Abstract
Anal continence is controlled by complex interaction of pelvic floor muscle, anal sphincter, rectal compliance, stool consistency, and cognitive function. The main causes of secondary fecal incontinence are birth injury and anal surgery of hemorrhoid, fistula, and fissure. Anorectal manometry and rectal sensory tests are good tools to determine the abnormalities of the internal and external sphincter function and sensory of the rectum. Operative treatment can be considered after the safe and simple methods like supportive therapy, medication treatment, and biofeedback therapy have failed. A number of treatment modalities are attempted, but still there’s lack of standard guideline on which treatment should be used in which cases.
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Oh, J.R. (2019). Fecal Incontinence. In: Lee, D. (eds) Practices of Anorectal Surgery. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1447-6_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1447-6_13
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