Abstract
This paper compares the micro-hardness of a binary (Ni–P), ternary (Ni–W–P), and a duplex coating (Ni–P/Ni–W–P) over the copper substrate. Vickers Hardness Test is taken for determining the hardness of the coating due to its compatibility of the indenter with the electroless coating. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the images of the Ni–W–P coating shows the porous nature while Ni–P coating shows very less porosity compared to Ni–W–P. Hence, the Ni–P/Ni–W–P coating shows very less porosity since it has Ni–P layer as the inner layer. The hardness of duplex layer is greater than the ternary coating which in turn is better than the binary coating. The efficiency of the Ni–P is 57.33%, Ni–W–P is 75.81%, and of duplex is 80.71%.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ploof, L.: Electroless nickel composite coatings. Adv. Mater. Processes 166(5), 36 (2008)
Sudagar, J., Lian, J., Sha, W.: Electroless nickel, alloy, composite andnano coatings—a critical review. J. Alloy. Compd. 15(571), 183–204 (2013)
Sarkar, S., Baranwal, R.K., Biswas, C., Majumdar, G., Haider, J.: Optimization of process parameters for electroless Ni-Co-P coating deposition to maximize micro-hardness. Mater. Res. Express. (2019)
Tamilarasan, T.R., Rajendran, R., Sanjith, U., Rajagopal, G., Sudagar, J.: Wear and scratch behaviour of electroless Ni-P-nano-TiO2: effect of surfactants. Wear 15(346), 148–157 (2016)
Agarwala, R.C., Agarwala, V.: Electroless alloy/composite coatings: a review. Sadhana 28(3–4), 475–493 (2003)
Narayanan, T.S., Krishnaveni, K., Seshadri, S.K.: Electroless Ni–P/Ni–B duplex coatings: preparation and evaluation of microhardness, wear and corrosion resistance. Mater. Chem. Phys. 82(3), 771–779 (2003)
Balaraju, J.N., Narayanan, T.S., Seshadri, S.K.: Electroless Ni–P composite coatings. J. Appl. Electrochem. 33(9), 807–816 (2003)
Narayanan, T.S., Baskaran, I., Krishnaveni, K., Parthiban, S.: Deposition of electroless Ni–P graded coatings and evaluation of their corrosion resistance. Surf. Coat. Technol. 200(11), 3438–3445 (2006)
Pal, S., Jayaram, V.: Effect of microstructure on the hardness and dry sliding behavior of electroless Ni–B coating. Materialia 1(4), 47–64 (2018)
Zhang, W.X., Jiang, Z.H., Li, G.Y., Jiang, Q., Lian, J.S.: Electroless Ni-P/Ni-B duplex coatings for improving the hardness and the corrosion resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy. Appl. Surf. Sci. 254(16), 4949–4955 (2008)
Vitry, V., Bonin, L., Malet, L.: Chemical, morphological and structural characterisation of electroless duplex NiP/NiB coatings on steel. Surf. Eng. 34(6), 475–484 (2018)
Wang, Y., Shu, X., Wei, S., Liu, C., Gao, W., Shakoor, R.A., Kahraman, R.: Duplex Ni–P–ZrO2/Ni–P electroless coating on stainless steel. J. Alloy. Compd. 5(630), 189–194 (2015)
Chen, X.M., Li, G.Y., Lian, J.S.: Deposition of electroless Ni-P/Ni-WP duplex coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy. Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China 1(18), s323–s328 (2008)
Omidvar, H., Sajjadnejad, M., Stremsdoerfer, G., Meas, Y., Mozafari, A.: Manufacturing ternary alloy NiBP-PTFE composite coatings by dynamic chemical plating process. Mater. Manuf. Processes 31(1), 31–36 (2016)
Balaraju, J.N., Rajam, K.S.: Electroless ternary Ni–W–P alloys containing micron size Al2O3 particles. Surf. Coat. Technol. 205(2), 575–581 (2010)
Ranganatha, S., Venkatesha, T.V., Vathsala, K.: Development of electroless Ni–Zn–P/nanoTiO2 composite coatings and their properties. Appl. Surf. Sci. 256(24), 7377–7383 (2010)
Hu, X., Jiang, P., Wan, J., Xu, Y., Sun, X.: Study of corrosion and friction reduction of electroless Ni–P coating with molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles. J. Coat. Technol. Res. 6(2), 275–281 (2009)
Nishijima, D., Baldwin, M.J., Doerner RP, Yu JH. Sputtering properties of tungsten ‘fuzzy’ surfaces. J. Nucl. Mater. 415(1), S96–S99 (2011)
Callister Jr., W.D., Rethwisch, D.G.: Fundamentals of materials science and engineering: an integrated approach. Wiley, New York (2012)
Lee, H.B., Wu, M.Y.: A study on the corrosion and wear behavior of electrodeposited Ni-WP coating. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 48(10), 466780 (2017)
Balaraju, J.N., Selvi, V.E., Grips, V.W., Rajam, K.S.: Electrochemical studies on electroless ternary and quaternary Ni–P based alloys. Electrochim. Acta 52(3), 1064–1074 (2006)
Biswas, N., Baranwal, R.K., Majumdar, G., Brabazon, D.: Review of duplex electroless coatings and their properties. Adv. Mater. Process. Technol. 4(3), 448–465 (2018)
Selvi, V.E., Chatterji, P., Subramanian, S., Balaraju, J.N.: Autocatalytic duplex Ni–P/Ni–W–P coatings on AZ31B magnesium alloy. Surf. Coat. Technol. 15(240), 103–109 (2014)
Kreislova, K., Geiplova, H.: Prediction of the long-term corrosion rate of copper alloy objects. Mater. Corros. 67(2), 152–159 (2016)
Sarkar, S., Baranwal, R.K., Lamichaney, S., De, J., Majumdar, G.: Optimization of electroless Ni-Co-P coating with hardness as response parameter: a computational approach. J. Tribol. 1(18), 81–96 (2018)
Mallory, G.O., Hajdu, J.B.: Electroless plating: fundamentals and applications. William Andrew, Norwich (1990)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Baranwal, R.K., Mukherjee, A., Banerjee, S., Sarkar, S., Majumdar, G. (2020). Micro-hardness Study of Ni–P, Ni–W–P, and Ni–P/Ni–W–P Electroless Coating. In: Sharma, V., Dixit, U., Sørby, K., Bhardwaj, A., Trehan, R. (eds) Manufacturing Engineering . Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4619-8_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4619-8_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-4618-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-4619-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)