Abstract
The superselection rule which separates states with integer angular momentum from those with halfinteger angular momentum is proved using only rotational invariance.
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Reference
G. C. Wick, A. S. Wightman, and E. P. Wigner, Phys. Rev. 88, 101 (1952).
This theorem is usually attributed to one of the present authors (E. P. W.), but it was probably known to others before. For a more recent proof, see V. Bargmann, J. Math. Phys. 5, 862 (1964).
See E. P. Wigner, J. Math. Phys. 1, 409, 414 (1960).
The demonstration given by Wigner [Ann. Math. 40, 149 (1939), p. 1771 still appears to be the most simple.
J. M. Jauch, Hety. Phys. Acta 33, 711 (1960); J. M. Jauch and B. Misra, ibid. 34, 699 (1961).
J. von Neumann, Mathematische Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik (Julius Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1932 ) (English transi.: Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1955 ).
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Hegerfeldt, G.C., Kraus, K., Wigner, E.P. (1997). Proof of the Fermion Superselection Rule Without the Assumption of Time—Reversal Invariance. In: Wightman, A.S. (eds) Part I: Particles and Fields. Part II: Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. The Scientific Papers, vol A / 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09203-3_24
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09203-3_24
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