Abstract
Although understanding how CRISPR and its associated systems are controlled is at the infant stages, recent studies present exciting discoveries in this fast-moving field. A number of studies find that CRISPR-Cas systems regulate quorum sensing (QS) genes by targeting and degrading lasR mRNA, while QS systems can also modulate the CRISPR-Cas as revealed in more recent reports. The importance of the QS system for bacterial pathogenicity is well recognized and the indispensable features of CRISPR-Cas in adaptive immunity and biotechnology application are gaining great attention. Analyzing interaction between QS and CRISPR-Cas systems represents an interesting field as CRISPR-Cas systems are not only the adaptive immunity of bacteria, but also the regulators of their own genes. Undoubtedly, the continued understanding of molecular basis of CRISPR-Cas action and regulation may indicate novel strategies for treatment of bacterial infections.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Atkinson S, Williams P (2009) Quorum sensing and social networking in the microbial world. J R Soc Interface 6:959–978. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2009.0203
Cady KC, O’Toole GA (2011) Non-identity-mediated CRISPR-bacteriophage interaction mediated via the Csy and Cas3 proteins. J Bacteriol 193:3433–3445. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.01411-10
Cao Q, Wang Y, Chen F, Xia Y, Lou J, Zhang X, Yang N, Sun X, Zhang Q, Zhuo C, Huang X, Deng X, Yang CG, Ye Y, Zhao J, Wu M, Lan L (2014) A novel signal transduction pathway that modulates rhl quorum sensing and bacterial virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS Pathog 10:e1004340. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004340
Carloni S, Macchi R, Sattin S, Ferrara S, Bertoni G (2017) The small RNA ReaL: a novel regulatory element embedded in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing networks. Environ Microbiol. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13886
Das T, Kutty SK, Tavallaie R, Ibugo AI, Panchompoo J, Sehar S, Aldous L, Yeung AW, Thomas SR, Kumar N, Gooding JJ, Manefield M (2015) Phenazine virulence factor binding to extracellular DNA is important for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. Sci Rep 5:8398. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08398
Fu Q, Su Z, Cheng Y, Wang Z, Li S, Wang H, Sun J, Yan Y (2017) Clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) diversity and virulence factor distribution in avian Escherichia coli. Res Microbiol 168:147–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2016.10.002
Green ER, Mecsas J (2016) Bacterial secretion systems: an overview. Microbiol Spectr 4:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0012-2015
Heidrich N, Vogel J (2013) CRISPRs extending their reach: prokaryotic RNAi protein Cas9 recruited for gene regulation. EMBO J 32:1802–1804. https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2013.141
Heussler GE, Miller JL, Price CE, Collins AJ, O’Toole GA (2016) Requirements for Pseudomonas aeruginosa type I-F CRISPR-Cas adaptation determined using a biofilm enrichment assay. J Bacteriol 198:3080–3090. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00458-16
Hurley A, Bassler BL (2017) Asymmetric regulation of quorum-sensing receptors drives autoinducer-specific gene expression programs in Vibrio cholerae. PLoS Genet 13:e1006826. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006826
Lee J, Zhang L (2015) The hierarchy quorum sensing network in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Protein Cell 6:26–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-014-0100-x
Li R, Fang L, Tan S, Yu M, Li X, He S, Wei Y, Li G, Jiang J, Wu M (2016) Type I CRISPR-Cas targets endogenous genes and regulates virulence to evade mammalian host immunity. Cell Res 26:1273–1287. https://doi.org/10.1038/cr.2016.135
Liu L, Li X, Ma J, Li Z, You L, Wang J, Wang M, Zhang X, Wang Y (2017a) The molecular architecture for RNA-guided RNA cleavage by Cas13a. Cell 170:714–726 e710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.050
Liu L, Li X, Wang J, Wang M, Chen P, Yin M, Li J, Sheng G, Wang Y (2017b) Two distant catalytic sites are responsible for C2c2 RNase activities. Cell 168:121–134 e112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.12.031
Marraffini LA, Sontheimer EJ (2010) CRISPR interference: RNA-directed adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea. Nat Rev Genet 11:181–190. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2749
Patterson AG, Jackson SA, Evans TC, Salmond GB, Przybilski GP, Staals RH R, Fineran PC (2016) Quorum sensing controls adaptive immunity through the regulation of multiple CRISPR-Cas systems. Mol Cell 64:1102–1108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.012
Pausch P, Muller-Esparza H, Gleditzsch D, Altegoer F, Randau L, Bange G (2017) Structural variation of type I-F CRISPR RNA guided DNA surveillance. Mol Cell 67:622–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2017.06.036
Puschnik AS, Majzoub K, Ooi YS, Carette JE (2017) A CRISPR toolbox to study virus-host interactions. Nat Rev Microbiol 15:351–364. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.29
Qi LS, Larson MH, Gilber LA, Doudna JA, Weissman JS, Arkin AP, Lim WA (2013) Repurposing CRISPR as an RNA-guided platform for sequence-specific control of gene expression. Cell 152:1173–1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2013.02.022
Sampson TR, Saroj SD, Llewellyn AC, Tzeng YL, Weis DS (2013) A CRISPR/Cas system mediates bacterial innate immune evasion and virulence. Nature 497:254–257. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12048
Schaefer AL, Lappala CR, Morlen RP, Pelletier DA, Lu T-YS, Lankford PK, Harwood CS, Peter Greenberg E (2013) LuxR- and LuxI-Type Quorum-Sensing Circuits Are Prevalent in Members of the Populus deltoides Microbiome. Appl Environ Microbiol 79(18):5745–5752
Semenova E, Severinov K (2016) Come together: CRISPR-Cas immunity senses the quorum. Mol Cell 64:1013–1015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.037
Shao C, Shang W, Yang Z, Sun Z, Li Y, Guo J, Wang X, Zou D, Wang S, Lei H, Cui Q, Yin Z, Li X, Wei X, Liu W, He X, Jiang Z, Du S, Liao X, Huang L, Wang Y, Yuan J (2012) LuxS-dependent AI-2 regulates versatile functions in Enterococcus faecalis V583. J Proteome Res 11:4465–4475. https://doi.org/10.1021/pr3002244
Song M (2017) The CRISPR/Cas9 system: their delivery, in vivo and ex vivo applications and clinical development by startups. Biotechnol Prog 33:1035–1043. https://doi.org/10.1002/btpr.2484
Stern A, Keren L, Wurtze O, Amitai G, Sorek R (2010) Self-targeting by CRISPR: gene regulation or autoimmunity? Trends Genet 26:335–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2010.05.008
Tan CH, Koh KS, Xie C, Zhang J, Tan XH, Lee GP, Zhou Y, Ng WJ, Rice SA, Kjelleberg S (2015) Community quorum sensing signalling and quenching: microbial granular biofilm assembly. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 1:15006. https://doi.org/10.1038/npjbiofilms.2015.6
Vuotto C, Longo F, Pascolini C, Donell G, Balice MP, Libori MF, Varaldo PE (2017) Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary strains. J Appl Microbiol. 123:1003–1018. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.13533
Westra ER, Brouns SJ (2012) The rise and fall of CRISPRs – dynamics of spacer acquisition and loss. Mol Microbiol 85:1021–1025. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08170.x
Wright AV, Liu JJ, Knott GJ, Doxzen KW, Nogales E, Doudna JA (2017) Structures of the CRISPR genome integration complex. Science 64:eaao0679. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0679
Yosef I, Goren MG, Qimron U (2012) Proteins and DNA elements essential for the CRISPR adaptation process in Escherichia coli. Nucleic Acids Res 40:5569–5576. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks216
Yu D, Zhao L, Xue T, Sun B (2012) Staphylococcus aureus autoinducer-2 quorum sensing decreases biofilm formation in an icaR-dependent manner. BMC Microbiol 12:288. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-12-288
Zegans ME, Wagner JC, Cady KC, Murphy DM, Hammond JH, O’Toole GA (2009) Interaction between bacteriophage DMS3 and host CRISPR region inhibits group behaviors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Bacteriol 191:210–219. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00797-08
Zuberi A, Misb L, Khan AU (2017) CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) inhibition of luxS gene expression in E. coli: an approach to inhibit biofilm. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:214. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2017.00214
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pu, Q., Wu, M. (2018). CRISPR-Cas Systems Regulate Quorum Sensing Genes and Alter Virulence in Bacteria. In: Kalia, V. (eds) Quorum Sensing and its Biotechnological Applications. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0848-2_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0848-2_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-0847-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-0848-2
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)