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Vorstellung verschiedener Therapiekonzepte

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Dysphagie

Part of the book series: Praxiswissen Logopädie ((PRAXISWISSEN))

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Zusammenfassung

In diesem Kapitel werden die Prinzipien wichtiger Therapiekonzepte der Dysphagiologie vorgestellt. Der 1. Abschnitt widmet sich der funktionellen Dysphagietherapie (FDT). Dabei handelt es sich um funktions- und problemorientierte Verfahren der Restitution, Kompensation und Adaption, deren Wirksamkeit im Sinne der „evidence-based medicine“ nachgewiesen wurde oder aufgrund der Pathophysiologie wahrscheinlich ist. Es folgt ein Abschnitt zum Behandlungsansatz nach Castillo Morales; dieses neurophysiologisch orientierte Therapiekonzept wurde für Kinder und Erwachsene mit kommunikativen, sensomotorischen und orofazialen Störungen entwickelt. Der 3. Abschnitt behandelt die Fazio-Orale-Trakt-Therapie (F.O.T.T.); dieses auf dem Bobath-Konzept basierende Verfahren fokussiert neurogene Störungen mimischer und oraler Bewegungen, des Schluckens, der Atmung, der Stimme und des Sprechens bei Menschen mit erworbenen Hirnschädigungen. Der darauffolgende Abschnitt über propriozeptive neuromuskuläre Fazilitation (PNF) behandelt schwerpunktmäßig das schlucktherapeutische Hauptelement des PNF-Konzeptes, das sog. Kopf-Hals-Muster, welches durch Aktivierung der Halsmuskulatur verschiedene schluckrelevante Bewegungen anbahnt bzw. erleichtert. Der letzte Abschnitt widmet sich neuen bzw. experimentellen Verfahren, die in Zukunft bei bestimmten Indikationen die „traditionelle“ Schlucktherapie zunehmend ergänzen werden; im Einzelnen werden dabei pharyngeale Elektrostimulation, neuromuskuläre Stimulation des Halsbereichs, repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation und transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation behandelt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Von-der-Vringstraβe 9, 81929, München, Deutschland

    Mario Prosiegel

  2. Friedberger Landstraβe 3g, 61197, Florstadt, Deutschland

    Susanne Weber

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  1. Mario Prosiegel
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  2. Susanne Weber
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© 2018 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature

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Prosiegel, M., Weber, S. (2018). Vorstellung verschiedener Therapiekonzepte. In: Dysphagie. Praxiswissen Logopädie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56132-4_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56132-4_9

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-56131-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-56132-4

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

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