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Genetic Resources of Guava: Importance, Uses and Prospects

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Conservation and Utilization of Horticultural Genetic Resources

Abstract

Guava (Psidium guajava L) is an important perennial fruit crop of the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It originated in tropical America and gradually became a commercial significant crop in several other countries due to its hardy nature, prolific bearing and high remuneration without much care. The roots, leaves and fruits are used to cure various stomach ailments due their astringency properties. India, China, Thailand, Pakistan, Mexico, Indonesia, Brazil, Bangladesh, the Philippines and the Netherlands are the major guava-producing countries in the world. In a global guava market, Brazil, Thailand, Mexico and Peru are the major exporting countries, while, the USA, China, the Netherlands and Germany are the major importing countries. Guava is facing several agronomic and horticultural problems such as susceptibility to many pathogens especially guava wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum psidii. There are probably more than 400 guava cultivars around the world, but only a few dozen are responsible for major orchard establishment across the world. The available diversity of crop needs to be studied and evaluated in order to determine the usefulness of germplasm in the crop improvement. An interspecific hybrid of P. molle x P. guajava developed by ICAR-CISH, Lucknow, India, has offered a resistance to guava wilt. The use of prospection, foreign material introduction, and selection of elite individuals from open and controlled pollination has greatly increased the diversity of the available germplasm; however, the original variability has been lost due to various biotic and abiotic factors. Hence there is a need to rescue local germplasm for broadening genetic diversity of the species.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shailendra Rajan

  2. Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Umesh Hudedamani

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  1. Division of Plant Genetic Resources, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    P.E. Rajasekharan

  2. Global Research for Development Support Ventures (GRSV), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    V. Ramanatha Rao

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Rajan, S., Hudedamani, U. (2019). Genetic Resources of Guava: Importance, Uses and Prospects. In: Rajasekharan, P., Rao, V. (eds) Conservation and Utilization of Horticultural Genetic Resources. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3669-0_11

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