Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 1))

Abstract

Phenology is a scientific field which exists on the borderline between floristics — ecology and meteorology, especially agrometeorology. The field is well established. Its concepts have been continuously applied and discussed for over a century, and its importance in agrometeorology is still increasing. Contemporary phenological studies have a variety of connections to many other scientific disciplines, a wide range of research goals and, therefore, different meanings to individual investigators. Phenology continues to undergo a metamorphosis with time as new applications and techniques are developed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abbe, C.: A first report on the relations between climates and crops. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., Bull. No. 36, W. B. No. 342, 386 p. (1905).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Berg, H.: Die Kontinentalität Europas und ihre Änderung, 1928/37 gegen 1888/97. Ann. Hydr. 68, 124 (1940).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackman, G. E., and J. N. Black: Physiological and ecological studies in the analysis of plant environment. XI. A further assessment of the influence of shading on the growth of different species in the vegetative phase. Ann. Bot. 23, 51–63 (1959).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bliss, L. C.: Phenology program of the IBP. Bio. Science 17, 712–714 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolin, B., and C. D. Keeling: Large-scale atmospheric mixing as deduced from the seasonal and meridional variations of carbon dioxide. J. Geophys. Res. 68, 3899–3920 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Czeplak, G.: Modellrechnung über den meridionalen turbulenten Großaustausch von Kohlendioxyd und Ozon in der Atmosphäre. Meteorologisch-Geophysikalisches Institut, Mainz: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 72 p. June 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daubenmire, R.: Plant communities: A textbook of plant synecology. New York: Harper and Row 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daubenmire, R.: Plants and environment: A textbook of plant autecology. New York: John Wiley and Sons 1948.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, L. T. (Ed.): Environmental control of plant growth. New York: Academic Press 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flower, S. S.: Notes on the recent mammals of Egypt, with a list of the species recorded from that Kingdom. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1932, 369–450 (1932).

    Google Scholar 

  • Harper, R.: A phytogeographical sketch of the Altamaha Grit region of the Coastal Plain of Georgia. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 17, 1–414 (1906).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Higgins, J. J.: Instructions for making phenological observations of garden peas. Johns Hopk. Univ. Lab. Climatol. Publ. Climatol. 5, 1–11 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann, H., and E. Ihne: Phänologischer Aufruf, Gießen 1884.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jankowska, K.: Sezonowe zmiany roslinnosci i produkeja pierwotna netto w placie taki Arrhenatheretum elatioris. Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej. Akademii Nauk, Studia Naturae — Seria A 1, 153–173 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Junge, C. E., and G. Czeplak: Some aspects of the seasonal variation of carbon dioxide and ozone. Tellus 20, 422–434 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaemfert, W.: Zur Phänometrie. Wetter und Klima. 1, 40–52 (1948).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazmierczakowa, R.: Runo lasu bukowego Fagetum carpaticum, jego fenologia i ekologia produkeji pierwotnej. Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Studia Naturae — Seria A, 1, 95–114 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kira, T., H. Ogawa, K. Hozumi, H. Koyama, and K. Yoda: Inst. Polytech., Osaka City, Univ., Ser. D., Biol. 7, 1–14 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kreh, R.: Untersuchungen über den Aufbau und die Stoffproduktion eines Sonnenblumenbestandes. Zulassungsarbeit zur wissenschaftlichen Prüfung für das höhere Lehramt, Tech. Hochsch. Stuttgart, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kühnelt, W.: Grundriß der Ökologie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Tierwelt. pp. 81–87. Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieth,H.: Die Stoffproduktion der Pflanzendecke, 156 pp. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieth, H.: Über den Lichtkompensationspunkt der Landpflanzen I und IL Planta 54, 530–576 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieth, H.: Mathematische Pirobleme in der Biologie. I—IV, Praxis der Mathematik, 2–4. Köln: Aulis Verlag Deubner u. Co. (1960–1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieth, H.: The role of vegetation in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 68, 3887–3898 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lieth, H.: Versuch einer Kartographischen Darstellung der Produktivität der Pflanzendecke auf der Erde, pp. 72–80. In: Geographisches Taschenbuch. 1964/65. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieth, H.: (Ed.): Phenology and seasonality modeling. Ecological Studies. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieth, H., and D. H. Ashton: The light compensation points of some herbaceous plants inside and outside deciduous woods in Germany, Canad. J. Bot. 39, 1255–1259 (1961).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linnaeus, C.: Philosophia Botanica. Stockholm: Kiesewetter 1751.

    Google Scholar 

  • Medina, E., and H. Lieth: Die Beziehungenz wischen Chlorophyllgehalt assimilierender Fläche und Trockensubstartzproduktion in einigen Pflanzengemeinschaften. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 40, 451–494 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monsi, M.: Dry matter production in plants. I. Schemata of dry matter production. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 73, 81–90 (1960).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monsi, M., and T. Saeki: Über den Lichtfaktor in den Pflanzengesellschaften und seine Bedeutung für die Stoffproduktion. Jap. J. Bot. 14, 22–52 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgen, A.: Phänometrie des Flächenwachstums lebender Pflanzenblätter. Wetter u. Klima 2, 1–15 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reaumur, R. A. F. de: Observations de thermomètre, faites a Paris pendant Fannee 1735, comparees avec celles qui ont ete faites sons la ligne, a lTsle de France, a Alger, et en quelques-unes de nos isles de l’Amérique. Mem. Paris Acad. Sci. 1735, 545 ff. (1735).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schennikow, A. P.: Pflanzenökologie, 380 pp. Berlin: Deutscher Bauernverlag 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schennikow, A. P.: Phänologische Spektra der Pflanzengesellschaften, pp. 251–266. In: Handbuch der biologischen Arbeitsmethoden. (E. Abderhalden, Ed.) Abtlg. XI. 6,2,251–266 (1932).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schnelle, F.: Pflanzen-Phänologie. (Probleme der Bioklimatologie Bd. III). Leipzig: Akad. Verlagsges. 1955.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, R. H. (Ed.): Ground level climatology. Washington, D. C: AAAS Publications 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornthwaite, C. W.: Climate in relation to planting and irrigation of vegetable crops, pp. 290–295. In: Proc. VHIth Gen. Assem. — XVIIth Congr. Internat. Geographical Union, Washington 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Bertallanffy, L.: Theoretische Biologic Bern: A. Francke 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, H.: Grundlagen der Pflanzenverbreitung, pp. 103–140. In: Einführung in die Phytologie, Bd. III. Stuttgart: Eugen Ulmer 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, H., and H. Lieth: Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas. Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer 1961–1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watt, K. E. F.: Ecology and resource management: A quantitative approach. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Went, F. W.: The experimental control of plant growth. Waltham, Massachusetts: Chronica Botanica Co. 1957.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

David E. Reichle

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1973 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lieth, H. (1973). Phenology in Productivity Studies. In: Reichle, D.E. (eds) Analysis of Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Ecological Studies, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85587-0_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85587-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-85589-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-85587-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics