Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Perioperative Psychiatric Aspects in Neurosurgery

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Perioperative Psychiatry

  • 651 Accesses

Abstract

Neurosurgical treatment for conditions such as epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, or brain tumor is often accompanied by perioperative psychiatric symptoms regardless of preexisting psychiatric conditions. These symptoms may be related to the underlying neurosurgical condition, the neurosurgical intervention itself (e.g., resection), or the medications used in the perioperative setting (e.g., anesthesia or corticosteroids). Comorbid neurological conditions may further complicate the management of the psychiatric presentations in this setting due to increased sensitivity to psychotropic medications or to the psychoactive effects of other agents. This chapter reviews the literature relevant to the perioperative psychiatric assessment and management in patients undergoing the most common neurosurgical procedures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Dewan MC, Rattani A, Fieggen G, Arraez MA, Servadei F, Boop FA, et al. Global neurosurgery: the current capacity and deficit in the provision of essential neurosurgical care. Executive summary of the global neurosurgery initiative at the program in global surgery and social change. J Neurosurg. 2018:1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Faria MA. Neolithic trepanation decoded- a unifying hypothesis: has the mystery as to why primitive surgeons performed cranial surgery been solved? Surg Neurol Int. 2015;6:72.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Preul M. History of brain tumor surgery. Neurosurg Focus. 2005;18(4):1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Menon DK, Schwab K, Wright DW, Maas AI. Position statement: definition of traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010;91(11):1637–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Ganau M, Lavinio A, Prisco L. Delirium and agitation in traumatic brain injury patients: an update on pathological hypotheses and treatment options. Minerva Anestesiol. 2018;84(5):632–40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Dewan MC, Rattani A, Gupta S, Baticulon RE, Hung YC, Punchak M, et al. Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2018:1–18.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bratton SL, Chestnut RM, Ghajar J, Hammond FFM, Harris OA, Hartl R, et al. VII. Intracranial pressure monitoring technology. J Neurotrauma. 2007;24(supplement 1):S-45–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Feinberg M, Mai JC, Ecklund J. Neurosurgical management in traumatic brain injury. Semin Neurol. 2015;35(1):50–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Carney N, Totten AM, O'Reilly C, Ullman JS, Hawryluk GW, Bell MJ, et al. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury, 4th edition. Neurosurgery. 2017;80(1):6–15.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Bauer D, Tung ML, Tsao JW. Mechanisms of traumatic brain injury. Semin Neurol. 2015;35(1):e14–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. McIntosh AS, Patton DA, Frechede B, Pierre PA, Ferry E, Barthels T. The biomechanics of concussion in unhelmeted football players in Australia: a case-control study. BMJ Open. 2014;4(5):e005078.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. McAllister TW. Neurobiological consequences of traumatic brain injury. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2011;13(3):287–300.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Teasdale G, Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet (London, England). 1974;2(7872):81–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. McNett M. A review of the predictive ability of Glasgow coma scale scores in head-injured patients. J Neurosci Nurs. 2007;39(2):68–75.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Marshall LF, Marshall SB, Klauber MR, Van Berkum CM, Eisenberg H, Jane JA, et al. The diagnosis of head injury requires a classification based on computed axial tomography. J Neurotrauma. 1992;9(Suppl 1):S287–92.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Raj R, Siironen J, Skrifvars MB, Hernesniemi J, Kivisaari R. Predicting outcome in traumatic brain injury: development of a novel computerized tomography classification system (Helsinki computerized tomography score). Neurosurgery. 2014;75(6):632–46. discussion 46-7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Raj R, Mikkonen ED, Siironen J, Hernesniemi J, Lappalainen J, Skrifvars MB. Alcohol and mortality after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of observational studies. J Neurosurg. 2016;124(6):1684–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Malec JF, Brown AW, Leibson CL, Flaada JT, Mandrekar JN, Diehl NN, et al. The mayo classification system for traumatic brain injury severity. J Neurotrauma. 2007;24(9):1417–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Deighton S, Buchy L, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Cornblatt BA, McGlashan TH, et al. Traumatic brain injury in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Schizophr Res. 2016;174(1–3):77–81.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Castano Monsalve B, Bernabeu Guitart M, Lopez R, Bulbena Vilasar A, Ignacio QJ. Psychopathological evaluation of traumatic brain injury patients with the neuropsychiatric inventory. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment. 2012;5(3):160–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Fonda JR, Fredman L, Brogly SB, McGlinchey RE, Milberg WP, Gradus JL. Traumatic brain injury and attempted suicide among veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Am J Epidemiol. 2017;186(2):220–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Fisher LB, Pedrelli P, Iverson GL, Bergquist TF, Bombardier CH, Hammond FM, et al. Prevalence of suicidal behaviour following traumatic brain injury: longitudinal follow-up data from the NIDRR traumatic brain injury model systems. Brain Inj. 2016;30(11):1311–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Godbolt AK, Cancelliere C, Hincapie CA, Marras C, Boyle E, Kristman VL, et al. Systematic review of the risk of dementia and chronic cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury: results of the international collaboration on mild traumatic brain injury prognosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95(3 Suppl):S245–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Gardner RC, Burke JF, Nettiksimmons J, Goldman S, Tanner CM, Yaffe K. Traumatic brain injury in later life increases risk for Parkinson disease. Ann Neurol. 2015;77(6):987–95.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Albrecht JS, Mullins DC, Smith GS, Rao V. Psychotropic medication use among medicare beneficiaries following traumatic brain injury. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2017;25(4):415–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Childers MK, Holland D, Ryan MG, Rupright J. Obsessional disorders during recovery from severe head injury: report of four cases. Brain Inj. 1998;12(7):613–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Ciurli P, Formisano R, Bivona U, Cantagallo A, Angelelli P. Neuropsychiatric disorders in persons with severe traumatic brain injury: prevalence, phenomenology, and relationship with demographic, clinical, and functional features. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2011;26(2):116–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Cotrena C, Branco LD, Zimmermann N, Cardoso CO, Grassi-Oliveira R, Fonseca RP. Impaired decision-making after traumatic brain injury: the Iowa gambling task. Brain Inj. 2014;28(8):1070–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Arbour C, Gelinas C. Behavioral and physiologic indicators of pain in nonverbal patients with a traumatic brain injury: an integrative review. Pain Manag Nurs. 2014;15(2):506–18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Batty RA, Francis A, Thomas N, Hopwood M, Ponsford J, Rossell SL. A brief neurocognitive assessment of patients with psychosis following traumatic brain injury (PFTBI): use of the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS). Psychiatry Res. 2016;237:27–36.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Diaz AP, Schwarzbold ML, Thais ME, Cavallazzi GG, Schmoeller R, Nunes JC, et al. Personality changes and return to work after severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective study. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2014;36(3):213–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Grima N, Ponsford J, Rajaratnam SM, Mansfield D, Pase MP. Sleep disturbances in traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis. J Clin Sleep Med: JCSM. 2016;12(3):419–28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Grima NA, Ponsford JL, St Hilaire MA, Mansfield D, Rajaratnam SM. Circadian melatonin rhythm following traumatic brain injury. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2016;30(10):972–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Maneewong J, Maneeton B, Maneeton N, Vaniyapong T, Traisathit P, Sricharoen N, et al. Delirium after a traumatic brain injury: predictors and symptom patterns. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017;13:459–65.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Kadyan V, Mysiw WJ, Bogner JA, Corrigan JD, Fugate LP, Clinchot DM. Gender differences in agitation after traumatic brain injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;83(10):747–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Mahmood S, Al-Thani H, El-Menyar A, Alani M, Al-Hassani A, Mathrdikkal S, et al. Tramadol in traumatic brain injury: should we continue to use it? J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2015;31(3):344–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Bombardier CH, Hoekstra T, Dikmen S, Fann JR. Depression trajectories during the first year after traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2016;33(23):2115–24.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Bay E, Donders J. Risk factors for depressive symptoms after mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 2008;22(3):233–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Dunlop TW, Udvarhelyi GB, Stedem AF, O'Connor JM, Isaacs ML, Puig JG, et al. Comparison of patients with and without emotional/behavioral deterioration during the first year after traumatic brain injury. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1991;3(2):150–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Chi YC, Wu HL, Chu CP, Huang MC, Lee PC, Chen YY. Traumatic brain injury and affective disorder: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan, 2000-2010. J Affect Disord. 2016;191:56–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Albrecht JS, Kiptanui Z, Tsang Y, Khokhar B, Smith GS, Zuckerman IH, et al. Patterns of depression treatment in medicare beneficiaries with depression after traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2015;32(16):1223–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  42. Bryson CN, Cramer RJ, Schmidt AT. Traumatic brain injury and lifetime suicidality: applying the interpersonal-psychological theory perspective. Death Stud. 2017;41(7):399–405.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Scofield DE, Proctor SP, Kardouni JR, Hill OT, McKinnon CJ. Risk factors for mild traumatic brain injury and subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder and mental health disorders among United States Army soldiers. J Neurotrauma. 2017;34(23):3249–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Feinstein A, Hershkop S, Ouchterlony D, Jardine A, McCullagh S. Posttraumatic amnesia and recall of a traumatic event following traumatic brain injury. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2002;14(1):25–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Mellman TA, David D, Bustamante V, Fins AI, Esposito K. Predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder following severe injury. Depress Anxiety. 2001;14(4):226–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Bailie JM, Kennedy JE, French LM, Marshall K, Prokhorenko O, Asmussen S, et al. Profile analysis of the neurobehavioral and psychiatric symptoms following combat-related mild traumatic brain injury: identification of subtypes. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2016;31(1):2–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Albicini MS, Lee J, McKinlay A. Ongoing daytime behavioural problems in university students following childhood mild traumatic brain injury. Int J Rehabil Res. 2016;39(1):77–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. James ML, Olson DM, Graffagnino C. A pilot study of cerebral and haemodynamic physiological changes during sedation with dexmedetomidine or propofol in patients with acute brain injury. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2012;40(6):949–57.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Levy M, Berson A, Cook T, Bollegala N, Seto E, Tursanski S, et al. Treatment of agitation following traumatic brain injury: a review of the literature. NeuroRehabilitation. 2005;20(4):279–306.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Luaute J, Plantier D, Wiart L, Tell L. Care management of the agitation or aggressiveness crisis in patients with TBI. Systematic review of the literature and practice recommendations. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2016;59(1):58–67.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Krieger D, Hansen K, McDermott C, Matthews R, Mitchell R, Bollegala N, et al. Loxapine versus olanzapine in the treatment of delirium following traumatic brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation. 2003;18(3):205–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Noe E, Ferri J, Trenor C, Chirivella J. Efficacy of ziprasidone in controlling agitation during post-traumatic amnesia. Behav Neurol. 2007;18(1):7–11.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  53. Kim E, Bijlani M. A pilot study of quetiapine treatment of aggression due to traumatic brain injury. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006;18(4):547–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Phelps TI, Bondi CO, Mattiola VV, Kline AE. Relative to typical antipsychotic drugs, Aripiprazole is a safer alternative for alleviating behavioral disturbances after experimental brain trauma. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2017;31(1):25–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Folweiler KA, Bondi CO, Ogunsanya EA, LaPorte MJ, Leary JB, Radabaugh HL, et al. Combining the antipsychotic drug haloperidol and environmental enrichment after traumatic brain injury is a double-edged sword. J Neurotrauma. 2017;34(2):451–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Hoffman AN, Cheng JP, Zafonte RD, Kline AE. Administration of haloperidol and risperidone after neurobehavioral testing hinders the recovery of traumatic brain injury-induced deficits. Life Sci. 2008;83(17–18):602–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  57. Kline AE, Hoffman AN, Cheng JP, Zafonte RD, Massucci JL. Chronic administration of antipsychotics impede behavioral recovery after experimental traumatic brain injury. Neurosci Lett. 2008;448(3):263–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  58. Meythaler JM, Brunner RC, Johnson A, Novack TA. Amantadine to improve neurorecovery in traumatic brain injury-associated diffuse axonal injury: a pilot double-blind randomized trial. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2002;17(4):300–13.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Chew E, Zafonte RD. Pharmacological management of neurobehavioral disorders following traumatic brain injury--a state-of-the-art review. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(6):851–79.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Leone H, Polsonetti BW. Amantadine for traumatic brain injury: does it improve cognition and reduce agitation? J Clin Pharm Ther. 2005;30(2):101–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Gramish JA, Kopp BJ, Patanwala AE. Effect of amantadine on agitation in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2017;40(5):212–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Grima NA, Rajaratnam SMW, Mansfield D, Sletten TL, Spitz G, Ponsford JL. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance following traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Med. 2018;16(1):8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  63. Cantor JB, Ashman T, Bushnik T, Cai X, Farrell-Carnahan L, Gumber S, et al. Systematic review of interventions for fatigue after traumatic brain injury: a NIDRR traumatic brain injury model systems study. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2014;29(6):490–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Leeds PR, Yu F, Wang Z, Chiu CT, Zhang Y, Leng Y, et al. A new avenue for lithium: intervention in traumatic brain injury. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2014;5(6):422–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  65. Jorge RE, Acion L, Burin DI, Robinson RG. Sertraline for preventing mood disorders following traumatic brain injury: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiat. 2016;73(10):1041–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Fann JR, Uomoto JM, Katon WJ. Cognitive improvement with treatment of depression following mild traumatic brain injury. Psychosomatics. 2001;42(1):48–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Failla MD, Juengst SB, Graham KM, Arenth PM, Wagner AK. Effects of depression and antidepressant use on cognitive deficits and functional cognition following severe traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2016;31(6):E62–73.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  68. Horsfield SA, Rosse RB, Tomasino V, Schwartz BL, Mastropaolo J, Deutsch SI. Fluoxetine’s effects on cognitive performance in patients with traumatic brain injury. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2002;32(4):337–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Khokhar B, Simoni-Wastila L, Albrecht JS. Risk of stroke among older medicare antidepressant users with traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2017;32(1):E42–E9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  70. Lanctot KL, Rapoport MJ, Chan F, Rajaram RD, Strauss J, Sicard T, et al. Genetic predictors of response to treatment with citalopram in depression secondary to traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 2010;24(7–8):959–69.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  71. Adamson BC, Ensari I, Motl RW. Effect of exercise on depressive symptoms in adults with neurologic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015;96(7):1329–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Bogdanova Y, Yee MK, Ho VT, Cicerone KD. Computerized cognitive rehabilitation of attention and executive function in acquired brain injury: a systematic review. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2016;31(6):419–33.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  73. Bedard M, Felteau M, Marshall S, Dubois S, Gibbons C, Klein R, et al. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: benefits in reducing depression following a traumatic brain injury. Adv Mind Body Med. 2012;26(1):14–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Gertler P, Tate RL, Cameron ID. Non-pharmacological interventions for depression in adults and children with traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;12:CD009871.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Ahmed F, Bechtold K, Smith G, Roy D, Everett A, Rao V. Program of enhanced psychiatric services for patients with brain injury and neuropsychiatric disturbances: a proposed model of care. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2016;28(2):147–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Zack MM, Kobau R. National and state estimates of the numbers of adults and children with active epilepsy - United States, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017;66(31):821–5.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  77. Kwan P, Brodie MJ. Early identification of refractory epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(5):314–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Del Felice A, Beghi E, Boero G, La Neve A, Bogliun G, De Palo A, et al. Early versus late remission in a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2010;51(1):37–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Kwan P, Arzimanoglou A, Berg AT, Brodie MJ, Allen Hauser W, Mathern G, et al. Definition of drug resistant epilepsy: consensus proposal by the ad hoc task force of the ILAE commission on therapeutic strategies. Epilepsia. 2010;51(6):1069–77.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Hamid H, Blackmon K, Cong X, Dziura J, Atlas LY, Vickrey BG, et al. Mood, anxiety, and incomplete seizure control affect quality of life after epilepsy surgery. Neurology. 2014;82(10):887–94.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  81. National Association of Epilepsy Centers. Data of Participating Epilepsy Centers. http://www.naec -epilepsy.org/. 2012. Accessed 24 Apr.

  82. Engel J Jr, McDermott MP, Wiebe S, Langfitt JT, Stern JM, Dewar S, et al. Early surgical therapy for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2012;307(9):922–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  83. West S, Nolan SJ, Cotton J, Gandhi S, Weston J, Sudan A, et al. Surgery for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(7):Cd010541.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Schmidt D, Baumgartner C, Loscher W. The chance of cure following surgery for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. What do we know and do we need to revise our expectations? Epilepsy Res. 2004;60(2–3):187–201.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. de Tisi J, Bell GS, Peacock JL, McEvoy AW, Harkness WF, Sander JW, et al. The long-term outcome of adult epilepsy surgery, patterns of seizure remission, and relapse: a cohort study. Lancet (London, England). 2011;378(9800):1388–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. Engel J Jr. What can we do for people with drug-resistant epilepsy? The 2016 Wartenberg lecture. Neurology. 2016;87(23):2483–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  87. Berg AT, Langfitt J, Shinnar S, Vickrey BG, Sperling MR, Walczak T, et al. How long does it take for partial epilepsy to become intractable? Neurology. 2003;60(2):186–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Jobst BC, Cascino GD. Resective epilepsy surgery for drug-resistant focal epilepsy: a review. JAMA. 2015;313(3):285–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Kaiboriboon K, Malkhachroum AM, Zrik A, Daif A, Schiltz NM, Labiner DM, et al. Epilepsy surgery in the United States: analysis of data from the National Association of epilepsy centers. Epilepsy Res. 2015;116:105–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Sawant N, Ravat S, Muzumdar D, Shah U. Is psychiatric assessment essential for better epilepsy surgery outcomes? Int J Surg (London, England). 2016;36(Pt B):460–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Cossu M, Fuschillo D, Cardinale F, Castana L, Francione S, Nobili L, et al. Stereo-EEG-guided radio-frequency thermocoagulations of epileptogenic grey-matter nodular heterotopy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2014;85(6):611–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Dimova P, de Palma L, Job-Chapron AS, Minotti L, Hoffmann D, Kahane P. Radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the seizure-onset zone during stereoelectroencephalography. Epilepsia. 2017;58(3):381–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Wicks RT, Jermakowicz WJ, Jagid JR, Couture DE, Willie JT, Laxton AW, et al. Laser interstitial thermal therapy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurosurgery. 2016;79(Suppl 1):S83–s91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Jermakowicz WJ, Kanner AM, Sur S, Bermudez C, D'Haese PF, Kolcun JPG, et al. Laser thermal ablation for mesiotemporal epilepsy: analysis of ablation volumes and trajectories. Epilepsia. 2017;58(5):801–10.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  95. Chan AY, Rolston JD, Rao VR, Chang EF. Effect of neurostimulation on cognition and mood in refractory epilepsy. Epilepsia Open. 2018;3(1):18–29.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  96. Hauser WA. The natural history of drug resistant epilepsy: epidemiologic considerations. Epilepsy Res Suppl. 1992;5:25–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Engel J Jr. Surgery for seizures. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(10):647–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Engel J Jr, Wiebe S, French J, Sperling M, Williamson P, Spencer D, et al. Practice parameter: temporal lobe and localized neocortical resections for epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2003;44(6):741–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Holmes GL, Dorothee Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite GA, Schachter SC. Behavioral aspects of epilepsy principles and practice. New York: Demos Medical Publishing; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Pre-surgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery - European standards. European federation of neurological societies task force. Eur J Neurol. 2000;7(1):119–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Dodrill BPH B, Rausch R, Chelune G, Oxbury S. Surgical treatment of epilepsies. In: Engel Jr J, editor. Use of neuropsychological tests for assessing prognosis following surgery for epilepsy. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1993. p. 263e271.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Jones-Gotman M. Localization of lesions by neuropsychological testing. Epilepsia. 1991;32(Suppl 5):S41–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Baxendale S, Thompson P, Harkness W, Duncan J. Predicting memory decline following epilepsy surgery: a multivariate approach. Epilepsia. 2006;47(11):1887–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Alpherts WC, Vermeulen J, van Rijen PC, da Silva FH, van Veelen CW. Verbal memory decline after temporal epilepsy surgery?: a 6-year multiple assessments follow-up study. Neurology. 2006;67(4):626–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Pintor L, Bailles E, Fernandez-Egea E, Sanchez-Gistau V, Torres X, Carreno M, et al. Psychiatric disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy patients over the first year after surgical treatment. Seizure. 2007;16(3):218–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Tellez-Zenteno JF, Wiebe S. Chapter 1 – Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy: what we think we know and what we know. In: Kanner AM, Schachter SC, editors. Psychiatric controversies in epilepsy. San Diego: Academic Press; 2008. p. 1–18.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Gaitatzis A, Trimble MR, Sander JW. The psychiatric comorbidity of epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2004;110(4):207–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Devinsky O. Psychiatric comorbidity in patients with epilepsy: implications for diagnosis and treatment. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2003;4(Suppl 4):S2–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Filho GM, Rosa VP, Lin K, Caboclo LO, Sakamoto AC, Yacubian EM. Psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy: a study comparing patients with mesial temporal sclerosis and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2008;13(1):196–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  110. Filho GM, Mazetto L, da Silva JM, Caboclo LO, Yacubian EM. Psychiatric comorbidity in patients with two prototypes of focal versus generalized epilepsy syndromes. Seizure. 2011;20(5):383–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Manchanda R. Psychiatric disorders in epilepsy: clinical aspects. Epilepsy Behav. 2002;3(1):39–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. Swinkels WA, van Emde BW, Kuyk J, van Dyck R, Spinhoven P. Interictal depression, anxiety, personality traits, and psychological dissociation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and extra-TLE. Epilepsia. 2006;47(12):2092–103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Anhoury S, Brown RJ, Krishnamoorthy ES, Trimble MR. Psychiatric outcome after temporal lobectomy: a predictive study. Epilepsia. 2000;41(12):1608–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Kanner AM. Depression in epilepsy: prevalence, clinical semiology, pathogenic mechanisms, and treatment. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54(3):388–98.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Kanner AM. Chapter 16 – Should a psychiatric evaluation be included in every pre-surgical work-up? In: Kanner AM, Schachter SC, editors. Psychiatric controversies in epilepsy. San Diego: Academic Press; 2008. p. 239–54.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  116. Koch-Stoecker SC, Bien CG, Schulz R, May TW. Psychiatric lifetime diagnoses are associated with a reduced chance of seizure freedom after temporal lobe surgery. Epilepsia. 2017;58(6):983–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Altalib HH, Berg AT, Cong X, Vickrey BG, Sperling MR, Shinnar S, et al. Presurgical depression and anxiety are not associated with worse epilepsy surgery outcome five years postoperatively. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2018;83:7–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Koch-Stoecker S. Personality disorders as predictors of severe postsurgical psychiatric complications in epilepsy patients undergoing temporal lobe resections. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2002;3(6):526–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. Kanner AM, Byrne R, Chicharro A, Wuu J, Frey M. A lifetime psychiatric history predicts a worse seizure outcome following temporal lobectomy. Neurology. 2009;72(9):793–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Koch-Stoecker S, Schmitz B, Kanner AM. Treatment of postsurgical psychiatric complications. Epilepsia. 2013;54(Suppl 1):46–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Greenberg DB. Epilepsy. In: Fogel BS, Greenberg DB, editors. Psychiatric Care of the Medical Patient. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  122. Engel J Jr. The current place of epilepsy surgery. Curr Opin Neurol. 2018;31(2):192–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Cleary RA, Baxendale SA, Thompson PJ, Foong J. Predicting and preventing psychopathology following temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2013;26(3):322–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  124. Macrodimitris S, Sherman EM, Forde S, Tellez-Zenteno JF, Metcalfe A, Hernandez-Ronquillo L, et al. Psychiatric outcomes of epilepsy surgery: a systematic review. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):880–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Busch RM, Dulay MF, Kim KH, Chapin JS, Jehi L, Kalman CC, et al. Pre-surgical mood predicts memory decline after anterior temporal lobe resection for epilepsy. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2011;26(8):739–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Kanner AM, Balabanov A. Depression and epilepsy: how closely related are they? Neurology. 2002;58(8 Suppl 5):S27–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Hamid H, Liu H, Cong X, Devinsky O, Berg AT, Vickrey BG, et al. Long-term association between seizure outcome and depression after resective epilepsy surgery. Neurology. 2011;77(22):1972–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  128. Reutens DC, Savard G, Andermann F, Dubeau F, Olivier A. Results of surgical treatment in temporal lobe epilepsy with chronic psychosis. Brain. 1997;120(Pt 11):1929–36.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Devinsky O, Barr WB, Vickrey BG, Berg AT, Bazil CW, Pacia SV, et al. Changes in depression and anxiety after resective surgery for epilepsy. Neurology. 2005;65(11):1744–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Hermann BP, Wyler AR. Depression, locus of control, and the effects of epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 1989;30(3):332–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Reuber M, Andersen B, Elger CE, Helmstaedter C. Depression and anxiety before and after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Seizure. 2004;13(2):129–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Barry JJ, Ettinger AB, Friel P, Gilliam FG, Harden CL, Hermann B, et al. Consensus statement: the evaluation and treatment of people with epilepsy and affective disorders. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2008;13(Suppl 1):S1–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  133. Hovorka J, Herman E, Nemcova II. Treatment of Interictal depression with citalopram in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2000;1(6):444–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  134. Kuhn KU, Quednow BB, Thiel M, Falkai P, Maier W, Elger CE. Antidepressive treatment in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and major depression: a prospective study with three different antidepressants. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2003;4(6):674–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  135. Specchio LM, Iudice A, Specchio N, La Neve A, Spinelli A, Galli R, et al. Citalopram as treatment of depression in patients with epilepsy. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2004;27(3):133–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. Ribot R, Ouyang B, Kanner AM. The impact of antidepressants on seizure frequency and depressive and anxiety disorders of patients with epilepsy: is it worth investigating? Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2017;70(Pt A):5–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  137. Maguire MJ, Weston J, Singh J, Marson AG. Antidepressants for people with epilepsy and depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(12):Cd010682.

    Google Scholar 

  138. Kerr MP, Mensah S, Besag F, de Toffol B, Ettinger A, Kanemoto K, et al. International consensus clinical practice statements for the treatment of neuropsychiatric conditions associated with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2011;52(11):2133–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Swinkels JA, de Jonghe F. Safety of antidepressants. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1995;9(Suppl 4):19–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. Munchau A, Langosch JM, Gerschlager W, Rothwell JC, Orth M, Trimble MR. Mirtazapine increases cortical excitability in healthy controls and epilepsy patients with major depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005;76(4):527–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  141. Kaufman KR, Saucedo C, Schaeffer J, Levesque M, Scannell T, Glouberman M. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for intractable depression following epilepsy neurosurgery. Seizure. 1996;5(4):307–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Aksoy-Poyraz C, Ozdemir A, Ozmen M, Arikan K, Ozkara C. Electroconvulsive therapy for bipolar depressive and mixed episode with high suicide risk after epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2008;13(4):707–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  143. Beyenburg S, Mitchell AJ, Schmidt D, Elger CE, Reuber M. Anxiety in patients with epilepsy: systematic review and suggestions for clinical management. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2005;7(2):161–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  144. Manchanda R, Schaefer B, McLachlan RS, Blume WT, Wiebe S, Girvin JP, et al. Psychiatric disorders in candidates for surgery for epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996;61(1):82–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  145. Ring HA, Moriarty J, Trimble MR. A prospective study of the early postsurgical psychiatric associations of epilepsy surgery. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998;64(5):601–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  146. Wrench J, Wilson SJ, Bladin PF. Mood disturbance before and after seizure surgery: a comparison of temporal and extratemporal resections. Epilepsia. 2004;45(5):534–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  147. Mula M, Monaco F. Antiepileptic drugs and psychopathology of epilepsy: an update. Epileptic Disord. 2009;11(1):1–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Harnod T, Wang YC, Kao CH. Association between benzodiazepine use and epilepsy occurrence: a Nationwide population-based case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(37):e1571.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Monaco F, Cavanna A, Magli E, Barbagli D, Collimedaglia L, Cantello R, et al. Obsessionality, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2005;7(3):491–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  150. Kulaksizoglu IB, Bebek N, Baykan B, Imer M, Gurses C, Sencer S, et al. Obsessive-compulsive disorder after epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2004;5(1):113–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  151. Roth RM, Jobst BC, Thadani VM, Gilbert KL, Roberts DW. New-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder following neurosurgery for medication-refractory seizure disorder. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2009;14(4):677–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  152. Schmitz B. Depression and mania in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2005;46(Suppl 4):45–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Kanemoto K, Kawasaki J, Kawai I. Postictal psychosis: a comparison with acute interictal and chronic psychoses. Epilepsia. 1996;37(6):551–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Carran MA, Kohler CG, O'Connor MJ, Bilker WB, Sperling MR. Mania following temporal lobectomy. Neurology. 2003;61(6):770–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  155. Engel J, Pedley TA, Aicardi J, editors. Epilepsy: a comprehensive textbook. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers. p. 2169–78.

