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The Development and Challenges of Oxidative Abatement for Contaminants of Emerging Concern

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Abstract

For several years now, many substances that are known for saving the lives of billions of people, have paradoxically appeared as a new group of very dangerous contaminants. These compounds (for example, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, their metabolites, etc.) often have chronic and acute dangerous effects on humankind and other living beings. The presence of these pollutants is being documented and novel systems are being developed for their treatment every day. In this chapter, we review the literature from approximately the past 10 years, illustrating the decontamination of these chemicals by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). A range of methods including novel catalytic systems for hydroxyl radical production as well as computation methods for prediction of CEC removal rate constants and their transformations are discussed. Furthermore, many (bio)transformation (by)products possess different (lower/higher) toxicological fingerprints, which can now also be assessed by advanced modelling. Moreover, many of these AOPs are limited commercially by their high capital and operating costs. All of these issues are addressed in this book chapter.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

ACR:

Acridine

AOPs:

Advanced Oxidation Processes

AST:

Activated Sludge Treatment

ATZ:

Atrazine

BE:

Benzocaine

BHT:

Butylated Hydroxytoluene

BPA:

Bisphenol A

BZ8:

Dioxybenzone

CAF:

Caffeine

CBZ:

Carbamazepine

CD-polymers:

Cyclodextrin polymers

CECs:

Contaminants of Emerging Concern

CFD:

Computational Fluid Dynamics

CIP:

Ciprofloxacin

CPI:

Controlled Periodic Illumination

DCF:

Diclofenac

DO:

Dissolved Oxygen

DOM:

Dissolved Organic Matter

E1:

Estrone

E2:

17-β-Estradiol

EDCs:

Endocrine disruptors

EE/O:

Electrical energy per order for degradation

EE2:

17-α-ethinylestradiol

EEME:

Mestranol

EU:

European Union

GBZ:

Gemfibrozil

GCN:

Graphitic Carbon Nitride

HCNNSs:

Hollow Carbon Nitride Nanospheres

HCT:

Hydrochlorothiazide

IBP:

Ibuprofen

ISCO:

In Situ Chemical Oxidation

I-TEF:

International-Toxicity Equivalency Factor

LDH:

Lactate Dehydrogenase

LDPE:

Low-Density Polyethylene

LFER:

Linear Free Energy Relationship

MTT:

Methyl-thiazolyl blue tetrazolium reduction

NP4EO:

Nonylphenol ethoxylate

NPX:

Naproxen

O3-MB:

Ozonated microbubbles

ODZ:

Oxadiazon

OSTP:

Office of Science and Technology Policy

P4:

Progesterone

PCDD/Fs:

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

PDNN:

Prednisolone

PPCPs:

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products

PVA:

Polyvinyl Alcohol

ROS:

Reactive Oxygen Species

TRI:

Triallate

QC:

Quantum Chemical Computations

QSARs/QSPR:

Quantitative Structure–Activity(Property) Relationships

SMX:

Sulfamethoxazole

SQX:

Sulfaquinoxaline

TBA:

Terbuthylazine

TF:

Task Force on emerging contaminants

TMP:

Trimethoprim

TPs:

Transformation Products

TCS:

Triclosan

TST:

Transition State Theory

UV:

Ultraviolet light

W/WWTP:

Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant

YAS:

Yeast Androgen Screen

YES:

Yeast Estrogen Screen

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Acknowledgements

This review was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports in the framework of the targeted support of the OPR & DI project ‘Extension of CxI facilities’ (CZ.1.05/2.1.00/19.0386). The authors would also like to acknowledge the assistance provided by the Research Infrastructure NanoEnviCz, supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under Project No. LM2015073. This work was also supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic and the European Union—European Structural and Investment Funds in the framework of the Operational Programme Research, Development and Education—project ‘Hybrid Materials for Hierarchical Structures’ (HyHi, Reg. No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000843). D. D. Dionysiou also acknowledges support from the University of Cincinnati through a UNESCO co-Chair Professor position on ‘Water Access and Sustainability’ and the Herman Schneider Professorship in the College of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

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Correspondence to Dionysios D. Dionysiou .

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Wacławek, S., Černík, M., Dionysiou, D.D. (2020). The Development and Challenges of Oxidative Abatement for Contaminants of Emerging Concern. In: Jiang, G., Li, X. (eds) A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9447-8_10

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