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Psychologische Aspekte des Wechselmodells: Was tut Müttern – Vätern – Kindern gut?

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Zusammenfassung

Rund 40 Jahre Scheidungsfolgenforschung haben gezeigt, dass vor allem Konflikte zwischen den Eltern den Kindern schaden, der Verlust eines Elternteils und Aufwachsen in Armut bei einem alleinerziehenden Elternteil. Die internationale psychologische Forschung, speziell zu Betreuung im Wechselmodell und dessen Auswirkungen auf die Kinder und Eltern, gibt interessante Anregungen zu diesen Fragen. Aus den internationalen Forschungsergebnissen, die die Lebenserfahrungen von vielen hunderttausend Kindern auswerten, lassen sich auch ganz praktische Hinweise für einen Elternratgeber ableiten. Das Reizthema „Hochstrittigkeit“ wird zwischen möglicher psychischer Erkrankung und Prozesstaktik diskutiert und die Annahmen der Forschung zu Hochkonflikthaftigkeit zusammengefasst. Er zeigt sich die Notwendigkeit einer individuell auf die Bedürfnisse und Möglichkeiten der Familienmitglieder abgestimmten Betreuungslösung.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In Deutschland wird aktuell im Auftrag des Bundesfamilienministeriums (BMFSFJ) eine große Studie „Kindeswohl und Umgangsrecht“ durchgeführt, deren Ergebnisse zur Zeit der Drucklegung zu diesem Buch noch nicht veröffentlicht waren. Aus Österreich liegen einige psychologische Diplom- und Masterarbeiten vor, eine größere Studie soll Ende 2019 veröffentlicht werden und aus der Schweiz gibt es zwar keine Forschungsstudien, wohl aber eine interdisziplinäre Aufbereitung des Themas im Auftrag des Bundesrates (Cottier et al. 2017).

  2. 2.

    Der Begriff der „Anpassung“ meint in der Entwicklungspsychologie ausnahmslos Positives, nicht etwa „Angepasstheit“ im negativen Sinne.

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  1. Evangelische Hochschule Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Bayern, Deutschland

    Hildegund Sünderhauf

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Sünderhauf, H. (2020). Psychologische Aspekte des Wechselmodells: Was tut Müttern – Vätern – Kindern gut?. In: Praxisratgeber Wechselmodell. Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27210-4_5

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