Conclusion: Towards a Transnational History of Youth in Justice Systems

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the World Histories of Crime, Culture and Violence book series (WHCCV)

Abstract

By way of conclusion, this chapter summarises some general trends from the various case studies of the book from 1815 to 1950. It addresses the long-term trend from punishment to welfare, discusses the institutional diversity masked by a similar terminology, and underlines the new social actors, their roles played in the juvenile justice arena, focusing on the issues of gender. Finally, the editors highlight three main contributions of the period under investigation to a future transnational history of juvenile justice: the complex roles of the state, the specific experience of wartime and the ambiguous functions of theories in the everyday practice of the juvenile courts and institutions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

References

  1. Bornhorst, Sarah. 2010. Selbstversorger: Jugendkriminalität während des 1. Weltkriegs im Landgerichtsbezirk Ulm. Konstanz: UVK.Google Scholar
  2. Bornhorst, Sarah. 2014. Bad boys? Juvenile delinquency during the First World War in Wilhelmine Germany. In Juvenile delinquency and the limits of western influence, 1850–2000, ed. Heather Ellis, 121–144. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
  3. Bost, Mélanie, and Aurore François. 2009. La grève de la magistrature belge (février–novembre 1918). Un haut fait de la résistance nationale à l’épreuve des archives judiciaires. In Histoire du droit et de la justice: une nouvelle génération de recherches, ed. Dirk Heirbaut, Xavier Rousseaux, and Alain Wijfels. 19–43. Louvain-la-Neuve: Presses Universitaires de Louvain.Google Scholar
  4. Bretschneider, Falk. 2008. Gefangene Gesellschaft. Eine Geschichte der Einsperrung in Sachsen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert. UVK: Konstanz.Google Scholar
  5. Cicourel, Aaron V. 1976. The social organization of juvenile justice, 2nd ed. London: Heinemann Educational Books.Google Scholar
  6. De Koster, Margo, and David Niget. 2015. Scientific expertise in child protection policies and juvenile justice practices in twentieth-century Belgium. In Scientists’ expertise as performance: Between state and society, 1860–1960, ed. Joris Vandendriessche, Evert Peeters, and Kaat Wils. 161–172. London: Pickering & Chatto.Google Scholar
  7. Dekker, Jeroen J.H. 2001. The will to change the child. Re-education homes for children at risk in nineteenth-century Western Europe. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
  8. Dupont-Bouchat, Marie-Sylvie, with the collaboration of Fabienne Alexandre and Véronique Strimelle. 1996. De la prison à l’école: les pénitenciers pour enfants en Belgique au XIXe siècle (1840–1914). Kortrijk-Heule: UGA.Google Scholar
  9. Dupont-Bouchat, Marie-Sylvie, and Éric Pierre (eds.) with Jean-Marie Fecteau, Jean Trépanier, Jacques-Guy Petit, Bernard Schnapper, Jeroen J.H. Dekker, with the collaboration of Sylvie Ménard and Véronique Strimelle. 2001. Enfance et justice au XIXe siècle. Essais d’histoire comparée de la protection de l’enfance, 1820–1914, France, Belgique, Pays-Bas, Canada. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.Google Scholar
  10. Ellis, Heather (ed.). 2014. Juvenile delinquency and the limits of western influence, 1850–2000. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
  11. Fecteau, Jean-Marie, Sylvie Ménard, Jean Trépanier, and Véronique Strimelle. 1998. Une politique de l’enfance délinquante et en danger: la mise en place des écoles de réforme et d’industrie au Québec (1840–1873). Crime, Histoire et Sociétés /Crime, History and Societies 2 (1): 75–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Finnegan, Frances. 2004. Do penance or perish: Magdalen asylums in Ireland. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Fishman, Sarah. 2002. The battle for children: World War II, youth crime and juvenile justice in twentieth-century France. London: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
  14. François, Aurore. 2011. Guerres et délinquance juvénile. Brussels-Bruges: Die Keure/La Charte.Google Scholar
  15. François, Aurore, and David Niget. 2011. Fabricating risk … Sketching the history of expert power. In Violences juvéniles sous expertise(s) XIXe–XXIe siècles/Expertise and juvenile violence 19th–21st century, ed. Aurore François, Veerle Massin, and David Niget, 9–18. Louvain-la-Neuve: Presses Universitaires de Louvain.Google Scholar
  16. Garland, David. 2001. The culture of control: Crime and social order in contemporary society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
  17. Gibson, Mary S. 2003. The criminalization of youth in late nineteenth and early twentieth-century Italy. In Crime, punishment, and reform in Europe, ed. Louis A. Knafla, 121–144. Westport: Praeger.Google Scholar
  18. Golliard, Olivier. 2014. L’État républicain et ses délinquants. Police et justice face à la ‘jeunesse irrégulière’ de la Seine durant la crise des années 1930. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis (History), Université Paris-IV.Google Scholar
  19. Healy, William. 1915. The individual delinquent. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
  20. Heynssens, Sarah. 2012. Entre deux mondes. Le déplacement des enfants métis du Ruanda-Urundi colonial vers la Belgique. Revue d’histoire de l’enfance irrégulière 14: 94–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Leonards, Chris. 2002. Border crossing: Care and the ‘Criminal Child’ in nineteenth-century European penal congresses. In Becoming delinquent: British and European youth, 1650–1950, ed. Pamela Cox and Heather Shore, 105–123. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.Google Scholar
  22. Leonards, Chris. 2004. Priceless children? Penitentiary congresses debating childhood: A quest for social order in Europe, 1846–1895. In Social control in Europe: 1800–2000, vol. 2, ed. Clive Emsley, Eric Johnson, and Pieter Spierenburg, 125–148, Columbus: Ohio State University Press.Google Scholar
  23. Lis, Catharina, and Hugo Soly. 1996. Disordered lives: Eighteenth-century families and their unruly relatives. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
  24. Livie, Ian Michael. 2010. Curing hooliganism: Moral panic, juvenile delinquency. The political culture of moral reform in Britain, 1898–1908. Unpublished Ph.D. diss., University of Southern California.Google Scholar
  25. Niget, David (in press). From criminal justice to the social clinic. The role of magistrates in the circulation of transnational models of juvenile justice in the twentieth century. In Ages of anxiety. Juvenile delinquency in global perspective, ed. William Bush and David Tanenhaus. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
  26. Malmede, Hans. 2002. Jugendkriminalität und Zwangserziehung im deutschen Kaiserreich bis 1914. Ein Beitrag zur historischen Jugendforschung. Baltmannsweiler: Schneider Verlag Hohengehren.Google Scholar
  27. Ménard, Sylvie. 2003. Des enfants sous surveillance. La rééducation des jeunes délinquants au Québec (1840–1950). Montréal: VLB Éditeur.Google Scholar
  28. Mill, Tatjana. 2010. Zur Erziehung verurteilt. Die Entwicklung des Jugendstrafrechts im zaristischen Russland 1864–1917. Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann.Google Scholar
  29. Oberwittler, Dietrich. 2000. Von der Strafe zur Erziehung? Jugendkriminalpolitik in England und Deutschland (1850–1920). Frankfurt am Main: Campus.Google Scholar
  30. Odem, Mary E. 1995. Delinquent daughters: Protecting and policing adolescent female sexuality in the United States, 1885–1920. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
  31. Périssol, Guillaume. 2014. ‘The Quality of Mercy is not Strain’d’: Ideological and repressive modes of juvenile justice—A comparison between Paris and Boston in the mid-twentieth century. Journal of Social History 48 (2): 289–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Peukert, Detlev J.K. 1986. Grenzen der Sozialdisziplinierung: Aufstieg und Krise der deutschen Jugendfürsorge 1878 bis 1932. Köln: Böhlau.Google Scholar
  33. Radzinowicz, Leon, and Roger Hood. 1986. A history of English criminal law and its administration from 1750, vol. 5. Stevens and Sons, The Emergence of Penal Policy: London.Google Scholar
  34. Schmidt, Bettina. 2005. Jugendkriminalität und Gesellschaftskrisen: Umbrüche, Denkmodelle und Lösungsstrategien im Frankreich der Dritten Republik (1900–1914). Stuttgart: Franz Steiner.Google Scholar
  35. Smith, James M. 2007. Ireland’s magdalen laundries and the nation’s architecture of containment. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
  36. Snodgrass, Jon. 1984. William Healy (1869–1963): Pioneer child psychiatrist and criminologist. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 20: 332–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  37. Spierenburg, Pieter (ed.). 1984. The emergence of carceral institutions: Prisons, galleys and lunatic asylums 1550–1900. Rotterdam: Erasmus University.Google Scholar
  38. Spierenburg, Pieter. 2007. The prison experience: Disciplinary institutions and their inmates in early modern Europe. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. Willrich, Michael. 2003. City of courts: Socializing justice in progressive era Chicago. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© The Author(s) 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Université de MontréalMontrealCanada
  2. 2.FRS-FNRSUniversité catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-NeuveBelgium

Personalised recommendations