    Google Scholar 

  156. Blumer D, Wakhlu S, Davies K, Hermann B. Psychiatric outcome of temporal lobectomy for epilepsy: incidence and treatment of psychiatric complications. Epilepsia. 1998;39(5):478–86.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Maixner D, Sagher O, Bess J, Edwards J. Catatonia following surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy successfully treated with electroconvulsive therapy. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2010;19(3):528–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  158. Iranzo-Tatay C, Rubio-Granero T, Gutierrez A, Garces M, Conde R, Gomez-Ibanez A, et al. Psychiatric symptoms after temporal epilepsy surgery. A one-year follow-up study. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2017;70(Pt A):154–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  159. D'Alessio L, Scevola L, Fernandez Lima M, Oddo S, Solis P, Seoane E, et al. Psychiatric outcome of epilepsy surgery in patients with psychosis and temporal lobe drug-resistant epilepsy: a prospective case series. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2014;37:165–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  160. Whitworth AB, Fleischhacker WW. Adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1995;9(Suppl 5):21–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. McConnell H, Duncan D. Chapter 10. Treatment of psychiatric, comorbidity in epilepsy. In: McConnell H, Snyder P, editors. Psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy. Washington, DC: Press. DAP; 1998. p. 245–361.

    Google Scholar 

  162. Toth P, Frankenburg FR. Clozapine and seizures: a review. Can J Psychiatr Rev Can Psychiatr. 1994;39(4):236–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Alper K, Schwartz KA, Kolts RL, Khan A. Seizure incidence in psychopharmacological clinical trials: an analysis of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) summary basis of approval reports. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;62(4):345–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  164. Pompili M, Girardi P, Tatarelli G, Angeletti G, Tatarelli R. Suicide after surgical treatment in patients with epilepsy: a meta-analytic investigation. Psychol Rep. 2006;98(2):323–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  165. Hamid H, Devinsky O, Vickrey BG, Berg AT, Bazil CW, Langfitt JT, et al. Suicide outcomes after resective epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2011;20(3):462–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  166. Wilson SJ, Bladin PF, Saling MM. The burden of normality: a framework for rehabilitation after epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2007;48(Suppl 9):13–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  167. Ramos-Perdigues S, Bailles E, Mane A, Carreno M, Donaire A, Rumia J, et al. A prospective study contrasting the psychiatric outcome in drug-resistant epilepsy between patients who underwent surgery and a control group. Epilepsia. 2016;57(10):1680–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  168. Helmstaedter C. Cognitive outcomes of different surgical approaches in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epileptic Disord. 2013;15(3):221–39.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  169. Vermeulen L, van Loon J, Theys T, Goffin J, Porke K, Van Laere K, et al. Outcome after epilepsy surgery at the university hospitals Leuven 1998-2012. Acta Neurol Belg. 2016;116(3):271–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  170. Lutz MT, Clusmann H, Elger CE, Schramm J, Helmstaedter C. Neuropsychological outcome after selective amygdalohippocampectomy with transsylvian versus transcortical approach: a randomized prospective clinical trial of surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2004;45(7):809–16.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  171. Ives-Deliperi VL, Butler JT. Naming outcomes of anterior temporal lobectomy in epilepsy patients: a systematic review of the literature. Epilepsy Behav: E&B. 2012;24(2):194–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  172. Lee TM, Yip JT, Jones-Gotman M. Memory deficits after resection from left or right anterior temporal lobe in humans: a meta-analytic review. Epilepsia. 2002;43(3):283–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  173. Tellez-Zenteno JF, Dhar R, Hernandez-Ronquillo L, Wiebe S. Long-term outcomes in epilepsy surgery: antiepileptic drugs, mortality, cognitive and psychosocial aspects. Brain. 2007;130(Pt 2):334–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  174. Sherman EM, Wiebe S, Fay-McClymont TB, Tellez-Zenteno J, Metcalfe A, Hernandez-Ronquillo L, et al. Neuropsychological outcomes after epilepsy surgery: systematic review and pooled estimates. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):857–69.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  175. Vaz SA. Nonverbal memory functioning following right anterior temporal lobectomy: a meta-analytic review. Seizure. 2004;13(7):446–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  176. Helmstaedter C, Kurthen M, Lux S, Reuber M, Elger CE. Chronic epilepsy and cognition: a longitudinal study in temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Neurol. 2003;54(4):425–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  177. Wiebe S, Blume WT, Girvin JP, Eliasziw M. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(5):311–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  178. Elsharkawy AE, May T, Thorbecke R, Koch-Stoecker S, Villagran A, Urak L, et al. Long-term outcome and determinants of quality of life after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in adults. Epilepsy Res. 2009;86(2–3):191–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  179. Wilson SJ, Wrench JM, McIntosh AM, Bladin PF, Berkovic SF. Profiles of psychosocial outcome after epilepsy surgery: the role of personality. Epilepsia. 2010;51(7):1133–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  180. Hamiwka L, Macrodimitris S, Tellez-Zenteno JF, Metcalfe A, Wiebe S, Kwon CS, et al. Social outcomes after temporal or extratemporal epilepsy surgery: a systematic review. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):870–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  181. Hermann BP, Trenerry MR, Colligan RC. Learned helplessness, attributional style, and depression in epilepsy. Bozeman epilepsy surgery consortium. Epilepsia. 1996;37(7):680–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  182. Wilson S, Bladin P, Saling M. The “burden of normality”: concepts of adjustment after surgery for seizures. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001;70(5):649–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  183. Naesstrom M, Blomstedt P, Bodlund O. A systematic review of psychiatric indications for deep brain stimulation, with focus on major depressive and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Nord J Psychiatry. 2016;70(7):483–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  184. Youngerman BE, Chan AK, Mikell CB, McKhann GM, Sheth SA. A decade of emerging indications: deep brain stimulation in the United States. J Neurosurg. 2016;125(2):461–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  185. Kisely S, Li A, Warren N, Siskind D. A systematic review and meta-analysis of deep brain stimulation for depression. Depress Anxiety. 2018;35(5):468–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  186. Johnson MD, McIntyre CC. Quantifying the neural elements activated and inhibited by globus pallidus deep brain stimulation. J Neurophysiol. 2008;100(5):2549–63.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  187. Barrett K. Psychiatric neurosurgery in the 21st century: overview and the growth of deep brain stimulation. BJPsych Bull. 2017;41(5):281–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  188. Gross RE, McDougal ME. Technological advances in the surgical treatment of movement disorders. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2013;13(8):371.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  189. Savica R, Grossardt BR, Rocca WA, Bower JH. Parkinson disease with and without dementia: a prevalence study and future projections. Mov Disord. 2018;33(4):537–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  190. Kulick CV, Montgomery KM, Nirenberg MJ. Comprehensive identification of delusions and olfactory, tactile, gustatory, and minor hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease psychosis. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2018;pii:S1353–8020(18):30153–6.

    Google Scholar 

  191. Reijnders JS, Ehrt U, Weber WE, Aarsland D, Leentjens AF. A systematic review of prevalence studies of depression in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2008;23(2):183–9. quiz 313.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  192. Larsen JP, Dalen I, Pedersen KF, Tysnes OB. The natural history of depressive symptoms in patients with incident Parkinson’s disease: a prospective cohort study. J Neurol. 2017;264(12):2401–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  193. Wang JW, Zhang YQ, Zhang XH, Wang YP, Li JP, Li YJ. Cognitive and psychiatric effects of STN versus GPi deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One. 2016;11(6):e0156721.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Broen MPG, Leentjens AFG, Hinkle JT, Moonen AJH, Kuijf ML, Fischer NM, et al. Clinical markers of anxiety subtypes in Parkinson disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2018;31(2):55–62.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  195. Merims D, Balas M, Peretz C, Shabtai H, Giladi N. Rater-blinded, prospective comparison: quetiapine versus clozapine for Parkinson's disease psychosis. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2006;29(6):331–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  196. Thomas AA, Friedman JH. Current use of clozapine in Parkinson disease and related disorders. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2010;33(1):14–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  197. Majlath Z, Obal I, Vecsei L. Treatment possibilities for psychosis in Parkinson’s disease with an emphasis on the newly approved drug: Pimavanserin. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2017;16(3):234–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  198. Andre M, Rezai AR, Kopell BH, Gross RE, Sharan AD, Benabid AL. Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease: surgical technique and perioperative management. Mov Disord. 2006;21(14):S247–S58.

    Google Scholar 

  199. Fidel BCJ, Richard S, Joseph J. Diagnosis and treatment of complications related to deep brain stimulation hardware. Mov Disord. 2011;26(8):1398–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  200. Günther D, Jan H, Galit KF, Cynthia K, Lozano AM, Lyons KE, et al. Deep brain stimulation: postoperative issues. Mov Disord. 2006;21(14):S219–S37.

    Google Scholar 

  201. Dolecek TA, Propp JM, Stroup NE, Kruchko C. CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2005–2009. Neuro-Oncology. 2012;14(Suppl 5):v1–v49.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  202. Keschner M, Bender MB, Strauss I. Mental symptoms associated with brain tumor: a study of 530 verified cases. JAMA. 1938;110(10):714–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  203. Kaplan HISB. Psychiatric aspects of brain tumors: a review. Mental disorders due to general medical condition. In: Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ, editors. Synopsis of psychiatry. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 1998. p. 350–64.

    Google Scholar 

  204. Gupta RK, Kumar R. Benign brain tumours and psychiatric morbidity: a 5-years retrospective data analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2004;38(5):316–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  205. Litofsky NS, Farace E, Anderson F Jr, Meyers CA, Huang W, Laws ER Jr. Depression in patients with high-grade glioma: results of the Glioma outcomes project. Neurosurgery. 2004;54(2):358–66. discussion 66-7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  206. Madhusoodanan S, Ting MB, Farah T, Ugur U. Psychiatric aspects of brain tumors: a review. World J Psychiatry. 2015;5(3):273–85.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  207. Boettger S, Jenewein J, Breitbart W. Haloperidol, risperidone, olanzapine and aripiprazole in the management of delirium: a comparison of efficacy, safety, and side effects. Palliat Support Care. 2015;13(4):1079–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  208. Breitbart W, Marotta R, Platt MM, Weisman H, Derevenco M, Grau C, et al. A double-blind trial of haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and lorazepam in the treatment of delirium in hospitalized AIDS patients. Am J Psychiatry. 1996;153(2):231–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  209. Gathinji M, McGirt MJ, Attenello FJ, Chaichana KL, Than K, Olivi A, et al. Association of preoperative depression and survival after resection of malignant brain astrocytoma. Surg Neurol. 2009;71(3):299–303. discussion.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  210. Meyers CA, Weitzner MA, Valentine AD, Levin VA. Methylphenidate therapy improves cognition, mood, and function of brain tumor patients. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16(7):2522–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  211. Caudill JS, Brown PD, Cerhan JH, Rummans TA. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, glioblastoma multiforme, and impact on toxicities and overall survival: the mayo clinic experience. Am J Clin Oncol. 2011;34(4):385–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  212. Gehring K, Patwardhan SY, Collins R, Groves MD, Etzel CJ, Meyers CA, et al. A randomized trial on the efficacy of methylphenidate and modafinil for improving cognitive functioning and symptoms in patients with a primary brain tumor. J Neuro-Oncol. 2012;107(1):165–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Roth AJ, Jaeger A. Psychiatric issues in cancer patients. In: The American Cancer Society’s principles of oncology: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2018. p. 379–92.

    Google Scholar 

  214. Rooney A, Grant R. Pharmacological treatment of depression in patients with a primary brain tumour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(5):Cd006932.

    Google Scholar 

  215. Robinson S, Kissane DW, Brooker J, Burney S. A systematic review of the demoralization syndrome in individuals with progressive disease and cancer: a decade of research. J Pain Symptom Manag. 2015;49(3):595–610.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  216. Mehta RD, Roth AJ. Psychiatric considerations in the oncology setting. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(4):299–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  217. Conklin HM, Reddick WE, Ashford J, Ogg S, Howard SC, Morris EB, et al. Long-term efficacy of methylphenidate in enhancing attention regulation, social skills, and academic abilities of childhood cancer survivors. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(29):4465–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  218. Castellino SM, Tooze JA, Flowers L, Hill DF, McMullen KP, Shaw EG, et al. Toxicity and efficacy of the acetylcholinesterase (AChe) inhibitor donepezil in childhood brain tumor survivors: a pilot study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012;59(3):540–7.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  219. Rapp SR, Case LD, Peiffer A, Naughton MM, Chan MD, Stieber VW, et al. Donepezil for irradiated brain tumor survivors: a phase III randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(15):1653–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  220. Brown PD, Pugh S, Laack NN, Wefel JS, Khuntia D, Meyers C, et al. Memantine for the prevention of cognitive dysfunction in patients receiving whole-brain radiotherapy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neuro-Oncology. 2013;15(10):1429–37.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  221. Price TRGK, Lovell MR. Neuropsychiatric aspects of brain tumors. In: Yudofsky SC, Hales RE, editors. The American Psychiatric Publishing textbook of neuropsychiatry and behavioral neurosciences. 5th ed. Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2007. p. 735–64.

    Google Scholar 

  222. Rossetti AO, Stupp R. Epilepsy in brain tumor patients. Curr Opin Neurol. 2010;23(6):603–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  223. Glantz MJ, Cole BF, Forsyth PA, Recht LD, Wen PY, Chamberlain MC, et al. Practice parameter: anticonvulsant prophylaxis in patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors. Report of the quality standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of neurology. Neurology. 2000;54(10):1886–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  224. Halma E, de Louw AJ, Klinkenberg S, Aldenkamp AP, DM IJ, Majoie M. Behavioral side-effects of levetiracetam in children with epilepsy: a systematic review. Seizure. 2014;23(9):685–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  225. Warrington TP, Bostwick JM. Psychiatric adverse effects of corticosteroids. Mayo Clin Proc. 2006;81(10):1361–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  226. Lewis DA, Smith RE. Steroid-induced psychiatric syndromes. A report of 14 cases and a review of the literature. J Affect Disord. 1983;5(4):319–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  227. Bolanos SH, Khan DA, Hanczyc M, Bauer MS, Dhanani N, Brown ES. Assessment of mood states in patients receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy and in controls with patient-rated and clinician-rated scales. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2004;92(5):500–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  228. Dubovsky AN, Arvikar S, Stern TA, Axelrod L. The neuropsychiatric complications of glucocorticoid use: steroid psychosis revisited. Psychosom. 2012;53(2):103–15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. LA Davis JM, Merk BS, Janicak PG. Treatment of steroid psychoses. Psychiatr Ann. 1992;22:487–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  230. Hurria A, Somlo G, Ahles T. Renaming “chemobrain”. Cancer Investig. 2007;25(6):373–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  231. Nelson CJ, Nandy N, Roth AJ. Chemotherapy and cognitive deficits: mechanisms, findings, and potential interventions. Palliat Support Care. 2007;5(3):273–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  232. Janelsins MC, Kohli S, Mohile SG, Usuki K, Ahles TA, Morrow GR. An update on cancer- and chemotherapy-related cognitive dysfunction: current status. Semin Oncol. 2011;38(3):431–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  233. Wefel JS, Kesler SR, Noll KR, Schagen SB. Clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and management of noncentral nervous system cancer-related cognitive impairment in adults. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):123–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  234. Huang T, Mueller S, Rutkowski MJ, Han SJ, Bloch O, Barani IJ, et al. Multidisciplinary care of patients with brain tumors. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2013;22(2):161–78.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  235. Clinical radiation oncology [electronic resource]. Bogart JA, Gunderson LL, Tepper JE, editors. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  236. Hess CB, Chen AM. Measuring psychosocial functioning in the radiation oncology clinic: a systematic review. Psychooncology. 2014;23(8):841–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  237. Holmes EG, Holmes JA, Park EM. Psychiatric care of the radiation oncology patient. Psychosomatics. 2017;58(5):457–65.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  238. Greenberg DB. Brain tumor. In: Fogel BS, Greenberg DB, editors. Psychiatric care of the medical patient. 3rd ed. New York, USA: Oxford University Press; 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  239. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/radiation-therapy/side-effects-of-radiation-therapy/?region=on#ixzz59NWNH8x4.

  240. Kim S, Akpati HC, Li JG, Liu CR, Amdur RJ, Palta JR. An immobilization system for claustrophobic patients in head-and-neck intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;59(5):1531–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA

    Sahil Munjal

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Surgery (Transplant), Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

    Paula C. Zimbrean

Authors
  1. Sahil Munjal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paula C. Zimbrean
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paula C. Zimbrean .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA

    Paula C. Zimbrean

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

    Mark A. Oldham

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

    Hochang Benjamin Lee

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Munjal, S., Zimbrean, P.C. (2019). Perioperative Psychiatric Aspects in Neurosurgery. In: Zimbrean, P., Oldham, M., Lee, H. (eds) Perioperative Psychiatry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99774-2_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99774-2_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-99773-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-99774-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation