Adaptive Beamforming for Linear Antenna Arrays Using Gravitational Search Algorithm

Abstract

Smart antenna is one of the leading innovations in the area of mobile communication which has drawn the attention of researchers as it fulfills the requirement of wireless services such as higher data rates and channel capacities. Adaptive beamforming (ABF) is one of the primary signal processing aspects of smart antenna. The problem of ABF is formulated as an optimization problem for linear antenna arrays. A novel gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is explored for optimizing the function which will effectively fit to the condition such as to direct the main lobe toward the desired direction of signal of concern (DS) and zero output (null) in the undesired direction of signals (UDS). The optimization algorithm shows good steering ability, and the simulation result verifies that the algorithm presents radiation pattern with reduced side lobe level (SLL) as compared to well-known minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) technique. The simulations are carried out at different power levels of the incoming signals for analyzing overall performance of algorithms.