopez A, et al. HIV-1 causing AIDS and death in a seronegative individual. Voxsang, 1994;7:410–411.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Simon F, Loussert-Ajaka I, Damond F, et al. HIV type 1 diversity in northern Paris, France. AIDS Res. Hum Retroviruses, 1996;12:1427–1433.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Broodine SK, Mascola JR, Weiss PJ, et al. Detection of diverse HIV-1 genetic subtypes in the USA. Lancet, 1995;346:1198–1199.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Janssens W, Buve A, Nkengasong JN. The puzzle of HIV-1 subtypes in Africa. AIDS, 1997; 11:705–712.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Nicoot T, Rogez S, Denis F. Application en virology humaine des différentes techniques de bilogie moléculaire (Hybridation, amplification génique). Spectra Biol, 1995;95/6:33–51.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Schochetmann G, Epstein J, Zuch T, et al. Serodiagnosis of infection with AIDS virus and other retroviruses. Annu Rev Microbiol, 1989; 43:629–659.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Constantine NT. HIV Antibody Testing. In: Cohen PT, Sande MA, Volberding PA, eds. The AIDS. Knowledge Base, 3rd Ed., Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999;105–112.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Couroucé et le groupe de travail Rétrovirus de la société française de transfusion sanguine: Sensibilité des trousses de dépistage des anticorps anti-VIH. Réévaluation 1999. Transfus Clin Biol, 1999:6:381–394.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Constantine NT, Van Der Groen G, et al. Sensitivity of HIV antibody assays as determined by seroconversion panels. AIDS, 1994; 16:1715–1720.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lee MK, Martin MA, Cho MW. Higher western blot immunoreactivity of glycoprotein 120 from R5 HIV type 1 isolates compared with X4 and X4R5 isolates. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 2000;8:765–775.

    Google Scholar 

  18. World Health Organization. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): proposed WHO criteria for interpreting results from Western blot Assays for HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-I/HTLV-II. Wkly. Epidemiol Rec, 1990;65:281–283.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Schleupner CJ. Detection of HIV-1 infection. In: Mandel, Douglas, Bennett, eds. Principles and. Practice of Infectious Diseases, 3rd Ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1990; 1097.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Janssen RS, Satten GA, Stramer SI et al. New testing strategy to detect early HIV-1 infection for use of incidence estimates and for clinical and prevention purposes. JAMA, 1998;280:42–48.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bélec L. Antigénémie p24 et anticorps anti-p24. In: Techniques virologiques et pratiques cliniques. dans le domaine du SIDA, Bristol-Meyers-Squibb, 1995; 17–28.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Constantine NT. Tests to detect HIV Antigen. In: Cohen PT, Sande MA, Volberding PA, eds. The. AIDS Knowledge Base, 3rd Ed., Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999;105–112.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bélec L, Ripoli L, Matta F, al. Marqueurs biologiques prévionnels d’évolution au cours de l’infection par le virus d’immunodéficience humaine. Ann Biol Clin, 1992;50:621–637.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Nishanian P, Huskins KR, Stehn S, et al. A simple method for improved assay demonstrates that HIV p24 antigen is present as immune complexes in most sera from HIV-infected individuals. J Infect. Dis, 1990; 162:21–28.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Guay LA, Hom DL, Kabengera SR et al. HIV-1 ICD p24 antigen detection in Ugandan infants: use in early diagnosis of infection and as a marker of disease progression. J Med Virol, 2000; 62:426–434.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Schüpbach J, Varnier OE. HIV-1 p24 Antigen-a sensitive and precise, yet inexpensive alternative to PCR for viral DNA or RNA. IAS Newsletter, 2000;15:9–10.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Schüpbach J, Boni J, Tomasisik Z, et al. Sensitive detection and early prognostic significance of p24 antigen in heat-denatured plasma of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected infants: Swiss neonatal HIV study group. J Infect Dis, 1994; 170:318–324.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Ataman-Önal Y, Biron F, Verrier B. Evolution des réactifs de détection des anticorps anti-VIH. Méd. Mal Infect, 1998;28:496–504.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Schüpbach J, Boni I. Quantitative and sensitive detection of immune-complexes and free HIV antigen after boiling of serum. J Virol Methods, 1993;43:247–569.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Srugo I, Yogev R, Brunell P. Antigen requirement for an IgM ELISA to detect early HIV infection. In: Program and abstracts of the International Conference on AIDS; June 16–21, 1991;7:187; Abstract W.B. 2060.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Schüpbach J, Tomasik Z, Boni J, et al. Specificity of HIV-reactive IgM and IgA antibodies in pediatric HIV infection and their diagnostic usefulness. In: Program and abstracts of the Int Conf AIDS; June 16–21, 1991;7:349; Abstract W.C. 3212).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Schüpbach J, Tomasik Z, Jendis J, et al. IgG, IgM, and IgA: Response to HIV in infants born to HIV infected mothers. JAIDS, 1994;7:421–427.

