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Notes
- 1.
For a map of the distribution of cultivators in southern India, see the online atlas of Oliveau (ed.), 2003: www.atlasindia.parisgeo.cnrs.fr/files/cawf_si.htm. According to the 2011 Population Census, 55% of farmers were agricultural labourers, while 45% were cultivators.
- 2.
This work is complemented by statistical studies at a much larger scale of the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), the NCEUS (2007) and the 2011 Population Census.
- 3.
Officially, 62% of the Indian UAA is now irrigated (2009–2010), but only 37% of it is used to grow more than one crop per year.
- 4.
Upland rice is virtually unknown in the region.
- 5.
Irrigation by village embankment ponds (called tanks) is nowadays more a form of an ad hoc supply of water than a means to practice off-season cultivation, given the generally low water availability.
- 6.
This vague term is intentionally used here, since it is difficult to distinguish between what is cause and what is consequence, with everything functioning in feedback loops (Fig. 1).
- 7.
In the terminology of the World Bank’s World Development Report 2000/2001: Attacking Poverty.
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Landy, F. (2018). Fragmentation of Irrigated Family Farms in Southern India. In: Bosc, PM., Sourisseau, JM., Bonnal, P., Gasselin, P., Valette, É., Bélières, JF. (eds) Diversity of Family Farming Around the World. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1617-6_23
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