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Molecular Diagnosis in Contact Urticaria Caused by Proteins

  • Joaquin SastreEmail author
Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Updates in Clinical Dermatology book series (UCD)

Abstract

Molecular diagnosis (MD), or component-resolved diagnosis in allergy, consists of detecting specific IgE to different allergens. In this chapter is described how molecular diagnosis may increase diagnostic accuracy in patients with contact urticaria induced by proteins of the vegetal and animal kingdoms, how to recognize allergens associated with genuine sensitization from allergens with cross-reactivity, and how some allergens are associated with clinical reactions. Nevertheless, all in vitro test results should be evaluated in conjunction with the clinical history, because allergen sensitization does not necessarily imply clinical responsiveness. In general, molecular diagnosis provides us specificity in the diagnosis; however, to have enough diagnostic sensitivity, the skin prick test or specific IgE with whole standardized extracts is required.

Keywords

Allergy diagnosis Molecular diagnosis Component-resolved diagnosis Allergens Immunoglobulin E (IgE) 

Abbreviations

Abs

antibodies

CCD

Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants

LTP

Lipid transfer proteins

MD

Molecular diagnosis

OAS

Oral allergy syndrome

PR 10 protein

Pathogenesis-related protein 10

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Notes

Acknowledgments

I thank Oliver Shaw for editorial assistance.

Conflicts of Interest

The author reports having served as a consultant to Thermo Fisher, MSD, Novartis, Genentech, Sanofi, Leti, Roche and GSK; having been paid lecture fees by Novartis, GSK, Stallergenes, LE as well as having received grant support for research from Thermo Fisher, GSK, and ALK-Abello.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Allergy Department Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES, Institute Carlos III, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness)MadridSpain

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