Abstract
Agro-industries produce large amounts of various forms of waste, which come out from processing activities and waste management processes. The wastes generated may be multi-phase and may consist of multi-component. The amount, characterization and composition of this waste depend on the raw material sources, product types, and processes. Agro-industries, more specifically food industrial wastes, consist of great amount of organic matters which are rich in nutrient content, with higher values of BOD, COD and TSS. If agro-industrial wastes are not correctly treated, they may cause severe pollution problems. Besides, they represent a loss of valuable biomass and nutrients. The present book chapter reviews the various characteristics of pollution management problems of different agro-industries. In many agro-industries, water pollution is a serious threat as compared to solid wastes which have the possibilities for recovery of value added products. Various possible sources and impacts of different agro-industrial wastes on the environment are extensively reviewed. The possible ways of meting out of biomass and inhibition of micro-organism using Biorefinery principles and its challenges are also explored. The bio-refineries can reproduce an oil refinery by means of a bio-refinery using renewable biomass for the manufacturing different products. The possible future of technological developments in order to improve the quality of people’s life and sustaining our environment by using clean bioprocess technologies and its future aspects are also explained. The present book chapter elaborately describes about the key activity of clean technology ‘recycling’ of agro-industrial waste that is deliberately important as it utilizes the integrated approach of waste minimization which guides to biological industrial complex where a group of industries share possible resources and recycling of wastes. This book chapter review highlights the application of bio-refinery concept on wastes obtained from the agro-industries.
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Senthilkumar, K., Naveen Kumar, M., Chitra Devi, V., Saravanan, K., Easwaramoorthi, S. (2020). Agro-Industrial Waste Valorization to Energy and Value Added Products for Environmental Sustainability. In: Praveen Kumar, R., Bharathiraja, B., Kataki, R., Moholkar, V. (eds) Biomass Valorization to Bioenergy. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0410-5_1
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