Skip to main content

An Algicide Using Anionic Polymers to Sequester and Stabilize Copper in an Oxidizing Aqueous Environment

  • Chapter
Book cover Advances in Crystal Growth Inhibition Technologies
  • 437 Accesses

Conclusion

The copper ion is a well known and effective algicide, but has some performance issues related to known swimming pool water parameters. The various performance tests for copper persistence, chlorine stability in the presence of copper, stain propensity, and acute toxicity demonstrate that the Cu-PA is an improvement over the Cu-TEA formula and copper sulfate alone, These desirable performance improvements should allow people to use Cu-PA in conjunction with chlorine as a swimming pool algae treatment with reduced risk of surface staining.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. B. Domogalla, Killing algae in water with copper alkanolamine salts. U. S. Patent No. 2,734,028. (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  2. R.K. Raman and B.C. Cook, Guidelines for applying copper sulfate as an algicide: Lake Loami field Study, Illinois Dept. of Energy and Natural Resources. (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  3. P.K. Mitchell, The Proper Management of Pool and Spa Water, Hydrotech Chemical Corp., Marietta, Ga (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  4. D.E. Seymour, G.A. Seymour and M.J. Jaber, Method of preparing a copper complex for use as an algaecide. U. S. Patent No. 4,324,578. (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  5. J.A. Swader and W.Y. Chan, Citric acid enhancement of copper solubility and toxicity in bicarbonate solutions, Pest. Biochem. Phys. 5:405 (1975).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S.K. Chatterjee, F.H. Rajabi, B.V. Farahani, and N. Chatterjee, Investigations of polyelectrolyte-transition metal ion association in mixed solvents, Polymer Bull. 27: 179 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. W.M. Hann and S.T. Robertson, Control of iron and silica with polymeric dispersants, International Water Conference Technical Paper Number IWC-90-29. (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  8. I. Brase and J. Belcher, Laboratory development of novel multi-functional polymers for cooling water use, Cooling Tower Institute Technical Paper Number TP91-09. (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  9. R.W. Zuhl and Z. Amjad, The role of polymers in water treatment applications and criteria for comparing alternatives, Association of Water Technologies Technical Paper A WT-F-93. (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Environmental Protection Agency, Guidelines for registering Pesticides in the U.S. (Pesticides Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision F, Hazards Evaluation: Human and Domestic Animals, Section 81-1.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Environmental Protection Agency, Guidelines for registering Pesticides in the U.S. (Pesticides Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision F, Hazards Evaluation: Human and Domestic Animals, Section 81-2.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Environmental Protection Agency, Guidelines for registering Pesticides in the US. (Pesticides Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision F, Hazards Evaluation: Human and Domestic Animals, Section 81-4.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Environmental Protection Agency, Guidelines for registering Pesticides in the US. (Pesticides Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision F, Hazards Evaluation: Human and Domestic Animals, Section 81-5.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticide Label Review Manual (1996).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Garris, J.P. (2002). An Algicide Using Anionic Polymers to Sequester and Stabilize Copper in an Oxidizing Aqueous Environment. In: Amjad, Z. (eds) Advances in Crystal Growth Inhibition Technologies. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46924-3_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46924-3_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-306-46499-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-306-46924-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics