Zusammenfassung
Die Grundlage für ein dysfunktionales Management liefern stabile Eigenschaften der verantwortlichen Manager. Hierzu zählen Persönlichkeitsmerkmale wie etwa Extraversion oder Offenheit, aber auch explizit negative Eigenschaften wie Narzissmus oder Machiavellismus. Eine nachweislich besondere Bedeutung kommt der Intelligenz zu. Sie allein erklärt im Durchschnitt 45 % der beruflichen Leistung von Managern. Weitere Quellen für dysfunktionales Management können Defizite in den sozialen Kompetenzen sowie der emotionalen Kompetenz darstellen. Zu guter Letzt stellt sich die Frage, welche Ziele Manager mit ihren vorhandenen Eigenschaften verfolgen. Hierbei kommt Werten und Arbeitsmotiven eine wichtige Rolle zu. Die Eigenschaften können im Zusammenspiel untereinander die Wahrscheinlichkeit für Managementfehler heben oder senken.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Literatur
Appel, H., & Hein, C. (1998). Der DaimlerChrysler Deal. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt.
Asendorpf, J. B., & Neyer, F. J. (2012). Psychologie der Persönlichkeit. Berlin: Springer.
Babiak, P., & Hare, R. D. (2007). Snakes in suits: When psychopaths go to work. New York: Harper.
Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Judge, T. A. (2001). Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next? International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9, 9–30.
Becker, N., Höft, S., Holzenkamp, M., & Spinath, F. M. (2011). The predictive validity of assessment centers in German-speaking regions. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 10, 61–69.
Berger, S., & Kanape-Willingshofer, A. (2015). Führung und Intelligenz. In J. Felfe (Hrsg.), Trends der psychologischen Führungsforschung (S. 393–403). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Bognanni, M. (2016). Middelhoff: Abstieg eines Star-Managers. Frankfurt: Campus.
Boltz, J., Kanning, U. P., & Hüttemann, T. (2009). Qualitätsstandards für Assessment Center – Treffende Prognosen durch Beachtung von Standards. Personalführung, 10, 32–37.
Bouchard, T. J., & McGue, M. (2003). Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences. Journal of Neurobiology, 54, 4–45.
Burke, C. S., Stagl, K. C., Klein, C., Goodwin, G. F., Salas, E., & Halpin, S. M. (2006). What type of leadership behaviors are functional in teams? A meta-analysis. The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 288–307.
Cacioppo, J. T., & Petty, R. E. (1982). The need for cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 116–131.
Carnavale, J. J., & Lerner, J. S. (2011). Individual differences in need for cognition and decision-making competence among leaders. Personality and Individual Differences, 51, 274–278.
Carson, M. A., Heggestad, E. D., Andrew, A. M., Pugh, S. D., & Walter, M. (2012). The relationship between dysfunctional interpersonal tendencies, derailment potential, and turnover. Journal of Business Psychology, 27, 291–304.
Cattell, R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54, 1–22.
Chapman, D. S., Uggerslev, K. L., Carroll, S. A., Piasentin, K. A., & Jones, D. A. (2005). Applicant attraction to organizations and job choice: A meta-analytic review of the correlates of recruiting outcome. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 928–944.
Chiaburu, D. S., Oh, I.-S., Berry, C. M., Li, N., & Gardner, R. G. (2011). The five-factor model of personality traits and organizational citizenship behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 6, 1140–1166.
Deary, I., Penke, L., & Johnson, W. (2010). The neuroscience of human intelligence differences. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, 201–211.
Dotlich, D. L., & Cairo, P. C. (2003). Why CEO fail. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Ensai, N., Riggio, R. E., Christian, J., & Carshaw, G. (2011). Who emerges as a leader? Meta-analyses of individual differences as predictors of leadership emergence. Personality and Individual Differences, 51, 532–536.
Faix, W. G., & Laier, A. (1991). Soziale Kompetenz: Das Potential zum unternehmerischen und persönlichen Erfolg. Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler.
Falkai, P., & Wittchen, H.-U. (Hrsg.). (2015). Diagnostisches und statistisches Manual Psychischer Störungen DSM-5®. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Finkelstein, S. M. (2003). Why smart executives fail: And what can we learn from their mistakes. New York: Portfolio.
Frank, U., & Thorn, B. (1996). Paläste, Pleiten, Peanuts: Der Banken-Skandal Schneider. Hamburg: Hoffmann und Campe.
Frey, M. (1996). Die Akte Schneider. München: Pieper.
Furnham, A. (2007). Personality disorders and derailment at work: The paradoxical positive influence of pathology in the workplace. In J. Langan-Fox, C. L. Cooper, & R. J. Klimoski (Hrsg.), Research companion to the dysfunctional workplace: Management challenges and symptoms (S. 22–39). Northampton: Edward Elgar.
Goleman, D. (2007). Emotionale Intelligenz. München: Deutscher Taschenbuch.
Goosen, M., Sevä, I. J., & Larsson, D. (2016). Basic human values and white-collar crime: Findings from Europe. European Journal of Criminology, 13, 434–452.
Grässlin, J. (2005). Das Daimler-Desaster: Vom Vorzeigekonzern zum Sanierungsfall? München: Droemer.
Grässlin, J. (2007). Abgewirtschaftet?! – Das Daimler-Desaster geht weiter. München: Knaur.
Grijalva, E., Harms, P. D., Newman, D. A., Gaddis, B. H., & Fraley, C. (2013). Narcissism and leadership: A meta-analytic review if linear and nonlinear relationships. Personnel Psychology, 68, 1–47.
Guilford, J. P. (1961). Factorial angles to psychology. Psychological Review, 68, 1–20.
Harms, P. D., & Credé, M. (2010). Emotional intelligence and transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analysis. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 17, 5–17.
Harms, P. D., & Spain, S. M. (2015). Beyond the bright side: Dark personality at work. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 64, 15–24.
Harms, P. D., Spain, S. M., & Hannah, S. T. (2011). Leader development and the dark side of personality. The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 495–509.
Hogan, R., & Hogan, S. (2001). Assessing leadership: A view of the dark side. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9, 49–51.
Hogan, J., Hogan, R., & Kaiser, R. B. (2010). Management derailment: Personality assessment and mitigation. In S. Zedeck (Hrsg.), Handbook of industrial an organizational psychology (Bd. 3, S. 555–575). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Holling, H., & Kanning, U. P. (1999). Hochbegabung: Forschungsergebnisse und Förderungsmöglichkeiten. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Hülsheger, U. R., Maier, G. W., Stumpp, T., & Muck, P. (2006). Vergleich kriteriumsbezogener Validitäten verschiedener Intelligenztests zur Vorhersage von Ausbildungserfolg in Deutschland: Ergebnisse einer Metaanalyse. Zeitschrift für Personalpsychologie, 5, 145–162.
Hülsheger, U. R., Maier, G. W., & Stumpp, T. (2007). Validity of general mental ability for the prediction of job performance and training success in Germany: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 15, 3–18.
Hurtz, G. M., & Donovan, J. J. (2000). Personality and job performance: The big five revisited. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 869–879.
Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The dirty dozen: A concise measure of the dark triad. Psychological Assessment, 22, 420–432.
Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M. W. (2002). Personality and leadership: A qualitative and quantitative review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 765–780.
Judge, T. A., Colbert, A. E. & Illies, R. (2004). Intelligence and leadership: A quantitative review and test of theoretical propositions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 542–552.
Kanning, U. P. (2002). Soziale Kompetenz: Definition, Strukturen und Prozesse. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 210, 154–163.
Kanning, U. P. (2009a). Diagnostik sozialer Kompetenzen (2., überarb. Aufl.). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Kanning, U. P. (2009b). Diagnostik sozialer Kompetenzen (2., überarb. Aufl.). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Kanning, U. P. (2014a). Managementversagen – Eine diagnostische Perspektive. Wirtschaftspsychologie, 3, 13–20.
Kanning, U. P. (2014b). Inventar zur Messung sozialer Kompetenzen in Selbst- und Fremdbild (ISK-360°). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Kanning, U. P. (2015a). Personalauswahl zwischen Anspruch und Wirklichkeit – Eine wirtschaftspsychologische Analyse. Berlin: Springer.
Kanning, U. P. (2015b). Auswahl von Führungskräften. In J. Felfe (Hrsg.), Trends der psychologischen Führungsforschung (S. 407–416). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Kanning, U. P. (2015c). Soziale Kompetenzen fördern (2., überarb. Aufl.). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Kanning, U. P. (2016a). Wie Bewerberinnen und Bewerber die Praxis der Personalauswahl erleben und bewerten. Report Psychologie, 2, 56–66.
Kanning, U. P. (2016b). Inventar zur Erfassung von Arbeitsmotiven (IEA). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Kanning, U. P. (2017a). 50 Strategien, die falschen Mitarbeiter zu finden und wie Sie es besser machen können. Weinheim: Beltz.
Kanning, U. P. (2017b). Fairness und Akzeptanz von Personalauswahlmethoden. In D. E. Krause (Hrsg.), Personalauswahl (S. 271–299). Wiesbaden: SpringerGabler.
Kanning, U. P. (2018a). Diagnostik für Führungspositionen. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Kanning, U. P. (2018b). Standards der Personaldiagnostik. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Kanning, U. P., Bergmann, N., Eble, V., & Gärtner, S. (2009). Bedeutung sozialer Kompetenzen des Servicepersonals für die Kundenzufriedenheit in drei verschiedenen Branchen. Wirtschaftspsychologie, 11, 52–58.
Kellermann, B. (2004). Bad leadership. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Lauriola, M., Panno, A., Levin, I. P., & Lejuez, C. W. (2013). Individual differences in risky decision making: A meta-analysis of sensation seeking and impulsivity with the balloon analogue risk task. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 27, 20–36.
Lombardo, M. M., & Eichinger, R. W. (2006). The leadership machine (3. Aufl.). Minneapolis: Lominger.
Lounsbury, J. W., Sundstrom, E. D., Gibons, L. W., Loveland, J. M., & Drost, A. W. (2014). Core personality traits of managers. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31, 434–450.
Marcus, B. (2000). Kontraproduktives Verhalten im Betrieb. Göttingen: Verlag für Angewandte Psychologie.
Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper.
McCall, M. W., Jr., & Lombardo, M. M. (1983). Off the track: Why and how successful executives get derailed (Technical support no. 21). Greensboro: Center for creative leadership.
McClelland, D. C. (1985). How motives, skills, and values determine what people do. American Psychologist, 40, 812–825.
McDonald, L. G., & Robinson, P. (2010). Dead Bank Walking: Wie Lehman Brothers zusammenbrach. Hamburg: Hoffmann und Campe.
Miao, C., Humphrey, R. H., & Qian, S. (2017a). A meta-analysis of emotional intelligence and work attitudes. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 90, 177–202.
Miao, C., Humphrey, R. H., & Qian, S. (2017b). Are the emotionally intelligent good citizens or counterproductive? A meta-analysis of emotional intelligence and its relationships with organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 116, 144–156.
Momeni, N. (2009). The relation between managers’ emotional intelligence and the organizational climate they create. Journal of the Public Personnel Management, 38, 35–48.
Moscoso, S., & Salgado, J. F. (2004). Dark side personality styles as predictors of task, contextual, and job performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 12, 356–362.
Mount, M. K., Barrick, M. R., & Stewart, G. L. (1998). Five-factor model of personality and performance in jobs involving interpersonal interaction. Human Performance, 11, 145–165.
Muris, P., Merckelbach, H., Otgaar, H., & Meijer, E. (2017). The malevolent side of human nature: A meta-analysis and critical review of the literature on the dark triad (narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12, 183–204.
Neubauer, A. C. (2005). Intelligenz. In H. Weber & T. Rammsayer (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Persönlichkeitspsychologie und differentiellen Psychologie (S. 321–332). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
O’Boyle, E. H., Jr., Humphrey, R. H., Pollack, J. M., Hawver, T. H., & Story, P. A. (2011). The relation between emotional intelligence and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32, 788–818.
O’Boyle, E. H., Jr., Forsyth, D. R., Banks, G. C., & Mc Daniel, M. A. (2012). A meta-analysis of the dark triad and work behavior: A social exchange perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 557–570.
O’Connor, P. J., Stone, S., Walker, B. R., & Jackson, C. J. (2017). Deviant behavior in constrained environments: Sensation-seeking predicts workplace deviance in shallow learners. Personality and Individual Differences, 108, 20–25.
Ones, D. S., & Dilchert, S. (2009). How special are executives? How spezial should executives selection be? Observations and recommendations. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 2, 163–170.
Ones, D. S., & Viswesvaran, C. (2001). Integrity tests and other criterion focused occupational personality scales (COPS) used in personnel selection. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9, 31–39.
Ones, D. S., Viswesvaran, C., & Schmidt, F. L. (1993). Comprehensive meta-analysis of integrity tests validities: Findings and implications for personnel selection and theories of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 679–703.
Ones, D. S., Viswesvaran, C., & Schmidt, F. L. (2003). Personality and absenteeism: A meta-analysis of integrity tests. European Journal of Personality, 17, 19–38.
Ones, D. S., Viswesvaran, C., & Schmidt, F. L. (2012). Integrity tests predict counterproductive work behavior and job performance well: Comment on Van Iddekinge, Roth, Raymark, and Odle-Dusseau (2012). Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 537–542.
Ostendorf, F., & Angleitner, A. (2004). NEO-Persönlichkeitsinventar nach Costa und McCrae, revidierte Fassung (NEO-PI-R). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36, 556–563.
Rasch, R., Shen, W., Davies, S. E., & Bono, J. (2008). The development of a taxonomy of ineffective leadership behaviors. Paper presented at the 23. Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, San Francisco.
Reio, T. G., Jr., & Sanders-Reio, J. (2006). Sensation seeking as an inhibitor of job performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 631–642.
Renner, W., & Salem, I. (2005). How culture specific values relate to universal ones: Human value orientations assessed by the Austrian value questionnaire as compared to the Schwartz Value Survey. Review of Psychology, 12, 3–14.
Rost, D. H. (1993). Lebensumweltanalyse hochbegabter Kinder. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Roth, M. (2003). Validation of the Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking (AISS): Efficiency to predict the willingness towards occupational change, and affection by social desirability. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 1307–1314.
Sackett, P. R., & Schmitt, N. (2012). On reconciling conflicting meta-analytic findings regarding integrity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 550–556.
Salgado, J. F. (1997). The five factor model of personality and job performance in the European community. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 30–45.
Salgado, J. F., Moscoso, S., de Fruyt, F., Anderson, N., Bertua, C., & Rolland, J. P. (2003). A meta-analytic study of general mental ability validity for different occupations in the European Community. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 1068–1081.
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional Intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 185–211.
Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S. L., Turvey, C., & Palfai, T. P. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the trait meta-mood-scale. In J. W. Pennebaker (Hrsg.), Emotion, disclosure, and health (S. 125–144). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Schmidt, N. (2014). Personality and cognitive ability as predictors of effective performance at work. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology & Organizational Behavior, 1, 45–65.
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (1998). The validity and utility of selection methods in personnel psychology: practice and theoretical implications of 85 years of research findings. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 262–274.
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (2004). General mental ability in the world of work: Occupational attainment and job performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 162–173.
Schmidt-Atzert, L., Deter, B., & Jaeckel, S. (2004). Prädiktion von Ausbildungserfolg: Allgemeine Intelligenz (g) oder spezifische kognitive Fähigkeiten? Zeitschrift für Personalpsychologie, 3, 147–158.
Schuler, H. (2002). Emotionale Intelligenz – Ein irreführender und unnötiger Begriff. Zeitschrift für Personalpsychologie, 1, 138–140.
Schuler, H., & Barthelme, D. (1995). Soziale Kompetenz als berufliche Anforderung. In B. Seyfried (Hrsg.), Stolperstein Sozialkompetenz. Was macht es so schwierig sie zu erfassen, zu fördern und zu beurteilen? (Berichte zur Beruflichen Bildung, Bd. 179, S. 77–116). Bielefeld: Bertelsmann.
Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. Zanna (Hrsg.), Advances in ex-perimental social psychology (Bd. 25, S. 1–65). New York: Academic Press.
Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Are there universal aspects in the content and structure of values? Journal of Social Issues, 50, 19–45.
Schwarzinger, D., & Schuler, H. (2016). Dark triad of personality at work (TOP). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Schwarzinger, D., & Schuler, H. (2017). Die Dunkle Triade der Persönlichkeit im Berufskontext. Report Psychologie, 42, 298–305.
Spearman, C. (1927). The abilities of man. New York: Macmillan.
Specht, J., Egloff, B., & Schmukle, S. C. (2011). Stability and change of personality across the life course: The impact of age and major life events on mean-level and rank-order stability of the Big Five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 862–882.
Spurk, D., Keller, A., & Hirschi, A. (2016). Do bad guys get ahead or fall behind? Relationships of the dark triad of personality with objective and subjective career success. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 7, 113–121.
Steinmayer, J. D., Schütz, A., Hertel, J., & Schröder-Abé, M. (2011). Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Test zur Emotionalen Intelligenz (MSCEIT). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Tett, R. P., Jackson, D. N., & Rothstein, M. (1991). Personality measures as predictors of job performance: A meta-analytic review. Personnel Psychology, 44, 703–742.
Tett, R. P., Jackson, D. N., Rothstein, M., & Reddon, J. R. (1999). Meta-analysis of bidirectional relations in personality-job performance research. Human Performance, 12, 1–29.
Thornton, G. C., III, Hollenbeck, G. P., & Johnson, S. K. (2010). Selecting leaders: Executives and high potentials. In J. L. Farr & N. T. Tippins (Hrsg.), Handbook of employee selection (S. 823–840). New York: Routledge.
Van Iddekinge, C. H., Roth, P. L., Raymark, P. H. & Odle-Dusseau, H. N. (2012). The criterion-related validity of integrity tests: An updated meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(3), 499-530.
Vecchione, M., Casconi, T., & Barbaranelli, C. (2009). Assessing the circular structure of the portrait value questionnaire: A confirmatory factor analysis approach. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25, 231–238.
Verkasalo, M., Lönnqvist, J.-E., Lipsanene, J., & Helkama, K. (2008). European norm and equations for a two dimensional presentation of values as measured with Schwartz’s 21-Item portrait values questionnaire. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 780–792.
Vize, C. E., Lynam, D. R., & Miller, J. D. (2018). Differences among dark triad components: A meta analytic investigation. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 9, 101–111.
Walter, M., & Kanning, U. P. (2003). Wahrgenommene soziale Kompetenzen von Vorgesetzten und Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit. Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 47, 152–157.
Zettler, I., & Solga, M. (2013). Not enough of a dark triad? Linking Machiavellianism to job performance. European Journal of Personality, 27, 545–554.
Zhang, H.-H., & Wang, H. (2011). A meta-analysis of the relationship between individual emotional intelligence and workplace performance. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 43, 188–202.
Zuckmann, M. (1994). Behavioral expressions and biosocial bases of sensation seeking. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kanning, U.P. (2019). Stabile Eigenschaften der Manager. In: Managementfehler und Managerscheitern. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59386-8_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59386-8_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-59385-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-59386-8
eBook Packages: Psychology (German Language)