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Targeting Chitin-containing Organisms pp 19–59Cite as

Chitin Prevalence and Function in Bacteria, Fungi and Protists

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1142))

Abstract

Chitin is an important structural polysaccharide, which supports and organizes extracellular matrices in a variety of taxonomic groups including bacteria, fungi, protists, and animals. Additionally, chitin has been recognized as a molecule that is required for Rhizobia-legume symbiosis and involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal signaling in the symbiotic interaction between terrestrial plants and fungi. Moreover, it serves as a unique molecular pattern in the plant defense system against pathogenic fungi and parasites, and in the innate and adaptive immune response of mammals and humans. In this review, we will focus on the prevalence and structural function of chitin in bacteria, fungi, and protists, with a particular focus on the evolution of chitin synthases and the function of chitin oligosaccharides as a signaling molecule in symbiosis and immunity.

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  1. Department of Chemistry and Biology – Molecular Biology, University of Siegen, 57076, Siegen, Germany

    Lea Steinfeld, Ali Vafaei, Janin Rösner & Hans Merzendorfer

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  1. State Laboratory of Biology for Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection at Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China

    Qing Yang

  2. Biochemistry−Electrochemistry Research Unit, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

    Tamo Fukamizo

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Steinfeld, L., Vafaei, A., Rösner, J., Merzendorfer, H. (2019). Chitin Prevalence and Function in Bacteria, Fungi and Protists. In: Yang, Q., Fukamizo, T. (eds) Targeting Chitin-containing Organisms. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1142. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7318-3_3

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