Cinematographic study of the growth process of oxide crystals in the electron microscope

Abstract

Improving our specimen heating device (1), we developed a new specimen holder for continuous observation at high temperatures up to 3000°C. The specimen to be observed is placed on a fine metal wire of high melting point such as tungsten and platinum so that the specimen can be heated by passing electric current through the wire, as has been done by Yamaguchi (2) and v. Ardenne (3). This heating device is inserted in a specially designed chamber in which gases of pressures of 10⁻³ mm Hg ~ 10⁻¹ mm Hg can be introduced on to the heated specimen, as has been done by Ito and Hiziya (4). The vacuum in the specimen chamber was measured by a MacLeod gauge and an ionization gauge. The temperature was measured by an optical pyrometer and a thermocouple.