Abstract
This chapter summarizes the comprehensive review of the nonlinear ultrasonic phased array (PA) methods for the measurement of closed-crack depth. Various nonlinear ultrasonic PA methods are categorized into four groups: (I) subharmonics, (II) parallel and sequential transmission, (III) all-elements, odd-elements, and even-elements transmission, and (IV) utilization of thermal stress. Each method is described in the order of principles, experimental conditions and imaging results, key features.
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Acknowledgements
It is our great pleasure to thank all those who have collaborated with us regarding nonlinear ultrasonic PA. Financial support by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI and other various projects for part of the work described in this chapter is gratefully acknowledged.
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Ohara, Y., Mihara, T., Yamanaka, K. (2020). Nonlinear Ultrasonic Phased Array for Measurement of Closed-Crack Depth. In: Jhang, KY., Lissenden, C., Solodov, I., Ohara, Y., Gusev, V. (eds) Measurement of Nonlinear Ultrasonic Characteristics. Springer Series in Measurement Science and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1461-6_5
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