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Contrast Echocardiography in the ICU and OR

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Textbook of Echocardiography for Intensivists and Emergency Physicians

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Abstract

Ultrasound contrast agents can be divided into first-generation and second-generation agents. First-generation hand-agitated saline solutions contain large and unstable air microbubbles which cannot pass through the pulmonary microcirculation and are used only for the opacification of the right side of the heart. These agents have been used for about 40 years to rule out a shunt at the level of the fossa ovalis. Second-generation agents are made of smaller, more standardized and stable microbubbles containing a low-diffusable gas. They can easily cross the pulmonary circulation and provide left ventricular cavity and left ventricular myocardial opacification. These agents are used for better delineation of the endocardial contour and for myocardial perfusion studies.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy

    Paolo Voci

  2. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Cardiac Surgery ICU, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Luigi Tritapepe, Marta Iaconi & Daria Collacchi

  3. Department of Cardiology I, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Demetrio Tallarico

  4. Department of Cardiology II, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Luciano Agati

Authors
  1. Paolo Voci
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  2. Luigi Tritapepe
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  3. Marta Iaconi
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  4. Daria Collacchi
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  5. Demetrio Tallarico
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  6. Luciano Agati
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luigi Tritapepe .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Rianimazione, Ospedale Santa Maria Nuova, Firenze, Italy

    Armando Sarti

  2. Dipartimento di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Az. Osp. Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy

    F. Luca Lorini

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Voci, P., Tritapepe, L., Iaconi, M., Collacchi, D., Tallarico, D., Agati, L. (2019). Contrast Echocardiography in the ICU and OR. In: Sarti, A., Lorini, F. (eds) Textbook of Echocardiography for Intensivists and Emergency Physicians. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99891-6_27

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99891-6_27

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-99890-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-99891-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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