Abstract
The principle of liquid SPM/AFM is the same as atmospheric AFM (Fig. 55.1). When a probe is near or in contact with a sample surface, an image of the probe–sample interaction with atomic resolution can be obtained. The difference between atmospheric observations and liquid SPM/AFM is that the probe and sample are immersed in a solution.
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Kogure, A. (2018). Liquid SPM/AFM. In: The Surface Science Society of Japan (eds) Compendium of Surface and Interface Analysis. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6156-1_55
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6156-1_55
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