Abstract
Adaptive regulation and modulation by phosphorylation are mechanisms by which some cells control taurine transport. Goldfish and rat retinal cells were incubated with the activator of protein kinase C, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), or the inhibitor of protein phosphatases, okadaic acid (OKA). OKA, 1 nM, inhibited the uptake of taurine at short period of incubation in goldfish retinal cells, and at low concentrations in rat retinal cells incubated with the inhibitor for 1 h. PDBu treatment did not produce significant effects. Isolated Muller cells from the goldfish retina presented a clear adaptive regulation and a decrease of taurine uptake by increasing phosphorylation either by the stimulation of PKC with PDBu or the inhibition of phosphatases with OKA.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Brandsch, M., Miyamoto, Y., Ganapathy, V. and Leibach, F.H., 1993, Regulation of taurine transport in human colon carcinoma cell lines (HT-29 and Caco-2) by protein kinase C. Am. J. Physiol. 264:G939–946.
Cohen, P., 1989, The structure and regulation of protein phosphatases. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 58:453–508.
Conradt, M. and Stoffel, W., 1997, Inhibition of the high-affinity brain glutamate transporter GLAST-1 via direct phosphorylation. J. Neurochem. 68: 1244–1251.
Corey, J.L., Davidson, N., Lester, H.A., Brecha, N. and Quick, M.W., 1994, Protein kinase C modulates the activity of a cloned gamma-amino butyric and transporter expressed in Xenopus oocytes via regulated subcellular redistribution of the transporter. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 14759–14767.
Glantz, S.A., 1988, Primer of Biostistics, McGrall-Hill, New York.
Goureau, O., Hicks, D., Courtois, Y. and De Kozak, Y., 1994, Induction and regulation of nitric oxide synthase in retinal Muller glial cells. J. Neurochem., 63:310–311
Guerra, A., Urbina, M. and Lima, L., 1999, Modulation of taurine uptake in the goldfish retina and axonal transport to the tectum. Effect of optic crush or axotomy. (in press).
Han, X., Budreau, A.M. and Chesney, R.W., 1997, Functional expression of rat renal cortex taurine transporter in Xenopus laevis oocytes adaptive regulation by dietary manipulation. Pediatr. Res. 41: 624–631.
Han, X., Budreau, A.M. and Chesney, R.W., 1998, Molecular cloning and hnctional expression of an LLC-PK1 cell taurine transporter that is adaptively regulated by taurine. Taurine 3, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 442:261–268.
Hortelano, S., Genaro, A.M. and Bosca, L., 1992, Phorbol esters induce nitric oxide synthase activity in rat hepatocytes. Antagonism with the induction elicited by lipopolysaccharide. J. Biol. Chem. 267:24937–24940.
Ingoglia, N.A., Sturman, J.A., Lindquist, T.D. and Gaull, G.E., 1976, Axonal migration of taurine in the goldfish visual system. Brain Res. 115:535–539.
Iwata, H., Obara, T., Kim, B.K. and Baba, A,, 1986, Regulation of taurine transport in rat skeletal muscle. J. Neurochem. 47:158–163.
Jayanthi, L.D., Ramamoorthy, S., Mahesh, V.B., Leibach, F.H. and Ganapathy, V., 1995, Substrate-specific regulation of the taurine transporter in human placental choriocarcinoma cells (JAR). Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1235:351–360.
Jones, D.P., Miller, L.A. and Chesney, R.Q., 1990. Adaptive regulation of taurine transport in two continuos renal epithelial cell lines. Kidney Int. 38: 219–226.
Jones, D.P., Jiang, B. and Chesney, R.W., 1994, Regulation of taurine transport by external taurine concentration and medium osmolality in renal tubular cells in culture, in Taurine inn Health and Disease, Vol. 359 (Huxtable R.J. and Michalk D. eds), 131–138, Plenum Press, New York.
Jones, D.P., Miller, L.A. and Chesney, R.W., 1995, The relative roles of external taurine concentration and medium osmolality in the regulation of taurine transport in LLC-PK1i and MDCK cells. Pediatr. Res. 37:227–232.
Lake, N., 1988, Taurine depletion leads to loss of rat optic nerve axons. Vision Res. 28:1071–1076.
Lake, N. and Verdone-Smith, C., 1989, Immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the mammalian retina. Curr. Eye Res. 8:163–173.
