Skip to main content

Three-Way Decisions in Stochastic Decision-Theoretic Rough Sets

  • Chapter
Transactions on Rough Sets XVIII

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((TRS,volume 8449))

Abstract

In the previous decision-theoretic rough sets (DTRS), its loss function values are precise. This paper extends the precise values of loss functions to a more realistic stochastic environment. The stochastic loss functions are induced to decision-theoretic rough set theory based on the bayesian decision theory. A model of stochastic decision-theoretic rough set theory (SDTRS) is built with respect to the minimum bayesian expected risk. The corresponding propositions and criteria of SDTRS are also analyzed. Furthermore, we investigate two special SDTRS models under the uniform distribution and the normal distribution, respectively. Finally, an empirical study of Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) project investment validates the reasonability and effectiveness of the proposed models.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 34.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Abd El-Monsef, M.M.E., Kilany, N.M.: Decision analysis via granulation based on general binary relation. Int. J. Math. Math. Sci. (2007). doi:10.1155/2007/12714. Article ID 12714

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. Abbas, A.R., Juan, L.: Supporting e-learning system with modified Bayesian rough set model. In: Yu, W., He, H., Zhang, N. (eds.) ISNN 2009, Part II. LNCS, vol. 5552, pp. 192–200. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Beynon, M.J., Peel, M.J.: Variable precision rough set theory and data discretisation: an application to corporate failure prediction. Omega 29, 561–576 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Deng, X., Yao, Y.: An information-theoretic interpretation of thresholds in probabilistic rough sets. In: Li, T., Nguyen, H.S., Wang, G., Grzymala-Busse, J., Janicki, R., Hassanien, A.E., Yu, H. (eds.) RSKT 2012. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 7414, pp. 369–378. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Duda, R.O., Hart, P.E.: Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis. Wiley, New York (1973)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Forster, M.R.: Key concepts in model selection: performance and generalizability. J. Math. Psychol. 44, 205–231 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Goudey, R.: Do statistical inferences allowing three alternative decision give better feedback for environmentally precautionary decision-making. J. Environ. Manag. 85, 338–344 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Herbert, J.P., Yao, J.T.: Game-theoretic rough sets. Fundam. Inform. 108, 267–286 (2011)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Jia, X.Y., Liao, W.H., Tang, Z.M., Shang, L.: Minimum cost attribute reduction in decision-theoretic rough set models. Inf. Sci. 219, 151–167 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Li, H.X., Zhou, X.Z.: Risk decision making based on decision-theoretic rough set: a three-way view decision model. Int. J. Comput. Intell. Syst. 4, 1–11 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Li, H.X., Zhou, X.Z., Zhao, J.B., Liu, D.: Non-monotonic attribute reduction in decision-theoretic rough sets. Fundam. Inform. 126, 415–432 (2013)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Liang, D.C., Liu, D., Pedrycz, W., Hu, P.: Triangular fuzzy decision-theoretic rough sets. Int. J. Approx. Reason. 54, 1087–1106 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lingras, P., Chen, M., Miao, D.Q.: Rough cluster quality index based on decision theory. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 21, 1014–1026 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lingras, P., Chen, M., Miao, D.Q.: Semi-supervised rough cost/benefit decisions. Fundam. Inform. 94, 233–244 (2009)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Liu, D., Li, H.X., Zhou, X.Z.: Two decades’ research on decision-theoretic rough sets. In: Proceedings of 9th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Informatics, pp. 968–973 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Liu, D., Yao, Y.Y., Li, T.R.: Three-way investment decisions with decision-theoretic rough sets. Int. J. Comput. Intell. Syst. 4, 66–74 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Liu, D., Li, T.R., Ruan, D.: Probabilistic model criteria with decision-theoretic rough sets. Inf. Sci. 181, 3709–3722 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Liu, D., Li, T., Liang, D.: A new discriminant analysis approach under decision-theoretic rough sets. In: Yao, J.T., Ramanna, S., Wang, G., Suraj, Z. (eds.) RSKT 2011. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 6954, pp. 476–485. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Liu, D., Li, T.R., Li, H.X.: A multiple-category classification approach with decision-theoretic rough sets. Fundam. Inform. 115, 173–188 (2012)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Liu, D., Li, T., Liang, D.: Decision-theoretic rough sets with probabilistic distribution. In: Li, T., Nguyen, H.S., Wang, G., Grzymala-Busse, J., Janicki, R., Hassanien, A.E., Yu, H. (eds.) RSKT 2012. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 7414, pp. 389–398. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  21. Liu, D., Li, T.R., Liang, D.C.: Three-way government decision analysis with decision-theoretic rough sets. Int. J. Uncertain. Fuzziness Knowl. Based Syst. 20, 119–132 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu, D., Li, T.R., Li, H.X.: Interval-valued decision-theoretic rough sets. Comput. Sci. 39(7), 178–181 (2012). (in chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Liu, D., Li, T.R., Liang, D.C.: Fuzzy decision-theoretic rough sets. Comput. Sci. 39(12), 25–29 (2012). (in chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Liu, D., Li, T.R., Liang, D.C.: Incorporating logistic regression to decision-theoretic rough sets for classifications. Int. J. Approx. Reason. 55, 197–210 (2014)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. Liu, D., Li, T.R., Liang, D.C.: Fuzzy interval decision-theoretic rough sets. In: Proceedings of 2013 IFSA World Congress NAFIPS Annual Meeting, pp. 1315–1320 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ma, W.M.: On relationship between probabilistic rough set and Bayesian risk decision over two universes. Int. J. Gen. Syst 41, 225–245 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. Macmillan, F.: Risk, uncertainty and investment decision-making in the upstream oil and gas industry. Ph.D thesis, University of Aberdeen, UK (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Min, F., He, H.P., Qian, Y.H., Zhu, W.: Test-cost-sensitive attribute reduction. Inf. Sci. 181, 4928–4942 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Min, F., Zhu, W.: Attribute reduction of data with error ranges and test costs. Inf. Sci. 211, 48–67 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Mishra, A., Mishra, M., Shiv, B.: In praise of vagueness: malleability of vague information as a performance-booster. Psychol. Sci. 22, 733–738 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Pauker, S.G., Kassirer, J.P.: The threshold approach to clinical decision making. N. Engl. J. Med. 302, 1109–1117 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Pawlak, Z.: Rough sets. Int. J. Comput. Inf. Sci. 11, 341–356 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Pawlak, Z., Wong, S.K.M., Ziarko, W.: Rough sets: probabilistic versus deterministic approach. Int. J. Man Mach. Stud. 29, 81–95 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Pawlak, Z.: Rough Wets, Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Data. Kluwer Academic Publishers Press, Dordrecht (1991)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Skowron, A., Stepaniuk, J.: Tolerance approximation spaces. Fundam. Inform. 27, 245–253 (1996)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Ślȩzak, D.: Rough sets and Bayes factor. In: Peters, J.F., Skowron, A. (eds.) Transactions on Rough Sets III. LNCS, vol. 3400, pp. 202–229. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  37. Ślȩzak, D., Ziarko, W.: The investigation of the Bayesian rough set model. Int. J. Approx. Reason. 40, 81–91 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  38. Ślȩzak, D., Wróblewski, J., Eastwood, V., Synak, P.: Brighthouse: an analytic data warehouse for ad-hoc queries. Proc. VLDB Endow. 1, 1337–1345 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Woodward, P.W., Naylor, J.C.: An application of Bayesian methods in SPC. The Statistician 42, 461–469 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Xie, G., Yue, W., Wang, S.Y., Lai, K.K.: Dynamic risk management in petroleum project investment based on a variable precision rough set model. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 77, 891–901 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Yang, X.P., Yao, J.T.: Modelling multi-agent three-way decisions with decision-theoretic rough sets. Fundam. Inform. 115, 157–171 (2012)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  42. Yao, J.T., Herbert, J.P.: Web-based support systems with rough set analysis. In: Kryszkiewicz, M., Peters, J.F., Rybiński, H., Skowron, A. (eds.) RSEISP 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4585, pp. 360–370. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  43. Yao, Y.Y., Wong, S.K.M., Lingras, P.: A decision-theoretic rough set model. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems, pp. 17–25 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Yao, Y.Y., Wong, S.K.M.: A decision theoretic framework for approximating concepts. Int. J. Man Mach. Stud. 37, 793–809 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Yao, Y.Y.: Probabilistic approaches to rough sets. Expert Syst. 20, 287–297 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Yao, Y.: Decision-theoretic rough set models. In: Yao, J.T., Lingras, P., Wu, W.-Z., Szczuka, M.S., Cercone, N.J., Ślȩzak, D. (eds.) RSKT 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4481, pp. 1–12. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  47. Yao, Y.Y.: Probabilistic rough set approximations. Int. J. Approx. Reason. 49, 255–271 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Yao, Y.Y., Zhao, Y.: Attribute reduction in decision-theoretic rough set models. Inf. Sci. 178, 3356–3373 (2008)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  49. Yao, Y.: Three-way decision: an interpretation of rules in rough set theory. In: Wen, P., Li, Y., Polkowski, L., Yao, Y., Tsumoto, S., Wang, G. (eds.) RSKT 2009. LNCS, vol. 5589, pp. 642–649. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  50. Yao, Y.Y.: Three-way decisions with probabilistic rough sets. Inf. Sci. 180, 341–353 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  51. Yao, Y., Zhou, B.: Naive Bayesian rough sets. In: Yu, J., Greco, S., Lingras, P., Wang, G., Skowron, A. (eds.) RSKT 2010. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 6401, pp. 719–726. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  52. Yao, Y.Y.: The superiority of three-way decision in probabilistic rough set models. Inf. Sci. 181, 1080–1096 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  53. Yao, Y.Y.: Two semantic issues in a probabilistic rough set model. Fundam. Inform. 108, 249–265 (2011)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  54. Yao, Y., Zhou, B.: Naive Bayesian Rough Sets. In: Yu, J., Greco, S., Lingras, P., Wang, G., Skowron, A. (eds.) RSKT 2010. LNCS, vol. 6401, pp. 719–726. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  55. Yao, Y.: An outline of a theory of three-way decisions. In: Yao, J.T., Yang, Y., Słowiński, R., Greco, S., Li, H., Mitra, S., Polkowski, L. (eds.) RSCTC 2012. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 7413, pp. 1–17. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  56. Yusgiantoro, P., Hsiao, F.S.T.: Production-sharing contracts and decision-making in oil production. Energy Econ. 10, 245–256 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Zhao, W.Q., Zhu, Y.L.: An email classification scheme based on decision-theoretic rough set theory and analysis of email security. In: Proceedings of 2005 IEEE Region 10 TENCON, pp. 1–6 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Zhao, Y., Wong, S.K.M., Yao, Y.: A note on attribute reduction in the decision-theoretic rough set model. In: Peters, J.F., Skowron, A., Chan, C.-C., Grzymala-Busse, J.W., Ziarko, W.P. (eds.) Transactions on Rough Sets XIII. LNCS, vol. 6499, pp. 260–275. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  59. Zhou, B., Yao, Y.Y., Luo, J.G.: A three-way decision approach to email spam filtering. In: Proceedings of 23th Canadian AI, pp. 28–39 (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  60. Zhou, B.: A new formulation of multi-category decision-theoretic rough sets. In: Yao, J.T., Ramanna, S., Wang, G., Suraj, Z. (eds.) RSKT 2011. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 6954, pp. 514–522. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  61. Ziarko, W.: Variable precision rough set model. J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 46, 39–59 (1993)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  62. Ziarko, W.: Probabilistic approach to rough set. Int. J. Approx. Reason. 49, 272–284 (2008)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This paper is an extended version of the paper published in the proceedings of RSKT2012. This work is partially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Nos. 71201133, 61175047, 71090402, 71201076), the Youth Social Science Foundation of the Chinese Education Commission (No. 11YJC630127), the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20120184120028), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Nos. 2012M520310, 2013T60132) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. SWJTU12CX117).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dun Liu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Liu, D., Li, T., Liang, D. (2014). Three-Way Decisions in Stochastic Decision-Theoretic Rough Sets. In: Peters, J.F., Skowron, A., Li, T., Yang, Y., Yao, J., Nguyen, H.S. (eds) Transactions on Rough Sets XVIII. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8449. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44680-5_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44680-5_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-44679-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-44680-5

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics