Abstract
Novel and high-performance anode materials based on modified fullerene materials, for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries were developed. The technical feasibility of lithium-ion intercalation and de-intercalation based on the degree of anion or atomic modification of the fullerene was examined. In this approach the fullerene molecule is viewed as a large anchor molecule to which various anion or atoms can be attached to form C 60 A x , where A could be hydrogen. The lithium-ion intercalation and de-intercalation could be driven by the formation of C 60 AxLix. This could result in anode materials with a potential capacity of >1200 mAh/g. Fullerenes (mixed C 60 /C 70 , pure C 60 , and pure C 70 ) and hydrogenated fullerenes, both as thin film and as pasted powdered electrode in solid polymer and liquid electrolyte, were investigated. The results of this investigation demonstrated that (1) capacities of a thin film fullerene electrode in a solid polymer electrolyte were found to be low, corresponding to three lithium ions per fullerene molecule, (2) thin film hydrogenated fullerene electrodes resulted in a significant increase in capacity, and lithium-ion intercalation was found to correspond exactly to the degree of hydrogenation of fullerenes, and (3) only certain hydrogenated fullerenes were, surprisingly, found to be effective as high-performance anode materials in liquid electrolyte. Capacities as high as 1100 mAh/g of hydrogenated fullerenes were achieved. This capacity was again found to correspond to the degree of fullerenes hydrogenation of this specific fullerene. In addition, it was found that hydrogenated fullerenes can be added in small quantities to commercial carbon to significantly reduce the irreversible capacity and improve their reversible capacity.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
M. Sato, T. Idiom, K. Suzuki and K. Fujimoto, Proceedings of the Symposium on Primary and Secondary Lithium Batteries, ESC Proceedings 91–23 (1992) 407.
J. R. Dahn, ‘Designing, Making, and Understanding High Capacity Carbonaceous Anodes for Li-Ion Cells’, ESC Extended Abstract of Battery Divisions, Abstract # 85 (1994).
R. E. Haufler, et al., J. Phys. Chem. 94 (1990) 8634.
T. F. Guarr et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115 (1993) 9862.
P. A. Bruhwiler, et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 214 (1993) 45.
D. Koruga, S. Hameroff, J. Withers, R. O. Loutfy and M. Sundareshan, ‘Fullerene, C 60 : History, Physics, Nanobiology and Nanotechnology’ (Elsevier Science Publishing Co., New York, 1993).
J. C. Withers, R. O. Loutfy and T. P. Lowe, ‘Fullerene Commercial Vision’, Fullerene Sci. Technol. 5(1) (1997) 1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Loutfy, R.O., Katagiri, S. (2002). Fullerene Materials for Lithium-ion Battery Applications. In: Ōsawa, E. (eds) Perspectives of Fullerene Nanotechnology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47621-5_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47621-5_32
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-7174-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-306-47621-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive