Advertisement

Collective Evolutionary Dynamics and Spatial Reciprocity under the N-Person Snowdrift Game

  • Marta D. Santos
  • Francisco C. Santos
  • Jorge M. Pacheco
Conference paper
Part of the Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering book series (LNICST, volume 87)

Abstract

The evolution of cooperation has been gathering increasing attention during the last decades. Most of the times, cooperative behavior involves more than two individuals, and the N-person Prisoner’s Dilemma, which is the most studied generalized social dilemma in this context, not always manages to capture those situations that often occur to humans. In such cases, the N-person Snowdrift Game (NSG) often provides an adequate alternative. Here we show, making use of the NSG, how spatial populations affect the average levels of cooperation, when compared with the results obtained under conventional evolutionary game theory, that is, for well-mixed populations.

Keywords

Cooperation Evolution Evolutionary Game Theory Diversity 

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. 1.
    Maynard-Smith, J., Szathmáry, E.: The Major Transitions in Evolution. Freeman, Oxford (1995)Google Scholar
  2. 2.
    Maynard-Smith, J.: Evolution and the Theory of Games. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1982)CrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Hofbauer, J., Sigmund, K.: Evolutionary Games and Population Dynamics. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge (1998)CrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Axelrod, R., Hamilton, W.D.: The evolution of cooperation. Science 211(4489), 1390–1396 (1981)MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Boyd, R., Richerson, P.J.: Culture and the Evolutionary Process. University of Chicago Press (1985)Google Scholar
  6. 6.
    Skyrms, B.: The Stag Hunt. Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 75(2), 31–41 (2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Macy, M.W., Flache, A.: Learning dynamics in social dilemmas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 99(suppl. 3), 7229–7236 (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Hammerstein, P.: Genetic and Cultural Evolution of Cooperation. MIT Press, Cambridge (2003)Google Scholar
  9. 9.
    Nowak, M.A., et al.: Emergence of cooperation and evolutionary stability in finite populations. Nature 428(6983), 646–650 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Skyrms, B.: The Stag Hunt and the Evolution of Social Structure. Cambridge University Press (2004)Google Scholar
  11. 11.
    Santos, F.C., Pacheco, J.M.: Scale-free networks provide a unifying framework for the emergence of cooperation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95(9), 098104 (2005)Google Scholar
  12. 12.
    Ohtsuki, H., et al.: A simple rule for the evolution of cooperation on graphs and social networks. Nature 441(7092), 502–505 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Santos, F.C., Pacheco, J.M., Lenaerts, T.: Evolutionary dynamics of social dilemmas in structured heterogeneous populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 103(9), 3490–3494 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Santos, F.C., Santos, M.D., Pacheco, J.M.: Social diversity promotes the emergence of cooperation in public goods games. Nature 454(7201), 213–216 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Pacheco, J.M., Pinheiro, F.L., Santos, F.C.: Population structure induces a symmetry breaking favoring the emergence of cooperation. PLoS Comput. Biol. 5(12), e1000596 (2009)Google Scholar
  16. 16.
    Souza, M.O., Pacheco, J.M., Santos, F.C.: Evolution of cooperation under N-person snowdrift games. Journal of Theoretical Biology 260(4), 581–588 (2009)MathSciNetCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Sugden, R.: The Economics of Rights, Co-operation and Welfare, p. 191. Blackwell, Oxford (1986)Google Scholar
  18. 18.
    Hauert, C., Doebeli, M.: Spatial structure often inhibits the evolution of cooperation in the snowdrift game. Nature 428(6983), 643–646 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Zheng, D.F., et al.: Cooperation behavior in a model of evolutionary snowdrift games with N-person interactions. Europhysics Letters 80, 18002–18006 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Traulsen, A., Nowak, M.A., Pacheco, J.M.: Stochastic dynamics of invasion and fixation. Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 74(1 Pt 1), 011909 (2006)Google Scholar
  21. 21.
    Traulsen, A., Nowak, M.A., Pacheco, J.M.: Stochastic payoff evaluation increases the temperature of selection. J. Theor. Biol. 244(2), 349–356 (2007)MathSciNetCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Traulsen, A., Pacheco, J.M., Nowak, M.A.: Pairwise comparison and selection temperature in evolutionary game dynamics. J. Theor. Biol. 246(3), 522–529 (2007)MathSciNetCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    Ohtsuki, H., Nowak, M.A., Pacheco, J.M.: Breaking the symmetry between interaction and replacement in evolutionary dynamics on graphs. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(10), 108106 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© ICST Institute for Computer Science, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  • Marta D. Santos
    • 1
  • Francisco C. Santos
    • 2
  • Jorge M. Pacheco
    • 1
    • 3
  1. 1.ATP-GroupCMAFLisboaPortugal
  2. 2.DEI & INESC-ID, Instituto Superior TécnicoTU LisbonLisboaPortugal
  3. 3.Departamento de Matemática e AplicaçõesUniversidade do MinhoBragaPortugal

Personalised recommendations