Multiple Classifier System Approach to Model Pruning in Object Recognition
Abstract
We propose a multiple classifier system approach to object recognition in computer vision. The aim of the approach is to use multiple experts successively to prune the list of candidate hypotheses that have to be considered for object interpretation. The experts are organised in a serial architecture, with the later stages of the system dealing with a monotonically decreasing number of models. We develop a theoretical model which underpins this approach to object recognition and show how it relates to various heuristic design strategies advocated in the literature. The merits of the advocated approach are then demonstrated experimentally using the SOIL database. We show how the overall performance of a two stage object recognition system, designed using the proposed methodology, improves. The improvement is achieved in spite of using a weak recogniser for the first (pruning) stage. The effects of different pruning strategies are demonstrated.
Keywords
Object Recognition Recognition Rate Pruning Strategy Multiple Expert Candidate LabelReferences
- 1.Ahmadyfard, A., Kittler, J.: Enhancement of ARG object recognition method. In: Proceeding of 11 the European Signal Processing Conference, September 2002, vol. 3, pp. 551–554 (2002)Google Scholar
- 2.Belongie, S., Malik, J., Puzicha, J.: Shape matching and object recognition using shape contexts. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 509–522 (2002)Google Scholar
- 3.Christmas, W.J., Kittler, J., Petrou, M.: Structural matching in computer vision using probabilistic relaxation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 749–764 (1995)Google Scholar
- 4.Fairhurst, M.C., Rahman, A.F.R.: Generalised approach to the recognition of structurally similar handwritten characters using multiple expert classifiers. IEE Proceeding on Vision, Image and Signal Processing 144(1), 15–22 (1997)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 5.Finlayson, G., Funt, B., Barnard, J.: Color constant color indexing. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 17(5), 522–529 (1995)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 6.http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Research/VSSP/demos/ colour/soil47/
- 7.Ianakiev, K., Govindaraju, V.: Architecture for classifier combination using entropy measures. In: Kittler, J., Roli, F. (eds.) MCS 2000. LNCS, vol. 1857, pp. 340–350. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 8.Kim, G., Govindaraju, V.: A lexicon driven approach to handwritten word recognition. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 19(4), 366–379 (1997)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 9.Krassimir, I., Govindaraju, V.: An architecture for classifier combination using entropy measure. In: Kittler, J., Roli, F. (eds.) MCS 2000. LNCS, vol. 1857, pp. 340–350. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.Lowe, D.G.: Three-dimensional object recognition form single two-dimensional image. Artificial Intelligence, 355–395 (1987)Google Scholar
- 11.Madhvanath, S., Kleinberg, E., Govindaraju, V.: Holistic verification for handwritten phrases. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 21(12), 1344–1356 (1999)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.Matas, J(G.), Koubaroulis, D., Kittler, J.: Colour image retrieval and object recognition using the multimodal neighbourhood signature. In: Vernon, D. (ed.) ECCV 2000. LNCS, vol. 1842, pp. 48–64. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 13.Murase, H., Nayar, S.: Visual learning and recognition of 3d objects from appearance. International Journal of Computer Vision, 5–24 (1995)Google Scholar
- 14.Rahman, A.F.R., Fairhurst, M.C.: Exploiting second order information to design a novel multiple expert decision combination platform for pattern classification. Electronic Letters 33, 476–477 (1997)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 15.Rahman, A.F.R., Fairhurst, M.C.: A new hybrid approach in combining multiple experts to recognise handwritten numerals. Pattern Recognition Letters 18, 781–790 (1997)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 16.Rahman, A.F.R., Fairhurst, M.C.: An evaluation of multi-expert configurations for for the recognition of handwritten numerals. Pattern Recognition 31, 1255–1273 (1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 17.Rahman, A.F.R., Fairhurst, M.C.: Enhancing multiple expert decision combination strategies through exploitation of a priori information sources. IEE Proceeding on Vision Image and Signal Processing 146, 40–49 (1999)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.Schmid, C., Mohr, R.: Local grayvalue invariants for image retrieval. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 19(5), 530–535 (1997)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 19.Shao, Z., Kittler, J.: Shape representation and recognition using invariant unary and binary relations. Image and Vision Computing 17, 429–444 (1999)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 20.Swain, M.J., Ballard, D.H.: Colour indexing. Intl. Journal of Computer Vision 7(1), 11–32 (1991)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 21.Turner, M., Austin, J.: A neural relaxation technique for chemical graph matching. In: Proceeding of Fifth International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (1997)Google Scholar