Abstract
The purpose of this book is to present a game-theoretic approach to issues related to economy and disability . This introduction consists of four sections. The first section presents relevant anecdotes to give the reader some context, while the second section presents some basic facts on disability in Japan. Although we do not intend to confine our attention to the disability-related issues of Japan, we need to share very basic facts on disability and take Japan as an example particularly because cases in this book take place in Japan.
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Notes
- 1.
The only exception may be Shin-Osaka station where there are lots of people coming from Tokyo so that people get confused whether they should stand on the left or right side of the escalator.
- 2.
Fiscal year 2014. See Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology (2015).
- 3.
See Cabinet Office of Japan (2017a).
- 4.
See Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2017).
- 5.
READ had been supported by grants-in-aid (principal investigator: Akihiko Matsui). This survey (Matsui et al. 2012) was conducted from July 2009 to December 2010, using conventional mail. Samples were taken from the members of disability associations over age 18. The total of 2272 questionnaires were distributed, and 1331 were recovered (recover rate: \(58\%\)). The data for the entire population (“All” in the figure) is taken from Shugyo-kozo-kihon-chosa (Employment Status Survey) of Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.
- 6.
One exception is the category “Deaf.” This is mainly caused by the sample bias where many samples for the deaf people are taken from the executive members of the prefectural branches of the deaf association.
- 7.
In the sequel, we often use the term “model.” However, the term “model” used in the present analysis is the one used in game theory as opposed to the term used in disability studies such as a “social model of disability.” .
- 8.
The reader may refer to Sugino (2007), which covers both English and American disability studies. See also Kawashima (2011) for the difference between the two streams of the concept of disability. According to Kawashima (2011), the social model of the United Kingdom is that “it adopts the distinction between ‘impairment’ and ‘disability’ as proposed by UPIAS (Oliver 1996),” while Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) defines the term “disability” as “a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities,” which emphasizes the interaction of impairment and disability.
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Matsui, A. (2019). Introduction. In: Economy and Disability. Economy and Social Inclusion. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7623-8_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7623-8_1
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