Religious Speciation pp 67-83 | Cite as
The Taxon Religion
Chapter
First Online:
Abstract
Religions as taxa consist of a group of adherents’ common religious knowledge and not of the religious knowledge of individuals. The beliefs and practices of individual believers, of individual adherents of a certain religion, are not decisive for the entire communication and information system “religion”, but rather the individual communities with their internally communicated notions and cultic practices, which represent the individual religion’s repertoire of characteristics. The religious capital of the respective community is characterized by the total sum of the beliefs and behaviours communicated within the respective communities.
Keywords
Community Brain-to-brain coupling Religious information capitalReferences
- Ahmed, M., Bürgel, J. C., Dilger, K., Duran, K., Heine, P., Nagel, T., Amoretti, B. S., schimmel, A., Walther, W. (1990). Der Islam III. Islamische Kultur, zeitgenössische Strömungen, Volksfrömmigkeit. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.Google Scholar
- Amir, Y. (1983). Die hellenistische Gestalt des Judentums bei Philon von Alexandrien. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag.Google Scholar
- Athamina, K. (1999) The pre-islamic roots of the early Muslim caliphate: The emergence of Abu Bakr. Der Islam 76, pp. 1–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction. Social critique of the judgement of taste. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
- Brown, D. (2004). A New Introduction to Islam. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
- Brünnow, R. E. (1884). Die Charidschiten unter den ersten Omayyaden. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des ersten islamischen Jahrhunderts. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
- Coyne, J.A., & Orr, H.A. (2004). Speciation. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer.Google Scholar
- de Vries, H. (1919): Mutation Theory. London: Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
- Delius, W. (1963). Geschichte der Marienverehrung. München: Ernst Reinhardt.Google Scholar
- Donner, H. (1986). Geschichte des Volkes Israel und seiner Nachbarn in Grundzügen. Vol. 2. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck + Ruprecht.Google Scholar
- Feldman, L., & Hata, G. (1989). Josephus, the bible, and history. Leiden: E.J. Brill.Google Scholar
- Fischer, U. (1978). Eschatologie und Jenseitserwartung im hellenistischen Diasporajudentum. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter.Google Scholar
- Futuyma, D. J. (1979). Evolutionary Biology. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.Google Scholar
- Gazzaniga, M. S., & Heatherton, T. F. (2006). Psychological science. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
- Gilbert, M. (2010). In Ishmael’s house. A history of Jews in Muslim lands. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
- Häkkinen, S. (2005). Ebionites. In A. Marjanen & P. Luomanen (Eds.), A companion to second-century Christian “Heretics” (pp. 247-278). Leiden, Boston: Brill.Google Scholar
- Hasson, U., Ghazanfar, A. A., Galantucci, B., Garrod, S., & Keysers, C. (2012). Brain-to-Brain coupling: A mechanism for creating and sharing a social world. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 16(2), 114–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Jones, J. (1999). Article Ebionäer / Ebioniten. In: Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart, 4th edition, Vol. 2, p. 1041.Google Scholar
- Keysers, C. (2011). The empathic brain. How the discovery of mirror neurons changes our understanding of human nature. Lexington, KY: Social Brain Press.Google Scholar
- Koschorke, K. (1999). Article Christentum I. Religionswissenschaftlich. In: Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 4th edition, Vol. 2. Tübingen: Mohr-Siebeck, pp. 183–184.Google Scholar
- Lewens, T. (2015). Cultural evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Löhr, W. A. (1996). Basilides und seine Schule. Eine Studie zur Theologie- und Kirchengeschichte des zweiten Jahrhunderts. Tübingen, Mohr.Google Scholar
- Madelung, W. (1997). The succession to Muhammad. A study of the early caliphate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Maier, J. (1992). Geschichte der jüdischen Religion. Freiburg, Basel, Wien: Herder.Google Scholar
- Marjanen, A., & Luomanen, P. (2005). Introduction. In A. Marjanen & P. Luomanen (Eds.), A companion to second-century Christian “Heretics”, (pp. IX-XIII) Leiden, Boston: Brill.Google Scholar
- Pasachoff, N. E., &Littman, R. J. (2005). A Concise History of the Jewish People. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
- Pearson, B. A. (2005). Basilides the Gnostic. In A. Marjanen & P. Luomanen (Eds.), A companion to second-century Christian “heretics”, (pp. 1-31) Leiden, Boston: Brill.Google Scholar
- Richerson, P. J., & Boyd, R. (2005). Not by genes alone: How culture transforms human evolution. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
- Schäfer, H. W. (2010). Explaining Central American Pentecostalism within social inequality and conflict. On habitus-analysis as a clue to describe religious praxis. In C. L. Smith (Ed.), Pentecostal power: Expressions, impact and faith of Latin American Pentecostalism (pp.137-156). Leiden, Boston: Brill.Google Scholar
- Schimmel, A. (1990). Der Islam. Eine Einführung. Stuttgart: Reclam.Google Scholar
- Spilsbury, P. (2012). Zealots (Jewish). In Encyclopedia of Ancient History, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah11252. Retrieved on 18.03.2018.
- Taylor, J. (2012). The Essenes, the scrolls, and the Dead Sea. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Vaglieri, V. (1960). Ali ibn Abi Talib. In: The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. I., p. 385a.Google Scholar
- Walther, W. (1990) Die Frau im Islam, in D. Munir et al. (Eds.), Islam III. Islamische Kultur, zeitgenössische Strömungen, Volksfrömmigkeit, pp. 388-414. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.Google Scholar
- Watt, W. M., & Marmura, M. (1985). Der Islam II. Politische Entwicklung und theologische Konzepte. Stuttgart: KohlhammerGoogle Scholar
- Wunn, I., & Grojnowski, D. (2016). Ancestors, Territoriality, and Gods. A Natural History of Religion. Berlin, Heidelberg [et al.]: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Zeller, D. (2002). Christentum I. Konsolidierung in der 2./3. Generation. In D. Zeller (Ed.). Christentum I. Von den Anfängen bis zur Konstantinischen Wende (pp. 124.222). Stuttgart, Kohlhammer.Google Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018