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Mechanisms of Arsenic Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants pp 269–297Cite as

Algae as a Budding Tool for Mitigation of Arsenic from Aquatic Systems

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Abstract

Arsenic (As) pollution in aquatic environment has become one of the most severe ecological problems affecting the provision of clean drinking water in many countries. To combat this, numerous physicochemical methods have been developed including adsorption, ion exchange, biosorption, solar stills, etc. However, the barrier to the successful deployment of these methods lies in the differential removal and disposal efficiency of As species/wastes generated during the treatment. Plants and algae are currently considered as efficient biotechnological tools for safe As remediation from contaminated soil and water sources. In the current chapter, we will focus on algal (micro and macro)-based As bioremediation mechanism and the influence of environmental factors on its uptake from contaminated aquatic systems. Utilization of algae for As bioremediation has an edge over other conventional technologies as it can efficiently accumulate and metabolize all the As species with adequate efficiency, along with generation of biomass that can be used as biofertilizers and biofuels. Recent studies have shown that algal strains can grow in 500–2000 mg per liter of As waters and can remediate a substantial quantity by rewiring their cellular physiology. In a nutshell, the chapter provides a detailed mechanistic overview of algal-based eco-friendly As mitigation processes for generating sustainable environmental solutions.

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Acknowledgment

KMP acknowledges the support of SERB (SB/YS/LS-380/2013), DBT-IYBA fellowship (BT/07/IYBA/2013-19), and MoWR (GKC/01/2016-17/212/NMCG) Research grants from the Government of India (GoI). NA is thankful to the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) for SRF fellowship (Grant No.: 7001-35-44). KG and ST acknowledge the MHRD fellowship from IIT-Roorkee.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    Neha Arora, Khushboo Gulati, Shweta Tripathi, Vikas Pruthi & Krishna Mohan Poluri

  2. Centre for Transportation Systems (CTRANS), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    Vikas Pruthi & Krishna Mohan Poluri

  3. Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    Krishna Mohan Poluri

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  1. Neha Arora
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  2. Khushboo Gulati
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  4. Vikas Pruthi
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  5. Krishna Mohan Poluri
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Correspondence to Krishna Mohan Poluri .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

  2. Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Kamrun Nahar

  3. Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan

    Masayuki Fujita

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Arora, N., Gulati, K., Tripathi, S., Pruthi, V., Poluri, K.M. (2018). Algae as a Budding Tool for Mitigation of Arsenic from Aquatic Systems. In: Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K., Fujita, M. (eds) Mechanisms of Arsenic Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1292-2_12

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