Abstract
During the last six years, surfactant solutions have been developed to dissolve or mobilize different NAPL types. These solutions were made with anionic surfactants and alcohols, as well as solvents in some cases. Laboratory and field tests were performed using these solutions to recover residual NAPL in sediments and etched-glass micromodels. Surfactant washing experiments were done on: (1) small sand columns (110g); (2) a large sand column (65 kg); (3) an etched glass micromodel and; (4) a test plot in an aquifer contaminated with a complex mixture of DNAPL. Washing experiments were applied to the recovery of diesel, Aroclor 1248, and a complex DNAPL mixture. Lab and field experiments show that it is possible to recover more than 90% of residual NAPL with less than 6 pore volumes of a concentrated washing solution. Recovery mechanisms depend on: (1) NAPL type, (2) micellar solution type (alcohol/surfactant or alcohol/surfactant/solvent), (3) ingredient concentrations in the micellar solution, (4) washing direction (upward, downward, horizontal), (5) injection/pumping pattern, and (6) injection velocity.
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© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
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Martel, R. et al. (2002). Laboratory and Field Soil Washing Experiments with Surfactant Solutions. In: Tedder, D.W., Pohland, F.G. (eds) Emerging Technologies in Hazardous Waste Management 8. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46921-9_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46921-9_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
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