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Viral Infections

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MR Imaging and Spectroscopy of Central Nervous System Infection

Abstract

Involvement of the CNS due to viral infection has tremendous importance because of the potential for death and neurologic damage. These viruses display tissue tropism and cause illness with a characteristic temporal course. Viral infections of the CNS may present as meningitis, encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, or meningoencephalomyelitis or myelitis with or without radiculitis. Depending on the duration of the illness, it is labeled as acute (days) or chronic when it evolves over weeks. Another way to classify viral infection of the CNS is based on the pathogenesis. The encephalitis that results from direct viral entry into the CNS is referred to as primary encephalitis. However, subsequent damage may occur as a consequence of host immune response, but invasion by the pathogen initiates the CNS damage. An encephalitis temporally associated with a systemic viral infection without evidence of direct viral invasion in the CNS is referred to as postinfectious or parainfectious encephalitis (1). Primary encephalitis will be discussed in the present chapter and parainfectious encephalitis and HIV encephalitis will be discussed separately in later chapters.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India

    Rakesh K. Gupta

  2. Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1721, USA

    Robert B. Lufkin

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  1. Rakesh K. Gupta
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India

    Rakesh K. Gupta M.D. (Additional Professor) (Additional Professor)

  2. Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA

    Robert B. Lufkin M.D. (Professor) (Professor)

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Gupta, R.K., Lufkin, R.B. (2001). Viral Infections. In: Gupta, R.K., Lufkin, R.B. (eds) MR Imaging and Spectroscopy of Central Nervous System Infection. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46844-1_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46844-1_4

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