    Google Scholar 

  33. McIntosh K, Comeau AM, Wara D, et al. The utility of IgA antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in early diagnosis of vertically transmitted infection. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 1996; 150:598–602.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Andres H, Boeck C, Brodeck H, et al. The new Cobas Core anti-HIV-1/2 EIA DAGS.II: A highly sensitive assay based entirely on correctly folded HIV antigens. In: Program and abstracts of the Int Conf AIDS; 1998;12:794; Abstract 42108.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Pletcher M, Miguez-Burrbano MJ, Shor-Posner, et al. Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection using an immunoglobulin E-based assay. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 2000;7:55–57.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Miguez-Burbano MJ, Shor-Posner G, Fletcher MA, et al. Immunoglobulin E levels in relationship to HIV-1 disease, route of infection, and vitamin E status. Allergy, 1995;50:157–161.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Kanki PJ, Marlink R, Siby T, et al. Biology of HIV-2 infection in West Africa. In: Papas T, ed. Gene Regulation and AIDS. Saratoga: Portfolio Publishing Company, Incorporated, 1990;255–272.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Essex M, Kanki P. Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2). In: Broder S, Merigan T, Bologenesi D, eds. Textbook of AIDS Medicine. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1994;873–886.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Tedder R, O’Connor T, Hughs A, et al. Envelope cross-reactivity in western blot for HIV-1 and HIV-2 may not indicate dual infection. Lancet, 1988;2:927–930.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Ghys PD, Diallo MO, Ettiegne-Traore V et al. Dual seroreactivity to HIV-1 and HIV-2 in female sex workers in Abijdan, C6te d’ivoire. AIDS, 1995;9:955–988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Hishida O, Ayisi NK, Aidoo M, et al. Serological survey of HIV-1, HIV-2 and human T-cell Leukemia virus type 1 for suspected AIDS cases in Ghana. AIDS, 1994;8:1257–1261.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Pfutzner A, Dietrich U, Von EU, et al. HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in a high-risk population in Bombay, India: evidence for the spread of HIV-2 and presence of a divergent HIV-1 subtype. JAIDS, 1992;5:972–977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Poulsen AG, Aaby P, Larsen 0, et al. 9-year HIV-2 associated mortality in urban community in Bissau, West Africa. Lancet, 1997;349:911–914.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Kanki P, Mboup S, Barin F, et al. The biology of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in Africa. In: Giraldo G, Beth-Girado E, Klumeck N, Gharbi MDR, Kyalwazi SK, Dethé G, eds. AIDS and Associated Cancers in Africa. Basel: Karger, 1988;230–236.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Dieng-Sarr A, Hamel D, Thior I, et al. HIV-1 and HIV-2 dual infection: lack of HIV-2 provirus correlates with low CD4+ lymphocyte counts. In: Program and abstracts of the IX International Conference on AIDS in Africa; December 10–14, 1995; Kampala, Uganda. Abstract TuA137.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Ishika K, Fransen K, Ariyoshi K, et al. Improved detection of HIV-2 proviral DNA in dually seroreactive individuals by PCR. AIDS, 1998;12: 1419–1424.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Kleinman S, Busch MP, Hall L, et al. False-positive HIV-1 results in a low-risk screening setting of voluntary blood donation: Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study. JAMA, 1998;280:1080–1085.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Dwip K, et al. Estimated rate of HIV-1 infection but seronegative blood donations in Bangkok, Thailand. AIDS, 1996;10:1157–1162.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Mortimer PP. Antibody tests: progress and pitfalls. Clin Diagn Virol, 1996;5:131–136.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Tarjan V, Ujhelyi E, Kellner R, et al. Three cases of transient HIV-1 seropositivity observed in 10 years of practice of a national HIV confirmatory laboratory. AIDS, 1998;12:120–121.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Phair J, Hoover D, Huprikar J, et al. The significance of Western blot assays indeterminate for antibody to HIV in a cohort of homosexual/bisexual men. JAIDS, 1992;5:988–992.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Lutz G. Difficulties and strategies of HIV diagnosis. Lancet, 1996;348:176–179.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Cordes RJ, Ryan ME. Pitfalls in HIV testing. Applications and limitations of current tests. Postgrad. Med, 1995;98:177–180, 185–186, 189. Review.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. World Health Organization. Interim proposed for a WHO staging system for HIV infection and disease. Wkly Epidemiol Rec, 1990;65: 221–228.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Tamashiro H, Maskill W, Emmanuel A, et al. Reducing the cost of HIV antibody testing. Lancet, 1993;342:87–90.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. World Health Organization. WHO recommendations for selection and use of HIV antibody tests. Wkly Epidemiol Rec, 1992;20:145–149.

    Google Scholar 

  57. World Health Organization-Joint United Nations program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS): WHO revised recommendations for selection and use of HIV antibody tests. Wkly Epidemiol Rec, 1997;72: 81–86.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Gresenguet G, Tevi-Benissan C, Payan C et al. Stratégie alternative pour le Diagnostic de l’infection par le VIH en Afrique Sub-Saharienne. Intéiçet de la combinaison séquentielle d’un test Elisa et d’un test rapide de 2ème génération. Bull Soc Path. Exo, 1993;86:236–242.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Urassa W, Matunda S, Bredberg-Raden U, et al. Evaluation of the WHO Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV) antibody testing strategy for the diagnosis of HIV infection. Clin Diagn Virol, 1994;2:1–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Carvalho MB, Hamerschlak N, Vaz RS, et al. Risk factor analysis and serological diagnosis of HIV-1/ HIV-2 infection in Brazilian blood donor population: Validation of the World Health Organization strategy for HIV testing. AIDS, 1996;10: 1135–1140.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Stetler HC, Granada TC, Nunez CA, et al. Field evaluation of rapid HIV serologic tests for screening and confirming HIV-1 infection in Honduras. AIDS, 1997; 11.-369–375.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Laleman G, Kambale M, Van Kerckhven I, et al. A simplified and less expensive strategy for confirming anti-HIV-1 screening results in a diagnostic laboratory in Lumbumshi, Zaire. Ann Soc Beige Med. Trop, 1991;71:287–294.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Nkengasong J, Van Kerckhven I, Vercauteren G, et al. Alternative confirmatory strategy for anti-HIV antibody detection. J Virol Methods, 1992;36:159–170.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Brattegaard K, Kouadio J, Adorn ML, et al. Rapid and simple screening and supplemental testing for HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in west Africa. AIDS, 1993;7(6):883–885.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Blaxhult A, Anagrius A, Arneborn M, et al. Evaluation of HIV in Sweden, 1985–1991. AIDS, 1993;7:1625–1631.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Nunn AJ, Biryahwaho B, Downing RG, et al. Algorithms for detecting antibodies to HIV-1: results from a rural Ugandan Cohort. AIDS, 1993;7:1057–1061.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Anderson S, Da Silva Z, Norrgren H, et al. Field evaluation of alternative testing strategies for diagnosis and differentiation of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in an HIV-1 and HIV-2 prevalent area. AIDS, 1997;11:1815–1822.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Urwijitaroon Y, Barusrux S, Romphruk A, et al. Anti-HIV antibody titer: an alternative supplementary test for diagnosis of HIV-1 infection. Asian Pac. J Allergy Immunol, 1997; 15:193–198.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Nkengasong JN, Maurice C, Koblvi S, et al. Field evaluation of a combination of monospecific Enzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent Assays for typespecific diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 infections in HIVseropositive persons in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. J Clin. Microbiol, 1998;36:123–127.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Nkengasong JN, Maurice C, Koblvi S, et al. Evaluation of HIV serial and parallel serologic testing algorithms in Abidjan, C6te d’Ivoire. AIDS, 1999;13:109–117.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Schopper D, Vercauteren G. Testing at Home: What are the issues? AIDS, 1996;10:1455–1456.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Hoelscher M, Riedner G, Hemed Y, et al. Estimating the number of HIV transmissions though reused syringes and needles in the Mbeya region, Tanzania. AIDS, 1994;8:1609–1615.