Polymers in Oil Recovery and Production
Chapter
Abstract
Polymers are used in a wide variety of oil field operations in recovering and producing crude oil. In the majority of cases their main function is to control the viscosity of aqueous fluids for a variety of different reasons. These reasons are highlighted for drilling, cementing, reservoir fracturing and reservoir mobility control fluids and also oil producing chemicals. The complex nature of each fluid is discussed and the difficulties in polymer flooding a multizonal reservoir are highlighted. The different chemicals are briefly discussed in terms of their advantages and limitations.
Keywords
Well Bore Drilling Fluid Fluid Loss Mobility Ratio Fluid Component
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- 1.F.W. Cole, ‘Reservoir Engineering Manual’, 1969:Houston, Texas. Gulf Publishing Co.Google Scholar
- 2.L.P. Drake,’Fundamentals in Reservoir Engineering’, 1979:Amsterdam. Elsevier Publishing Co.Google Scholar
- 3.M. King Hubbert, ‘Darcy’s Law and the field equations of the flow of underground fluids’, Trans.AIME, 1956, 207, 222.Google Scholar
- 4.A.B. Dyes, B.H. Caudle, and R.A. Erickson, ‘Oil production after breakthrough as influenced by mobility ratio’, Trans.AIME, 1954, 201, 81.Google Scholar
- 5.C.S. Goddini, F.F. Craig, J. O. Wilkes and M.R. Tek, ‘A numerical study of waterflood performance in a stratified system with crossflow’, J.petroleum Tech., 1966, 18, 765.Google Scholar
- 6.P. Davison and E. Mentzer, ‘Polymer flooding in North Sea reservoirs’ SPE 9300, presented at 55th. Fall Conference, Dallas, 1980.Google Scholar
- 7.E. Ott, H.M. Spurlin and M.W. Grafflin, in ‘Cellulose’ 1955:New York. Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar
- 8.T.J. Podlas, ‘Viscous aqueous salt solutions’, Ger.Pat.2,639,620 (9/3/1978).Google Scholar
- 9.P.E. Jansson, L. Keene, and B. Lindberg, ‘Structure of the extracellular polysaccharide from Xanthomonas campestris’, Carbohydrate Res., 1975, 45: 275CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.P.A. Sandford and A. Laskin, ‘Extracellular microbial polysaccharides’. 1977: Washington, American Chemical Society Series No.45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 11.D.A. Rees, ‘Shapely polysaccharides’. 8th.Colworth Medal Lecture Biochem.J., 1972, 126, 257.Google Scholar
- 12.C.S. Hsia Chen and E.W. Sheppard, ‘Conformation and hydrolytic stability of polysaccharide from Xanthomonas campestris’, J. Macromol.Sci., Chem., A, 1979, 13, 239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 13.W.C. Werman, Ger.Pat.2,848,894 (17/5/1979).Google Scholar
- 14.M.D. Holmyer and C.J. Githens, ‘Field performance of a new high viscosity water base fracturing fluid, API 875, 24E’ presented at API Spring Meeting, Denver, 1970.Google Scholar
- 15.P.A. Hui and H. Neukom, ‘Properties of galactomannans’ TAPPI, 1964, 47, 39.Google Scholar
- 16.J. W. Ealy, J. Chatterji, M. Holtmeyer and J. Tinsley, ‘Compositions for fracturing high temperature well formation’, U.S.Pat.3,898,165 (5/8/1975).Google Scholar
- 17.J. K. Rocks, ‘Xanthan gums’, Food Technol., 1971, 25, 22.Google Scholar
- 18.P. Kovacs, ‘Useful incompatibility of xanthan gums with galactomannans’, Food Technol., 1973, 27, 26.Google Scholar
- 19.R.L. Whistler, ‘Industrial Gums’, 1973:New York. Academic Press.Google Scholar
- 20.R.L. Whistler and E. Paschall, ‘Industrial Aspects’ in’ starch: Chemistry and Technology’ Vol.1. 1965:New York. Academic Press.Google Scholar
- 21.H. Pledger jr., J. J.Meister, T.D. Hogen-Esch, and G.B. Butler,’ starch-acrylamide graft copolymers for use in EOR’, SPE 8422, presented at 54th. Fall Conference, Las Vegas (1979).Google Scholar
- 22.D.C. Thomas, ‘Thermal stability of starch and carboxymethylcellulose used in drilling fluids’, SPE 8463, presented at 54th. Fall Conference, Las Vegas (1979).Google Scholar
- 23.J. Klein and R. Heitzman, ‘Preparation and characterization of poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)’, Makromolek.chem., 1978, 179, 1895.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 24.G. Müller, J.P. Lane, and J.C. Fenyo, ‘High-molecular weight hydrolyzed polyacrylamides. I. Characteristics. Effects of salt on the conformational properties’, J.polymer.Sci., Polymer chem.Ed., 1979, 17, 659.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 25.Y.L. Meltzer, ‘Water Soluble Polymers: Technology and applications’ Chemical Process Review No.64. 1972: Park Ridge, New Jersey. Noyes Data Corporation.Google Scholar
- 26.S.F. Adler and F.N. Siegele, ‘Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology’ (Ed. H.F. Mark et al.), 1966:New York. Interscience. Vol.5.Google Scholar
- 27.M.T. Szabo, ‘An evaluation of water soluble polymers for secondary oil recovery — Part 1’, J.petroleum Tech.,1979,553 (March).Google Scholar
- 28.M.T. Szabo,’An evaluation of water soluble polymers for secondary oil recovery — part 2’, ibid.,1979,561 (May).Google Scholar
- 29.J. E. Hessert and C.C. Johnston, ‘Aqueous gellable compositions having extended gelation time and methods of preparing same’, U.S.Pat. 4,110,230 (28/8/1978).Google Scholar
- 30.J. W. Gail,’ subterranean formation permeability correction’ U.S. Pat. 3,762,476 (2/10/1973).Google Scholar
- 31.B.G. Barron and L.M. Jackson,’ stabilized polymer in oil latexes and suspensions’, U.S.Pat. 3,691,124 (12/9/1972).Google Scholar
- 32.S. Frank, J. M. Schmitt and A.T. Coscia, ‘Recovering oil from subterranean oil-bearing formations’, Eur.Pat.Appl. 008153 (18/5/1979).Google Scholar
- 33.R.C. Slagel, ‘Process for preparing high molecular weight water soluble polymers’, Canadian Pat.921,198 (13/2/1973).Google Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1983