Impacts of Climate Change on the Production, Yield and Cost of Adaptation of Varieties Imported from Strawberry Plants in the Perimeter of Loukkos (Morocco)
Abstract
On a technical level, the cultivation of strawberry in Morocco has developed remarkably during the last 20 years. During the 2016–2017 crop year, this crop covers 3.050 hectares of land, including 180.378.742 strawberry plants imported from various varieties: Sabrina, San Andreas, Fortuna, Festival, Camarosa, Splendor and others. The period from 1990 to 2010, the dominant varieties that were grown are Chandler, OsoGrande and especially Camarosa and this thanks to its very high productivity, profitability, precocity, quality and adaptation to agroclimatic conditions of the perimeter of Luokkos. Moreover, from 2010, the Californian variety Camarosa (and others) experienced a dramatic decline!. The 2009 fall season is considered the hottest, and 2009 is the second warmest of the decade after 2005. From September to November 2009, maximum temperatures were very high during the day, and very low temperatures at night; hence the thermal gap and therefore new unusual meteorological weather events. Farmers had lost patience because of low yields (very low productivity < 500 g/plant) and doubts were starting about the choice (s) of the variety (s)!. A decline of the varieties Camarosa, Festival, Splendor and a total disappearance of varieties Amiga and Benicia. This upset the choice of the distribution of varieties of strawberry plants imported in 2017. Today, many varieties are disappearing Moroccan producers, the choice being dictated by the production objectives. It must be emphasized that the development of a new variety of native strawberries is more important than ever; knowing that it is a work of long breath.
Keywords
Climate change Strawberry Interannual variability LoukkousReferences
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