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Major CJ, Read SE, Coates RA, et al. Comparison of saliva and blood for human immunodeficiency virus prevalence testing. J Infect Dis, 1991; 163: 699–702.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Connell JA, Parry JV, Mortimer PP, et al. Novel assay for the detection of immnoglobulin G antihuman immunodeficiency virus in untreated saliva and urine. J Med Virol, 1993;41:159–164.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Coates R, Millson M, Myers T, et al. The benefits of HIV antibody testing of saliva in field research. Can J Public Health, 1991;82:397–398.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Schramm W, Angulo GB, Torres PC, et al. A simple saliva-based test for detecting antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 1999;6(4):577–580.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Archibald DW, Zon L, Groopman JE, et al. Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) in saliva of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients and in persons at risk for AIDS. Blood, 1986;67:831–834.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Major CJ, Read SE, Coates RA, et al. Comparison of saliva and blood for human immunodeficiency virus prevalence testing. J Infect Dis, 1991; 163: 699–702.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. King A, Marison SA, Cook D, et al. Accuracy of a saliva test for HIV antibody. J Acquir Immune Defic. Syndr Hum Retrovirol, 1995;9:172–175.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Gallo D, Georges JR, Fitchen JH, et al. Evaluation of a system using oral mucosal transudate for HIV-1 antibody screening and confirmatory testing. JAMA, 1997;277:254–258.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Urnovitz HB, Murphy WH, Gottfried TD, et al. Urine-based diagnostic technologies. Trends Biotechnol, 1996;14:361–364.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Phillips J, Qureshi N, Barr C, et al. Low level of cellfree virus detected at high frequency in saliva from HIV-1 infected individuals. AIDS, 1994;8:1011–1012.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Urnovitz HB, Clerici M, Shearer GM, et al. HIV-1 antibody serum negativity with urine positivity. Lancet, 1993;342:1458–1459.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Ohya H, Tsukano K, Ichkawa K, et al. ABC-Western blot method to confirm the antibody against HIV-1 in urine samples. In: Program and abstracts of the Int Conf AIDS; July 7–12, 1996;11:294; Abstract Tu.B.2170.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Cassol SA, Read S, Weniger BG, et al. Dried blood spots collected on filter paper: An international resource for diagnosis and genetic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type-1. Mem. Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 1996;91:351–358.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Branson BM. Home sample collection tests for HIV infection. JAMA, 1998;280:1699–1701.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Brodie S, Sax P, et al. Novel approaches to HIV antibody testing. AIDS Clin Care, 1997;9:1–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Bayer R, Stryker J, Smith MD. Testing for HIV at home. N Engl J Med, 1995;332:1296–1299.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Kassler WB. Advances in HIV testing technology and their potential impact on prevention. AIDS. Educ Prev, 1997;9(suppl B):27–40.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Gueye-Ndiaye A, Clark R, Samuel K, et al. Cost-effective diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 by recombinant-expressed env peptide (566/996) dot-blot analysis. AIDS, 1993;7:1411–1417.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Thomas C, Quinn MD. Acute primary HIV infection. JAMA, 1997;278:58–62.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Constantine NT, Callahan J, Watts DM, eds. Retroviral testing: Essentials for quality control and laboratory diagnosis. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Guèye-Ndiaye, A. (2002). Serodiagnosis of HIV Infection. In: Essex, M., Mboup, S., Kanki, P.J., Marlink, R.G., Tlou, S.D., Holme, M. (eds) AIDS in Africa. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47817-X_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47817-X_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-306-46699-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-306-47817-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics