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Electroweak Baryogenesis

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Book cover Electroweak Baryogenesis and Its Phenomenology

Part of the book series: Springer Theses ((Springer Theses))

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Abstract

The Higgs boson would be the key particle to EWPT, so the establishment of the Higgs sector plays an essential role in EWBG. In fact, the discovery of the Higgs boson has narrowed down the possibilities of EWBG in various models. The high testability is one reason why EWBG is attractive. Given that the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is running now, we expect that the LHC can examine more feasible parameter region. This chapter describes how electroweak baryogenesis satisfies the Sakharov criteria and creates the baryon asymmetry. Subsequently, a current status of the scenario is mentioned.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Chiral fermions are defined as ψ L(x) = P L ψ(x) and ψ R(x) = P R ψ(x) with projection operators, P L = (1 − γ 5)∕2 and P R = (1 + γ 5)∕2.

  2. 2.

    π m implies the m-th homotopy group.

  3. 3.

    Because, π 3(U(1)) = 0.

  4. 4.

    In a precise sense, this is called a constrained instanton.

  5. 5.

    Here, we neglect a contribution from U(1)Y since the effect is a few %.

  6. 6.

    The Monte Carlo simulation is used in Ref. [23], and lattice simulations with hard-thermal loop are performed in Ref. [24].

  7. 7.

    For example, T N = 77.8 GeV and T C = 91.5 GeV in the scale-invariant two Higgs doublet model [14].

  8. 8.

    Here, although we simply consider only the sphaleron process, there are actually other processes involved in changing the number densities such as the Yukawa interaction. If such an interaction is in equilibrium, it works to decrease the produced left-handed particles.

  9. 9.

    For simplicity, only three left-handed quarks and left-handed lepton are described in Fig. 2.10, but the quarks and leptons over three generations are actually produced in the sphaleron process.

  10. 10.

    Perturbative calculation shows smaller value of \(m_h\lesssim 42\) GeV for the first-order phase transition [1].

  11. 11.

    To be exact, this is because the size of the CP violation in the SM depends on the structure of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix.

  12. 12.

    In principle, smaller value of λ is also able to cause larger v C∕T C. However, it would be less possibility that the coupling λ is deviated from the SM value unless some peculiar parameters are chosen.

  13. 13.

    It is also proposed that new fermion which strongly couples to the Higgs can strengthen the first-order phase transition [46], where O(1) Yukawa coupling is needed.

  14. 14.

    It turned out that the scale is somewhat low Λ ∼ 800 GeV.

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  1. Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA

    Dr. Kaori Fuyuto

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Fuyuto, K. (2018). Electroweak Baryogenesis. In: Electroweak Baryogenesis and Its Phenomenology. Springer Theses. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1008-9_2

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