Lima, L., Matus, P. and Drujan, B., 1988, Taurine effect on neuritic outgrowth from goldfish retinal explants. Int. J. Develop. Neurosci. 6:417–420.
Lima, L., Matus, P. and Drujan, B., 1991, Differential taurine uptake in central and peripheral regions of goldfish retina. J. Neurosci. Res. 28:422–427.
Lima, L., Matus, P. and Drujan B., 1993, Taurine-induced regeneration of goldfish retina in culture may involve a calcium-mediated mechanism. J. Neurochem. 60: 2153–2158.
Lima, L. and Cubillos, S., 1998, Taurine might be acting as a trophic factor in the retina by modulating phosphorylation of cellular proteins. J. Neurosci. Res. 53:377–384.
Lima, L., Obregón, F., and Matus, P., 1998, Taurine, glutamate and GABA modulate the outgrowth from goldfish retinal explants and its concentrations are affected by the crush ofthe optic nerve. Amino acids 15:195–209.
Malandro, M.S., Beveridge, M.J., Kilberg, M.S. and Novak, D.A., 1996, Effect of low-protein diet-induced intrauterine growth retardation on rat placental amino acid transport. Am. J. Physiol. 271:C295–303.
Matus, P., Cubillos, S. and Lima, L., 1997, Differential effect of taurine and serotonin on the outgrwoth from explants or isolated cells of the retina. Int. J. Develop. Neurosci. 15:785–793.
Mollerup, J. and Lambert, I.H., 1996, Phosphorylation is involved in the regulation of the taurine influx via the β-system in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. J. Membr. Biol. 150:73–82.
Norberg, S., Powell, T.L. and Jansson, T., 1998, Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with a reduced activity of placental taurine transporters. Pediatr. Res. 44:233–238
Oja, S.S. and Saransaari, P., 1996, Kinetic analysis of taurine influx into cerebral cortical slices from adult and developing mice in different incubation conditions. Neurochem. Res. 21:161–166.
Pan, M. and Stevens, B.R., 1995, Protein kinase C-dependent regulation of L-arginine transport activity in Caco-2 intestinal cells. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1239:27–32.
Politis, M.J. and Ingloglia, N.A., 1979, Axonal transport of taurine along neonatal and young adult rat optic axons. Brain Res. 166:221–231.
Saransaari, P. and Oja, S.S., 1994, Taurine in the developing cat: uptake and release in different brain areas. Neurochem. Res. 19:77–82.
Sato, K., Adams, R., Betz, H. and Schloss, P. 1995, Modulation of a recombinant glycine transporter (GLYT1 b) by activation of protein kinase C. J. Neurochem. 65:1967–1973.
Schmidt, S.Y., 1978, Taurine fluxes in isolated cat and rat retinas: effects of illumination. Exp. Eye Res. 26: 529–535.
Schmidt, S.Y., and Berson, E.L., 1978, Taurine uptake in isolated retinas of normal rats and rats with hereditary retinal degeneration. Exp. Eye Res. 27: 191–198.
Sturman, J.A., Moretz, R.C., Frech, J.H., and Wisnewski, H.M., 1985. Postnatal taurine deficiency in the kittens results in a persistance of the cerebellar external granule cell layer: correction by taurine feeding. J. Neurosci. Res. 13:521–528.
Tchomkeu-Nzouessa, G.C. and Rebel, G., 1996, Activation of protein kinase C down-regulates glial but not neuronal taurine uptake. Neurosci. Lett. 206:61–64.
Tchomkeu-Nzouessa, G.C. and Rebel, G., 1996, Characterization of taurine transport in human glioma GL15 cell line: regulation by protein kinase C. Neuropharmacology 35:37–44.
Thiruppathi, C., Brandsch, M., Miyamoto, Y., Ganapathy, V. and Leibach, F.H., 1992, Constitutive expression of taurine transporter in a human colon carcinoma cell line. Am. J. Physiol. 263:G625–631.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lima, L., Cubillos, S., Guerra, A. (2002). Regulation of High Affinity Taurine Transport in Goldfish and Rat Retinal Cells. In: Della Corte, L., Huxtable, R.J., Sgaragli, G., Tipton, K.F. (eds) Taurine 4. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 483. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46838-7_48
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46838-7_48
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-306-46447-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-306-46838-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive