Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abrams, R. C., Rosendahl, E., Card, C., & Alexopoulos, G. S. (1994). Personality disorder correlates of late and early onset depression. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 42, 727–731.
Alexopoulos, G. S., Meyers, B. S., Young, R. C., Campbell, S., Silbersweig, D., & Charlson, M. (1997a). “Vascular depression” hypothesis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 915–922.
Alexopoulos, G.S., Meyers, B.S., Young, R.C., Kakuma, T., Silbersweig, D., & Charlson, M. (1997). Clinically defined vascular depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 562–565.
American Heart Association. (1990). Stroke risk factor prediction chart. Dallas: Author.
Awad, I. A,, Spetzler, R. F., Hodak, J. A., Awad, C. A., & Carey, R. (1986). Incidental subcortical lesions identified on magnetic resonance imaging in the elderly: I. Correlation with age and cerebrovascular risk factors. Stroke, 17, 1084–1089.
BaIdwin, R.C., & Tomenson, B. (1995). Depression in later life: A comparison of symptoms and risk factors in early-and late-onset cases. British Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 649–652.
Broadhead, W. E., Blazer, D. G., George, T. K., & Tse, C. K. (1990). Depression, disability days, and days lost from work in a prospective epidemiological survey. Journal of the American Medical Association, 264, 2524–2528
Bush, T. L., Miller, S. R., Criqui, M. H., & Barret-Connor, E. (1990). Risk factors for morbidity and mortality in older populations: An epidemiologic approach. In W. R. Hazzard, E. L. R. Andres, E. L. Bierman, & J. P. Blass (Eds.), Principles of geriatric medicine and gerontology (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Caine, E.D., & Joynt, R. J. (1986). Neuropsychiatry... again. Archives of Neurology, 43, 325–327.
Caine, E.D., & Lyness, J. M. (2000). Cognitive disorders and secondary syndromes. In H. I. Kaplan & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry (7th ed.). Baltimore: Williams, Lippincott & Wilkins.
Caine, E. D., Lyness, J. M., & King, D. A.(1993). Reconsidering depression in the elderly. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1, 4–20.
Castano, A., Ayala, A., Rodriguez-Gomez, J. A., Herrera, A. J.,. Cano, J., & Machado, A. (1997). Low selenium diet increases the dopamine turnover in prefrontal cortex of the rat. Neurochemistry International, 30, 549–555.
Cohen-Mansfield, J., & Marx, M.S.(1993). Pain and depression in the nursing home: Corroborating results. Journal of Gerontology, 48, P96–P97.
Costa, P.T., Jr., & McCrae, R.R. (1987). Neuroticism, somatic complaints, and disease: Is the bark worse than the bite? Journal of Personality, 55, 299–316.
Crestani, F., Suguy, F., & Dantzer, R. (1991). Behavioral effects of peripherally injected interleukin-1: Role of prostaglandins. Brain Research, 542, 330–335.
del Cerro, S., & Borrell, J. (1990). Interleukin-1 affects the behavioral despair responses in rats by an indirect mechanism which requires endogenous CRF. Brain Research 528, 162–164.
Dinarello, C. A.(1996). Biologic basis for interleukin-1 in disease. Blood, 87, 2095–2147.
Dinarello, C. A., & Wolff, S. M. (1993). The role of interleukin-1 in disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 328,106–113.
Duberstein, P. R., Seidlitz, L., Lyness, J. M., & Conwell, Y. (1999). Dimensional measures and the five factor model: Clinical implications and research directions. In E. Rosowsky, R. C. Abrams, & R. A. Zwei (Eds.), Personality disorders in older adults: Emerging issues in diagnosis and treatment. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Dyken, M. L., Wolf, P. A., Barnett, H. J. M., Bergan, J. J., Hass, W. K., Kannel, W. B., Kuller, L., Kurtzke, J. F., & Sundt, T. M. (Eds.). (1985). Risk factors for stroke. In A statement for physicians by the Subcommittee on Risk Factors and Stroke of the Stroke Council. (Reprint No. 71-022-A). Dallas: American Heart Association.
Evans, A. S. (1978). Causation and disease: A chronological journey. American Journal of Epidemiology, 108, 249–258.
Fava, M., Abraham, M., Pava, J., Shuster, J., & Rosenbaum, J. (1996). Cardiovascular risk factors in depression. The role of anxiety and anger. Psychosomatics, 37,31–37.
Felten, D.L, Felten, S. Y., Steece-Collier, K., Date, I., & Clemens, J. A. (1992). Age-related decline in the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system: The oxidative hypothesis and protective strategies. Annals of Neurology, 32, S133–S136.
Ford, D. E., Mead, L. A., Chang, P. P., Cooper-Patrick, L., Wang, N.-Y., & Klag, M. J. (1998). Depression is a risk factor for coronary artery disease in men: The Precursors study. Archivesof Internal Medicine, 158, 1422–1426.
Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., & Talajic, M. (1993). Depression following myocardial infarction. Impact on 6-month survival. Journal of the American Medical Association, 270, 1819–1825.
Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., & Talajic, M. (1995a). Depression and 18-month prognosis after myocardial infarction. Circulation, 91, 999–1005.
Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., & Talajic, M. (1995b). The impact of negative emotions on prognosis following myocardial infarction: Is it more than depression? Health Psychology, 14, 388–398.
Glassman, A.H., & Shapiro, P.A. (1998). Depression and the course of coronary artery disease. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 4–11.
Greenwald, B.S., Kramer-Ginsberg, E., Krishnan, K.R., Ashtari, M., Auerbach, C., & Patel, M. (1998). Neuroanatomic localization of magnetic resonance imaging signal hyperintensities in geriatric depression. Stroke, 29, 613–617.
Greenwald, B.S., Kramer-Ginsberg, E., Krishnan, K.R.R., Ashtari, M., Aupperle, P.M., & Patel, M. (1996). MRI signal hyperintensities in geriatric depression. American Journal of psychiatry, 153, 1212–1215.
Gudelsky, G.A. (1996). Effect of ascorbate and cysteine on the 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced depletion of brain serotonin. Journal of Neural Transmission, 103, 1397–1404.
Gullette, E. C. D., Blumenthal, J. A., Babyak, M., Jiang, W., Waugh, R. A., Frid, D. J., O’Connor, C. M., Morris, J. J., & Krantz, D.S. (1997). Effects of mental stress on myocardial ischemia during daily life. Journal of the American Medical Association, 277, 1521–1526.
Guralnik, J.M., & Simonsick, E.M. (1993). Physical disability in older Americans. Journal of Gerontology, 48 (Special Issue), 3–10.
Hayward, C. (1995). Psychiatric illness and cardiovascular disease risk. Epidemiology Review, 17,129–138.
Heckhausen, J., & Schulz, R. (1995). A life-span theory of control. Psychological Review, 102, 284–304.
Hippisley-Cox, J., Fielding, K., & Pringle, M. (1998). Depression as a risk factor for ischaemic heart disease in men: Population based case-control study. British Medical Journal, 316, 1714–1719.
Katon, W., & Schulberg, H.(1992). Epidemiology of depression in primary care. General Hospital Psychiatry, 14, 237–247.
Katz, I.R. (1996). On the inseparability of mental and physical health in aged persons: Lessons from depression and medical comorbidity. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 4, 1–16.
Kendler, K.S., Neale, M. C., MacLean, C. J., Heath, A.C., Eaves, L. J., & Kessler, R.C. (1993). Smoking and major depression. A causal analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 36–43.
Kennedy, G.J., Kelman, H.R., & Thomas, C. (1990). The emergence of depressive symptoms in late life: The importance of declining health and increasing disability. Journal of Community Health, 25, 93–104.
King, D. A.,. Caine, E. D., Conwell, Y., & Cox, C. (1991). Predicting severity of depression in the elderly at six-month follow-up: A neuropsychological study. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 3, 64–66.
King, D. A., Cox, C., Lyness, J. M., & Caine, E. D. (1995). Neuropsychological effects of depression and age in an elderly sample: A confirmatory study. Neuropsychology, 9, 399–408.
King, D. A., Cox, C., Lyness, J. M., Conwell, Y. C., & Caine, E. D. (1998). Quantitative and qualitative differences in the verbal learning performance of elderly depressives and healthy controls. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 4, 115–126.
Krishnan, K. R. (1991). Organic bases of depression in the elderly. Annual Review of Medicine, 42, 261–266.
Krishnan, K. R., Hays, J. C., & Blazer, D. G. (1997). MRI-defined vascular depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 497–501.
Krueger, J. M., Walter, J., Dinarello, C. A., Wolff, S. M., &. Chedid, L. (1984). Sleep-promoting effects of endogenous pyrogen (interleukin-1). American Journal of Physiology, 246, R994–R999.
Kumar, A., Miller, D., Ewbank, D., Yousem, D., Newberg, A., Samuels, S., Cowell, P., & Gottlieb, G. (1997). Quantitative anatomic measures and comorbid medical illness in late-life major depression. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 5, 15–25.
Kumar, A., Schweizer, E., Zhisong, J., Miller, D., Bilker, W., Swan, L. L., & Gottlieb, G. (1997). Neuroanatomical substrates of late-life minor depression. A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of Neurology, 54, 613–617.
Littlefield, C. H., Rodin, G. M., Murray, M. A., & Craven, J. L. (1990). Influence of functional impairment and social support on depressive symptoms in persons with diabetes. Health Psychology, 9, 737–749.
Lopes-Virella, M. F., & Virella, G. (1990). Immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In C. L. Malmendier, P. Alaupovic, H. Brewer (Eds.), Hypercholesterolemia, hypocholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia (pp. 383–392). New York: Plenum Press.
Luster, A. D. (1998). Chemokines-chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation. New England Journal of Medicine, 338, 436–445.
Lustman, P. J., Griffith, L. S., Gavard, J. A., & Clouse, R. E. (1992). Depression inadults with diabetes. Diabetes Care, 15, 1631–1639.
Lyness, J. M., & Caine, E. D. (1997). Secondary mood disorders: Terminology and determination of causality. In J. M. Lyness (Guest Ed.), Affective Disorders Arising from Medical Conditions, Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 2, 228–231.
Lyness, J. M., Caine, E. D., Cox, C., King, D. A., Conwell, Y., & Olivares, T. (1998). Cerebrovascular risk factors and later life major depression: Testing a small vessel brain disease model of pathogenesis. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 6, 5–13.
Lyness, J. M., Caine, E. D., King, D. A., Conwell, Y., Cox, C., & Duberstein, P. R. (1999). Cerebrovascular risk factors and depression in older primary care patients. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 7, 252–258.
Lyness, J. M., Duberstein, P. R., King, D. A., Cox, C., & Caine, E. D. (1998c). Medical illness burden, trait neuroticism, and depression in older primary care patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 969–971.
Lyness, J. M., King, D. A., Cox, C., Yoediono, Z., & Caine, E. D. (1999). The importance of subsyndromal depression in older primary care patients. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 47, 647–652.
Maes, M., Bosmans, E., Meltzer, H. Y., Scharpe, S., & Suy, E. (1993). Interleukin-18: A putative mediator of HPA axis hyperactivity in major depression? American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 1189–1193.
Maes, M., Vandoolaeghe, E., Ranjan, R., Bosmans, E., Bergmans, R., & Desnyder, R. (1995). Increased serum interleukin-1 receptor-antagonist concentrations in major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 36, 29–36.
Massy, Z. A., & Keane, W. F. (1996). Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Seminars in Nephrology, 16, 12–20.
Meyerson, R. A., Richard, I. H., & Schiffer, R. B. (1997). Mood disorders secondary to demyelinating and movement disorders. In J. M. Lyness (Guest Ed.), Affective Disorders Arising from Medical Conditions, Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 2, 252–264.
Miyawaki, E., & Salzman, C. (1991). Autonomic nervous system tests in psychiatry: Implications and potential uses of heart rate variability. Integrated Psychiatry, 7, 21–28.
Moritz, D. J., & Ostfeld, A. M. (1990). The epidemiology and demographics of aging. In W. R. Hazzard, E. L. R. Andres, E. L. Bierman, & J. P. Blass (Eds.), Principles of geriatric medicine and gerontology (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.
Musselman, D. L., Evans, D. L., & Nemeroff, C. B. (1998). The relationship of depression to cardiovascular disease. Epidemiology, biology, and treatment. Archivesof General Psychiatry, 55, 580–592.
National Center for Health Sciences. (1992). Vital statistics of the United States, 1989: Vol. II. Mortality, Part B (DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 92–1002). Washington DC: Public Health Service.
NIH Consensus Development Panelon Depression in LateLife. (1992). Diagnosis and treatment of de-pression in late life. Journal of the American Medical Association, 268, 1018–1024.
Oxman, T. E., & Hull, J. G. (1997). Social support, depression, and activities of daily living in older hearts surgery patients. Journalof Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 52B, P1–P14.
Pantoni, L. & Garcia, J. H. (1997). Pathogenesis of leukoaraiosis: A review. Stroke, 28, 652–659.
Parmelee, P. A., Katz, I. R., & Lawton, M. P. (1991). The relation of pain to depression among institution-alized aged. Journal of Gerontology, 46, P15–P21.
Parmelee, P. A., Katz, I. R., & Lawton, M. P. (1992). Depression and mortality among institutionalized ages. Journal of Gerontology, 47, P3–P10.
Penninx, B. W. J. H., Guralnik, J. M., Mendes de Leon, C. F., Pahor, M., Visser, M. Corti, M.-C., & Wallace, R. B. (198). Cardiovascular events and mortality in newly and chronically depressed persons >70 years of age. American Journal of Cardiology, 81, 988–994.
Plata-Salaman, C. (1988). Food in take suppression by immunomodulators. Neuroscience Research, 3, 159–165.
Popkin, M. K., & Andrews, J. E. (1997). Mood disorders secondary to systemic medical conditions. In J. M. Lyness (Guest Ed.), Affective Disorders Arising from Medical Conditions, Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 2, 296–306.
Porsteinsson, A. P., Tariot, P. N., & Schneider, L. S. (1997). Mood disturbances in Alzheimer’s disease. In J. M. Lyness (Guest Ed.), Affective Disorders Arising from Medical Conditions, Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 2, 265–275.
Rabins, P. V., Pearlson, G. D., Aylward, E., Kumar, A. J., & Dowell, K. (1991). Cortical magnetic resonance imaging changes in elderly inpatents with major depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 617–620.
Robinson, R. G. (1997). Mood disorders secondary tostroke. In J. M. Lyness (Guest ed.), Affective Disorders Arising from Medical Conditions, Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 2, 244–251.
Romanoski, A. J., Folstein, M.F., Nestadt, G., Chahal, R., Merchant, A., Brown, C.H., Greenberg, E.M., & McHugh, P.R. (1992). The epidemiology of psychiatrist-ascertained depression and DSM-IIIde-pressive disorders: Results from the Eastern Baltimore Mental Health Survey Clinical Reappraisal. Psychological Medicine, 22, 629–655.
Ross, R. (1995). Arteriosclerosis, an overview. In E. Haber (Ed.), Molecular cardiovascular medicine (pp. 11–30). New York Scientific American.
Sapolsky, R., Rivier, C., Yamamoto, G., Plotsky, P. & Vale, W. (1987). Interleukin-1 stimulates the secretion of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor. Science, 238, 522–524.
Schapira, A. H. (1997). Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Baillieres Clinical Neurology, 6, 15–36.
Schleifer, S. J., Macari-Hinson, M. M., Coyle, D. A., Slater, W. R., Kahn, M., Gorlin, R., & Zucker, H. D. (1989). The nature and course of depression following myocardial infarction. Archives of lnternal Medicine, 149, 1785–1789.
Schneider, L. S., Zemansky, M. F., Bender, M., & Sloane, R. B. (1992). Personality in recovered depressed elderly. International Psychogeriatrics, 4, 177–185.
Schulz, R., Heckhausen, J., & O’Brien, A. (1994). Control and the disablement process in the elderly. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 9, 139–152.
Sinclair, P., Lyness, J. M., Cox, C., Conwell, Y., King, D. A., & Caine, E. D. (submitted). Depression and examiner-rated versus self-reported functional disability in older primary care patients.
Smith, D. M., & Atkinson, R. M. (1997). Mood disorders secondary to drugs and pharmacologic agents. In J. M. Lyness (Guest Ed.), Affective Disorders Arising from Medical Conditions, Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 2, 285–295.
Upadhyaya, A. K., Abou-Saleh, M. T., Wilson, K., Grime, S. J., & Critchley, M. (1990). A study of depression in old age using a single-photon emission computerized tomography. British Journal of Psychiatry, 157(Suppl. 9), 76–81.
Wells, K. B., Rogers, W. Burman, M. A., & Camp, P. (1993). Course of depression in patients with hypertension, myocardial infarction, or insulindependent diabetes. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 633–638.
Wells, K. B., Stewart, A., Hays, R. D., Burman, M. A., Rogers, W., Daniels, M., Barry, S., Greenfield, S., & Ware, J. (1989). The functioning and well-being of depressed patients: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 262, 914–919.
Williams, M. E. (1990). Why screen for functional disability in elderly persons? Annals of Internal Medicine, 112, 639–640.
Williamson, G. M., & Schulz, R. (1992). Pain, activity restriction, and symptoms of depression among community-residing elderly adults. Journal of Gerontology, 47, P367–P372.
Williamson, G. M., & Schulz, R. (1995). Activity restriction mediates the association between pain and depressed affect: A study of younger and older adult cancer patients. Psychology and Aging, 10, 369–378.
Zalcman, S., Green-Jonson, J. M., Murray, L. Nance, D. M., Dyck, D., Anisman, H., & Greenberg, A. H. (1994). Cytokine-specific central monoamine attraction induced by interleukin −1, −2, and −6. Brain Research, 643, 40–49.
Ziegelstein, R. C., Bush, D. E., & Fauerbach, J. A. (1998). Depression, adherence behavior, and coronary disease outcomes. Archives of Internal Medicine, 158, 808–809.
Zubenko, G. S., Sullivan, P, Nelson, J. P., Belle, S. H., Huff, F. S., & Wolf, G. L. (1990). Brain imaging abnormalities in mental disorders of late life. Archives of Neurology, 47, 1107–1111.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lyness, J.M., Caine, E.D. (2002). Vascular Disease and Depression. In: Williamson, G.M., Shaffer, D.R., Parmelee, P.A. (eds) Physical Illness and Depression in Older Adults. The Plenum Series in Social/Clinical Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47178-7_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47178-7_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-306-46269-6
Online ISBN: 978-0-306-47178-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive