Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Population Dynamics of Demersal Fish Focusing on Walleye Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus)

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Fish Population Dynamics, Monitoring, and Management

Part of the book series: Fisheries Science Series ((FISHSS))

Abstract

Demersal fishes constitute a high trophic level in marine ecosystems. They have relatively long lifespans, and because their biomass does not easily recover after collapse, they are considered more vulnerable to overfishing than pelagic fishes. Like pelagic fishes, the population dynamics of demersal fishes are closely linked to environmental changes. Therefore, their stock management must consider their biological characteristics in relation to environmental factors. This chapter reviews the relationships of demersal fish recruitment with various environmental factors, focusing on walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) as an example of an important demersal fish resource. In addition, the incorporation of recruitment studies with stock assessment works is discussed. Finally, recommendations for future fisheries management strategies based on interdisciplinary research are also provided.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adkison MD (2009) Drawbacks of complex models in frequentist and Bayesian approaches to natural-resource management. Ecol Appl 19:198–205

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey KM (2000) Shifting control of recruitment of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) after a major climate and ecosystem change. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 198:215–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey KM, Spring S (1992) Comparison of larval, age-0 juvenile and age-2 recruit abundance indices of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the western Gulf of Alaska. ICES J Mar Sci 49:297–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey KM, Brodeur RD, Hollowed AB (1996) Cohort survival patterns of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, in Shelikof Strait, Alaska: a critical factor analysis. Fish Oceanogr 5(Suppl 1):179–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey KM, Quinn TJ, Bentzen P, Grant WS (1999) Population structure and dynamics of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma. Adv Mar Biol 37:179–255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey KM, Ciannelli L, Agostini VN (2003) Complexity and constraints combined in simple models of recruitment. In: The big fish bang: proceedings of the 26th annual larval fish conference. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, pp 293–302

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey KM, Ciannelli L, Bond N, Belgrano A, Stenseth NC (2005) Recruitment of walleye pollock in a physically and biologically complex ecosystem: a new perspective. Prog Oceanogr 67:24–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey KM, Zhang T, Chan KS, Porter SM, Dougherty AB (2012) Near real-time forecasting of recruitment from larval surveys: application to Alaska pollock. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 452:205–217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bjørnstad ON, Fromentin JM, Stenseth NC, Gjøsæter J (1999) Cycles and trends in cod populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:5066–5071

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brawn VM (1961) Reproductive behaviour of the cod (Gadus callarias L.) Behaviour 18:177–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buckley LJ, Caldarone EM, Lough RG (2004) Optimum temperature and food-limited growth of larval Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) on Georges Bank. Fish Oceanogr 13:134–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bulatov OA (1995) Biomass variation of walleye pollock of the Bering Sea in relation to oceanological conditions. In: Beamish RJ (ed) Climate change and northern fish populations. Can Spec Publ Fish Aquat Sci 121:631–640

    Google Scholar 

  • Bulatov OA (2014) Walleye pollock: global overview. Fish Sci 80:109–116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caley MJ, Carr MH, Hixon MA, Hughes TP, Jones GP, Menge BA (1996) Recruitment and the local dynamics of open marine populations. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 27:477–500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cardinale M, Arrhenius F (2000) The influence of stock structure and environmental conditions on the recruitment process of Baltic cod estimated using a generalized additive model. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 57:2402–2409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carr SM, Marshall HD (2008) Phylogeographic analysis of complete mtDNA genomes from walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1811) shows an ancient origin of genetic biodiversity. Mito DNA 19:490–496

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chimura M, Yamashita Y, Tanaka H, Funamoto T (2015) Stock assessment and evaluation for northern Japan Sea stock of walleye pollock. In: Marine fisheries stock assessment and evaluation for Japanese waters (fiscal year 2014/2015). Fisheries Agency and Fisheries Research Agency of Japan, Tokyo, pp 307–362 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Churchill JH, Runge J, Chen CS (2011) Processes controlling retention of spring-spawned Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the western Gulf of Maine and their relationship to an index of recruitment success. Fish Oceanogr 20:32–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ciannelli L, Chan KS, Bailey KM, Stenseth NC (2004) Nonadditive effects of the environment on the survival of a large marine fish population. Ecology 85:3418–3427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins MA, Brickle P, Brown J, Belchier M (2010) The Patagonian toothfish: biology, ecology and fishery. Adv Mar Biol 58:227–300

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coulson MW, Marshall HD, Pepin P, Carr SM (2006) Mitochondrial genomics of gadine fishes: implications for taxonomy and biogeographic origins from whole-genome data sets. Genome 49:1115–1130

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DFO (2012) Assessment of the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence (3Pn, 4RS) cod stock in 2011. DFO Can Sci Advis Sec Sci Advis Rep 2012/005

    Google Scholar 

  • Dorn M, Aydin K, Jones D, Palsson W, Spalinger K (2013) Assessment of the walleye pollock stock in the Gulf of Alaska. In: Stock assessment and fishery evaluation report for the groundfish resources of the Gulf of Alaska. North Pacific Fishery Management Council, Anchorage, pp 53–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Engas A, Soldal AV (1992) Diurnal variations in bottom trawl catch rates of cod and haddock and their influence on abundance indexes. ICES J Mar Sci 49:89–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FAO (2013) Fishery and aquaculture statistics 2011. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisheries Agency and Fisheries Research Agency (2014) Marine fisheries stock assessment and evaluation for Japanese waters (fiscal year 2013/2014). Fisheries Agency and Fisheries Research Agency of Japan, Tokyo (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisheries Research Agency (2009) The grand design of fisheries and resources management in Japan. Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fujita T, Kitagawa D, Okuyama Y, Ishito Y, Inada T, Jin Y (1995) Diets of the demersal fishes on the shelf off Iwate, northern Japan. Mar Biol 123:219–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Funamoto T (2007) Temperature-dependent stock-recruitment model for walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) around northern Japan. Fish Oceanogr 16:515–525

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Funamoto T (2011) Causes of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) recruitment decline in the northern Sea of Japan: implications for stock management. Fish Oceanogr 20:95–103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Funamoto T, Yamamura O, Kono T, Hamatsu T, Nishimura A (2013) Abiotic and biotic factors affecting recruitment variability of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) off the Pacific coast of Hokkaido, Japan. Fish Oceanogr 22:193–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Funamoto T, Yamamura O, Shida O, Itaya K, Mori K, Hiyama Y, Sakurai Y (2014) Comparison of factors affecting recruitment variability of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan off northern Japan. Fish Sci 80:117–126

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Funamoto T, Yamashita Y, Chimura M, Tanaka H (2015) Stock assessment and evaluation for Japanese Pacific stock of walleye pollock. In: Marine fisheries stock assessment and evaluation for Japanese waters (fiscal year 2014/2015). Fisheries Agency and Fisheries Research Agency of Japan, Tokyo, pp 402–447 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamai I, Kyushin K, Kinoshita T (1971) Effect of temperature on the body form and mortality in the developmental and early larval stages of the Alaska pollack, Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas). Bull Fac Fish Hokkaido Univ 22:11–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Hilborn R, Walters CJ (1992) Quantitative fisheries stock assessment: choice, dynamics, and uncertainty. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp 1–570

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Honda S, Oshima T, Nishimura A, Hattori T (2004) Movement of juvenile walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, from a spawning ground to a nursery ground along the Pacific coast of Hokkaido, Japan. Fish Oceanogr 13(Suppl 1):84–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt GL Jr, Stabeno P, Walters G, Sinclair E, Brodeur RD, Napp JM, Bond NA (2002) Climate change and control of the southeastern Bering Sea pelagic ecosystem. Deep-Sea Res II 49:5821–5853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt GL Jr, Coyle KO, Eisner LB, Farley EV, Heintz RA, Mueter F, Napp JM, Overland JE, Ressler PH, Salo S, Stabeno PJ (2011) Climate impacts on eastern Bering Sea foodwebs: a synthesis of new data and an assessment of the oscillating control hypothesis. ICES J Mar Sci 68:1230–1243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ianelli JN, Barbeaux S, Honkalehto T, Kotwicki S, Aydin K, Williamson N (2009) Eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock stock assessment. In: Stock assessment and fishery evaluation report for the groundfish resources of the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands regions. North Pacific Fishery Management Council, Anchorage, pp 49–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Ianelli JN, Honkalehto T, Barbeaux S, Kotwicki S, Aydin K, Williamson N (2013) Eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock stock assessment. In: Stock assessment and fishery evaluation report for the groundfish resources of the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands regions. North Pacific Fishery Management Council, Anchorage, pp 53–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawasaki T (1980) Fundamental relations among the selections of life history in the marine teleosts. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish 46:289–293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kendall AW Jr, Nakatani T (1992) Comparisons of early life history characteristics of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in Shelikof Strait, Gulf of Alaska, and Funka Bay, Hokkaido, Japan. Fish Bull US 90:129–138

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim ST (2013) Some conceptions applying to climate-oceanography events and fish resources dynamics in the Sea of Okhotsk. In: Sakurai Y, Ohshima KI, Ohtaishi N (eds) Ecosystems and its conservation in the Sea of Okhotsk. Hokkaido University Press, pp 65–75 (in Japanese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimura DK, Shimada AM, Shaw FR (1998) Stock structure and movement of tagged sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, in offshore northeast Pacific waters and the effects of El Niño-Southern Oscillation on migration and growth. Fish Bull 96:462–481

    Google Scholar 

  • King JR, McFarlane GA (2003) Marine fish life history strategies: applications to fishery management. Fish Manag Ecol 10:249–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kooka K (2012) Life-history traits of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, in the northeastern Japan Sea during early to mid 1990s. Fish Res 113:35–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kooka K, Yamamura O, Nishimura A, Hamatsu T, Yanagimoto T (2007) Optimum temperature for growth of juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 347:69–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuroda H, Takahashi D, Mitsudera H, Azumaya T, Setou T (2014) A preliminary study to understand the transport process for the eggs and larvae of Japanese Pacific walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma using particle-tracking experiments based on a high-resolution ocean model. Fish Sci 80:127–138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Link JS, Garrison LP (2002) Trophic ecology of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua on the northeast US continental shelf. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 227:109–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ludsin SA, DeVanna KM, Smith REH (2014) Physical–biological coupling and the challenge of understanding fish recruitment in freshwater lakes. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 71:775–794

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Makino M, Sakurai Y (2014) Towards integrated research in fisheries science. Fish Sci 80:227–236

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marteinsdottir G, Begg GA (2002) Essential relationships incorporating the influence of age, size and condition on variables required for estimation of reproductive potential in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 235:235–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martins AS, Haimovici M, Palacios R (2005) Diet and feeding of the cutlassfish Trichiurus lepturus in the subtropical convergence ecosystem of southern Brazil. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 85(1223):1229

    Google Scholar 

  • Megrey BA (1989) Review and comparison of age-structured stock assessment models from theoretical and applied points of view. Am Fish Soc Symp 6:8–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyake H, Yoshida H, Ueda Y (1996) Distribution and abundance of age-0 juvenile walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, along the Pacific coast of southeastern Hokkaido, Japan. NOAA Tech Rep NMFS 126:3–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyashita K, Tetsumura K, Honda S, Oshima T, Kawabe R, Sasaki K (2004) Diel changes in vertical distribution patterns of zooplankton and walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) off the Pacific coast of eastern Hokkaido, Japan, estimated by the volume back scattering strength (Sv) difference method. Fish Oceanogr 13(Suppl 1):99–110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mueter FJ, Ladd C, Palmer MC, Norcross BL (2006) Bottom-up and top-down controls of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) on the Eastern Bering Sea shelf. Prog Oceanogr 68:152–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mueter FJ, Bond NA, Ianelli JN, Hollowed AB (2011) Expected declines in recruitment of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the eastern Bering Sea under future climate change. ICES J Mar Sci 68:1284–1296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munekiyo M (1990) Diurnal vertical migration of a ribbon fish in the western Wakasa Bay. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish 56:967–971

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nakatani T (1988) Studies on the early life history of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in Funka Bay and vicinity, Hokkaido. Mem Fac Fish Hokkaido Univ 35:1–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Natsume M, Sasaki M (1995) Distribution of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, larvae and juveniles off the northern coast of Hokkaido. Sci Rep Hokkaido Fish Exp Stn 47:33–40 (in Japanese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Needle CL (2001) Recruitment models: diagnosis and prognosis. Rev Fish Biol Fish 11:95–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura A, Hamatsu T, Shida O, Mihara I, Mutoh T (2007) Interannual variability in hatching period and early growth of juvenile walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, in the Pacific coastal area of Hokkaido. Fish Oceanogr 16:229–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pace ML (2003) The utility of simple models in ecosystem science. In: Canham CD, Cole JJ, Lauenroth WD (eds) Models in ecosystem science. Princeton University Press, Princeton, pp 49–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Pihl L (1994) Changes in the diet of demersal fish due to eutrophication-induced hypoxia in the Kattegat, Sweden. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 51:321–336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sakurai Y (1989) Reproductive characteristics of walleye pollock with special reference to ovarian development, fecundity and spawning behavior. In: Proceeding of the international symposium on the biology and management of Walleye Pollock. Alaska Sea Grant Report 89, pp 97–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakurai Y (2007) An overview of the Oyashio ecosystem. Deep-Sea Res II 54:2526–2542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shida O, Nishimura A (2002) Hatch date distribution of age 0 walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, off the Pacific coast of eastern Hokkaido, in relation to spawning populations. Bull Jpn Soc Fish Oceanogr 66:232–238 (in Japanese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu M, Isoda Y (1997) The transport process of walleye pollock eggs into Funka Bay in winter. Bull Jpn Soc Fish Oceanogr 61:134–143 (in Japanese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sogard SM (1997) Size-selective mortality in the juvenile stage of teleost fishes: a review. Bull Mar Sci 60:1129–1157

    Google Scholar 

  • Thrush SF, Dayton PK (2002) Disturbance to marine benthic habitats by trawling and dredging: implications for marine biodiversity. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 33:449–473

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner SJ, Thrush SF, Hewitt JE, Cummings VJ, Funnell G (1999) Fishing impacts and the degradation or loss of habitat structure. Fish Manag Ecol 6:401–420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wespestad VG, Quinn TJ (1996) Importance of cannibalism in the population dynamics of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma. NOAA Tech Rep NMFS 126:212–216

    Google Scholar 

  • Wespestad VG, Fritz LW, Ingraham WJ, Megrey BA (2000) On relationships between cannibalism, climate variability, physical transport, and recruitment success of Bering Sea walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma). ICES J Mar Sci 57:272–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wyllie-Echeverria T, Wooster WS (1998) Year-to-year variations in Bering Sea ice cover and some consequences for fish distributions. Fish Oceanogr 7:159–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamashita Y, Tanaka M, Miller JM (2001) Ecophysiology of juvenile flatfish in nursery grounds. J Sea Res 45:205–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang T, Bailey KM, Chan KS (2010) Recruitment forecast models for walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma fine-tuned from juvenile survey data, predator abundance and environmental phase shifts. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 417:237–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Kushiro, Hokkaido, Japan

    Tetsuichiro Funamoto

Authors
  1. Tetsuichiro Funamoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tetsuichiro Funamoto .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Ichiro Aoki

  2. Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Takashi Yamakawa

  3. Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

    Akinori Takasuka

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Japan KK and the Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Funamoto, T. (2018). Population Dynamics of Demersal Fish Focusing on Walleye Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus). In: Aoki, I., Yamakawa, T., Takasuka, A. (eds) Fish Population Dynamics, Monitoring, and Management. Fisheries Science Series. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56621-2_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation