Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Wearable and Wireless Systems for Healthcare II pp 17–24Cite as

Movement Disorders: Parkinson’s Disease and Essential Tremor—A General Perspective

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation ((SSMI,volume 31))

Abstract

Movement disorders manifesting in tremor influence the quality of life for millions of people. In particular, two prevalent types of movement disorder are Parkinson’s disease and Essential tremor. The neurological foundation for Parkinson’s disease is attributed to dysfunction of the substantia nigra and associated aspects of the basal ganglia. By contrast, Essential tremor is not conclusively defined. However, notable amplified cerebellar activity is a characteristic for Essential tremor. Traditional strategies for diagnosing the severity of Parkinson’s disease and Essential tremor apply expert clinical although subjective interpretation of ordinal scales. This ordinal scale approach is the subject of contention regarding reliability. Traditional therapy involves the prescription of medication. As a last resort, permanent disruption of the deep brain neural pathways is an alternative. Recent developments have demonstrated the utility of wearable and wireless systems for the objective and quantified measurement of tremor symptoms. Furthermore, wearable and wireless systems have been amalgamated with deep brain stimulation for the determination of therapy efficacy. Near-term future objectives implicate the opportunity for real-time patient-specific optimization of deep brain stimulation tuning parameters. These developments lead to the presence of Network Centric Therapy for the treatment of movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease and Essential tremor.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM (2000) Principles of neural science. McGraw-Hill, New York, Ch 43

    Google Scholar 

  2. Nolte J, Sundsten JW (2002) The human brain: an introduction to its functional anatomy, St. Louis, Mosby, Ch 19

    Google Scholar 

  3. Helmich RC, Toni I, Deuschl G, Bloem BR (2013) The pathophysiology of essential tremor and Parkinson’s tremor. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 13(9):378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Parkinson J (1817) An essay on the shaking palsy. Whittingham and Rowland, London

    Google Scholar 

  5. Seeley RR, Stephens TD, Tate P (2003) Anatomy and physiology. McGraw-Hill, Boston, Ch 14

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bickley LS, Szilagyi PG (2003) Bates’ guide to physical examination and history taking. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, Ch 16

    Google Scholar 

  7. Diamond MC, Scheibel AB, Elson LM (1985) The human brain coloring book. Harper Perennial, New York, Ch 5

    Google Scholar 

  8. Louis ED (2005) Essential tremor. Lancet Neurol 4(2):100–110

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Louis ED (2000) Essential tremor. Arch Neurol (JAMA Neurology) 57(10):1522–1524

    Google Scholar 

  10. Essential tremor: [http://www.essentialtremor.org/about-et/]

  11. Deuschl G, Raethjen J, Hellriegel H, Elble R (2011) Treatment of patients with essential tremor. Lancet Neurol 10(2):148–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Habib-ur-Rehman (2000) Diagnosis and management of tremor. Arch Intern Med 160(16):2438–2444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Paris-Robidas S, Brochu E, Sintes M, Emond V, Bousquet M, Vandal M, Pilote M, Tremblay C, Di Paolo T, Rajput AH, Rajput A, Calon F (2012) Defective dentate nucleus GABA receptors in essential tremor. Brain 135(1):105–116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Goetz CG, Tilley BC, Shaftman SR, Stebbins GT, Fahn S, Martinez-Martin P, Poewe W, Sampaio C, Stern MB, Dodel R, Dubois B, Holloway R, Jankovic J, Kulisevsky J, Lang AE, Lees A, Leurgans S, LeWitt PA, Nyenhuis D, Olanow CW, Rascol O, Schrag A, Teresi JA, van Hilten JJ, LaPelle N (2008) Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results. Mov Disord 23(15):2129–2170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Fahn S, Tolosa E, Marin C (1988) Clinical rating scale for tremor. In: Parkinson’s disease and movement disorders. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Baltimore, pp 225–234

    Google Scholar 

  16. Elble RJ (2016) The essential tremor rating assessment scale. J Neurol Neuromed 1(4):34–38

    Google Scholar 

  17. Movement Disorder Society Task Force on Rating Scales for Parkinson’s Disease (2003) The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS): status and recommendations. Mov Disord 18(7):738–750

    Google Scholar 

  18. Fahn S, Elton RL, UPDRS Program Members (1987) Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. In: Recent developments in Parkinson’s disease, Vol. 2. Macmillan Healthcare Information, Florham Park, pp 153–163, 293–304.

    Google Scholar 

  19. LeMoyne R (2013) Wearable and wireless accelerometer systems for monitoring Parkinson’s disease patients—a perspective review. Adv Park Dis 2(4):113–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Giller CA, Dewey RB, Ginsburg MI, Mendelsohn DB, Berk AM (1998) Stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy using individual variations of anatomic landmarks for localization. Neurosurgery 42(1):56–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Niranjan A, Kondziolka D, Baser S, Heyman R, Lunsford LD (2000) Functional outcomes after gamma knife thalamotomy for essential tremor and MS-related tremor. Neurology 55(3):443–446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Young RF, Jacques S, Mark R, Kopyov O, Copcutt B, Posewitz A, Li F (2000) Gamma knife thalamotomy for treatment of tremor: long-term results. J Neurosurg 93(S3):128–135

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hossen A, Muthuraman M, Al-Hakim Z, Raethjen J, Deuschl G, Heute U (2013) Discrimination of Parkinsonian tremor from essential tremor using statistical signal characterization of the spectrum of accelerometer signal. Biomed Mater Eng 23(6):513–531

    Google Scholar 

  24. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T (2017) Smartphone and portable media device: a novel pathway toward the diagnostic characterization of human movement. In: Smartphones from an applied research perspective. InTech, Rijeka, Croatia, pp 1–24

    Google Scholar 

  25. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T (2017) Wearable and wireless gait analysis platforms: smartphones and portable media devices. In: Wireless MEMS networks and applications. Elsevier, New York, pp 129–152

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T (2016) Telemedicine perspectives for wearable and wireless applications serving the domain of neurorehabilitation and movement disorder treatment. In: Telemedicine SMGroup, Dover, Delaware, pp 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  27. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T (2015) Use of smartphones and portable media devices for quantifying human movement characteristics of gait, tendon reflex response, and Parkinson’s disease hand tremor. In: Mobile health technologies, methods and protocols. Springer, New York, pp 335–358

    Google Scholar 

  28. LeMoyne R, Coroian C, Cozza M, Opalinski P, Mastroianni T, Grundfest W (2009) The merits of artificial proprioception, with applications in biofeedback gait rehabilitation concepts and movement disorder characterization. In: Biomedical engineering. InTech, Vienna, pp 165–198

    Google Scholar 

  29. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T, Cozza M, Coroian C, Grundfest W (2010) Implementation of an iPhone for characterizing Parkinson’s disease tremor through a wireless accelerometer application. In: 32nd Annual international conference of the IEEE, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS), pp 4954–4958

    Google Scholar 

  30. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T, Grundfest W (2013) Wireless accelerometer configuration for monitoring Parkinson’s disease hand tremor. Adv Park Dis 2(2):62–67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. LeMoyne R, Tomycz N, Mastroianni T, McCandless C, Cozza M, Peduto D (2015) Implementation of a smartphone wireless accelerometer platform for establishing deep brain stimulation treatment efficacy of essential tremor with machine learning. In: 37th Annual international conference of the IEEE, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS), pp 6772–6775

    Google Scholar 

  32. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T, Tomycz N, Whiting D, Oh M, McCandless C, Currivan C, Peduto D (2017) Implementation of a multilayer perceptron neural network for classifying deep brain stimulation in ‘On’ and ‘Off’ modes through a smartphone representing a wearable and wireless sensor application. In: 47th Society for Neuroscience annual meeting (featured in Hot Topics; top 1% of abstracts)

    Google Scholar 

  33. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T, McCandless C, Currivan C, Whiting D, Tomycz N (2018) Implementation of a smartphone as a wearable and wireless accelerometer and gyroscope platform for ascertaining deep brain stimulation treatment efficacy of Parkinson’s disease through machine learning classification. Adv Park Dis 7(2):19–30

    Google Scholar 

  34. Hariz GM, Lindberg M, Bergenheim AT (2002) Impact of thalamic deep brain stimulation on disability and health-related quality of life in patients with essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72(1):47–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Benabid AL, Pollak P, Louveau A, Henry S, de Rougemont J (1987) Combined (thalamotomy and stimulation) stereotactic surgery of the VIM thalamic nucleus for bilateral Parkinson’s disease. Appl Neurophysiol 50(1–6):344–346

    Google Scholar 

  36. Volkmann J, Moro E, Pahwa R (2006) Basic algorithms for the programming of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord 21(S14):S284–S289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Amon A, Alesch F (2017) Systems for deep brain stimulation: review of technical features. J Neural Transm 124(9):1083–1091

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Isaias IU, Tagliati M (2008) Deep brain stimulation programming for movement disorders. In: Deep brain stimulation in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Springer, New York, pp 361–397

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Bioengineering Innovation, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA

    Robert LeMoyne

  2. Independent, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Timothy Mastroianni

  3. Department of Neurosurgery Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network Neuroscience Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Donald Whiting & Nestor Tomycz

Authors
  1. Robert LeMoyne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Timothy Mastroianni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Donald Whiting
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Nestor Tomycz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

LeMoyne, R., Mastroianni, T., Whiting, D., Tomycz, N. (2019). Movement Disorders: Parkinson’s Disease and Essential Tremor—A General Perspective. In: Wearable and Wireless Systems for Healthcare II. Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation, vol 31. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5808-1_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5808-1_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-13-5807-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-5808-1

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation