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An Overview of Hemostasis

  • Akbar Dorgalaleh
  • Maryam Daneshi
  • Jamal Rashidpanah
  • Elaheh Roshani Yasaghi
Chapter
First Online:

Abstract

Hemostasis is a physiological well-controlled complex process in the body in which the integrity of the circulatory system is maintained after vascular injury. This process has three main components including vascular system, cellular components, and noncellular components. These three components closely work together to keep the hemostasis system in the best situation.

Hemostasis is comprised of two arms: primary hemostasis and secondary hemostasis. Primary hemostasis using vascular endothelial cells and platelets leads to unstable hemostatic platelet plug formation. In secondary hemostasis, coagulation cascade activation results in stable fibrin clot formation. Overall, hemostasis causes bleeding to stop from the injured site. Natural anticoagulants are necessary to limit clot formation process at the injured site. The formed clot is required to be removed after healing process to restore blood flow. The fibrinolysis system is one of the most important requirements for clot removal. Procoagulant and anticoagulant elements interacted complicatedly to ensure an effective response to vascular injury that is limited to the injured site.

Keywords

Primary hemostasis Secondary hemostasis Vascular system Endothelial Clot 
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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  • Akbar Dorgalaleh
    • 1
  • Maryam Daneshi
    • 1
  • Jamal Rashidpanah
    • 2
  • Elaheh Roshani Yasaghi
    • 3
  1. 1.Department of Hematology and Blood TransfusionSchool of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
  2. 2.Tehran Heart CenterTehranIran
  3. 3.TehranIran

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