Development of an Energy—Emission Model Using Fuzzy Sets

Abstract

Planning tools for the cost-efficient planning of energy supply for a whole country are widely used all over the world. Since the beginning of the 80th, these tools have been modified to allow also for a calculation of emissions related with energy supply. On the basis of these planning systems, strategies for cost-efficient emission reduction have been elaborated for many western countries (see Rentz (1990)). The model structure of those tools usually is a multiperiod linear optimization program, using the minimization of the total discounted costs of energy supply and emission reduction as a cost function. The models are driven by an exogenously given demand of final or useful energy in consecutive periods. The maximum allowed emissions E _i for i ∈ {S0₂, NO _x , CO₂} in one period are also set exogenously as constraints (e _i ≤ E _i ) by the decision maker (DM), who is using the model.