Abstract
With the development of Holographic PIV (HPIV) and PIV Cinematography (PIVC), the need for a computationally efficient algorithm capable of processing images at video rates has emerged. This paper presents one such algorithm, sparse array image correlation. This algorithm is based on the sparse format of image data — a format well suited to the storage of highly segmented images. It utilizes an image compression scheme that retains pixel values in high intensity gradient areas eliminating low information background regions. The remaining pixels are stored in sparse format along with their relative locations encoded into 32 bit words. The result is a highly reduced image data set that retains the original correlation information of the image. Compression ratios of 30:1 using this method are typical. As a result, far fewer memory calls and data entry comparisons are required to accurately determine tracer particle movement. In addition, by utilizing an error correlation function, pixel comparisons are made through single integer calculations eliminating time consuming multiplication and Duport I., Benech floating point arithmetic. Thus, this algorithm typically results in much higher correlation speeds and lower memory requirements than spectral and image shifting correlation algorithms.
This paper describes the methodology of sparse array correlation as well as the speed, accuracy, and limitations of this unique algorithm. While the study presented here focuses on the process of correlating images stored in sparse format, the details of an image compression algorithm based on intensity gradient thresholding is presented and its effect on image correlation is discussed to elucidate the limitations and applicability of compression based PIV processing.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adrian, R. J. (1986) “Multi-point Optical Measurement of Simultaneous Vectors in Unsteady Flow—a Review” Int. J. Heat and Fluid Flow, pp. 127–145.
Adrian, R. J. (1991) “Particle Imaging Techniques For Experimental Fluid Mechanics.” Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics”, Vol. 23, pp. 261–304.
Gonzalez, R. C., Woods, R. E. (1993), Digital Image Processing, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., Reading, MA., pp. 414–456.
Hatem, A.B., Aroussi, A., (1995), ″Processing of PIV Images.″ SAME/JSME and Laser Anemometry Conference and Exhibition, August 13–18, Hilton Head, South Carolina, FED-Vol. 229, pp. 101–108.
Hennessy, J.L., Patterson, D.A., (1990), “Computer Architecture — A Quantitative Approach.” Morgan Kaufmann Pub., San Mateo, CA.
Huang, H., Hart, D. P., Kamm, R. (1997), “Quantified Flow Characteristics in a Model Cardiac Assist Device”, ASME Summer Annual Meeting, Vancouver, B.C., Experimental Fluids Forum, pp.,
Landreth, CC. and Adrian, R.J. (1987) ″Image Compression Technique for evaluating Pulsed Laser Velocimetry Photgraphs having High particle Image Densities″, FED-Vol. 49.
Okamoto, K., Hassan, Y. A., Schmidl, W. D. (1995), “New Tracking Algorithm for Particle Image Velocimetry.” Experiments in Fluids, pp. 342–347.
Rosenfeld, A., De La Torre, P., (1983), “Histogram concavity analysis as an aid in threshold selection,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Vol. 13(3), pp. 231–235.
Roth, Hart, and Katz, (1995) “Feasibility of Using the L64720 Video Motion Estimation Processor (MEP) to increase Efficiency of Velocity Map Generation for Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)”. ASME/JSME Fluids Engineering and Laser Anemometry Conference, Hilton Head, South Carolina, pp. 387–393.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hart, D.P. (1997). Sparse Array Image Correlation. In: Adrian, R.J., Durão, D.F.G., Durst, F., Heitor, M.V., Maeda, M., Whitelaw, J.H. (eds) Developments in Laser Techniques and Fluid Mechanics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60911-4_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60911-4_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64604-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60911-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive